Butjadingen

Basic data
State :	Lower Saxony
County :	Wesermarsch
Height :	2 m above sea level NHN
Area :	129.02 km 2
Residents:	6049 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	47 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	26969
Primaries :	04733, 04735, 04736
License plate :	BRA
Community key :	03 4 61 003
LOCODE :	DE BUT
Address of the ; municipal administration:	Butjadinger Strasse 59 ; -Burhave ; 26969 Butjadingen
Website :	www.gemeinde-butjadingen.de
Mayor :	Axel Linneweber (independent)
Location of the municipality of Butjadingen in the Wesermarsch district

Eckwarder Ahndeich

Butjadingen is a municipality in the Wesermarsch district in northwestern Lower Saxony . It is located on the peninsula of the same name on the German North Sea coast , which borders the Jade Bay in the southwest , the Inner Jade in the west and northwest and the Weser and its mouth in the east and northeast . At the same time, the municipality of Butjadingen is part of the historical Butjadingen landscape , where the Frisian tribe of the Butjadingen lived in the Middle Ages and early modern times .

A specific place with the name "Butjadingen" does not exist, but Butjadingen emerged from the municipalities of Langwarden , Burhave and Stollhamm as a new municipality with its seat in Burhave after the administrative and territorial reform in 1974 .

geography

Geographical location

The municipality of Butjadingen occupies the northwestern part of the Butjadingen peninsula of the same name. The area consists of marshland and is quite sparsely populated.

Neighboring communities

The community is largely surrounded by the North Sea. In the east and southeast it borders on the city of Nordenham and in the south on the municipality of Stadland . All three municipalities are part of the Wesermarsch district and form the northern part of the district.

Community structure

The following districts belong to the municipality:

history

Gau Rüstringen in the Frisian Zealand

The island of Butjadingen in the late Middle Ages and in the early modern period
→ Enlargements: • 33% , • 50%

Butjadingen office around 1900

The municipality of Butjadingen is located on the Butjadingen peninsula , which was formed in the Middle Ages when large storm surges shaped the course of today's North Sea coast. After the Second Marcellus Flood in 1362, Butjadingen was temporarily an island north of the Heete . The two remains of the Frisian district of Rüstringen , divided by the water of the steadily growing jade (inner jade and jade bay), were henceforth called Bovenjadingen (to the left of the jade) and Butjadingen (to the right of the jade). The name is derived from the Low German “buten” (= outside, outside, beyond) and “ jade ”. The word "Butjadingen" describes the "land beyond the jade" (from the point of view of the landscapes in which the majority of the Frisians lived).

Until the Middle Ages, the area belonged to the autonomous Frisian state municipality of Rüstringen , the terra Rustringie , in which the Frisian freedom was valid and which was a member of the Frisian Zealand . Outwardly, the rural communities were represented by the Redjeven . From the 14th century, in Rüstringen, as in the rest of Friesland , a chief took charge of the state community. Only after heavy battles ("Lewer dod as sklav") Butjadingen was ruled by the Free Imperial City of Bremen from 1385 and by the Counts of Oldenburg from 1499 or 1523 .

In the past, Rüstringen and Butjadingen were hit several times by severe storm surges, in which numerous places sank forever in the floods (including Tedlens, Langemehne, Bär, Alt-Waddens, Alnahm and Oldersum). One of the most momentous storm surges was the Christmas flood in 1717 , which killed almost a third of the population and from which Butjadingen did not recover economically for a long time. After this flood, however, under the direction of the Oldenburg Oberlanddrosten Sehestedt, the dike lines east of the Jadebusen and west of the Weser were made storm surge-proof, so that the landscapes of Butjadingen and Stadland, which was also temporarily on an island, were again on a peninsula connected to the mainland.

With the Jade Treaty of 1853, the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg sold land to the Kingdom of Prussia for the construction of a war port on the North Sea coast. Today's Wilhelmshaven was established in this area . The 340 hectare area also included the Butjadinger area around the town of Eckwarderhörn , which Prussia needed to secure the Jade fairway and the port facilities.

In 1879 the Butjadingen Office was formed, which existed until the next administrative reform in 1933. The municipalities Abbehausen , Atens (renamed in Nordenham in 1908 ), Blexen , Burhave , Eckwarden , Esenshamm , Langwarden , Seefeld , Stollhamm , Tossens and Waddens belonged to the office .

In 1933 the municipalities of Eckwarden, Tossens, Langwarden, Burhave, Waddens and Stollhamm were merged to form the new municipality of Burhave. At the same time, the Butjadingen office was merged with the Brake and Elsfleth offices , the Altenesch municipality from the Delmenhorst office and the Jade and Schweiburg municipalities from the Varel office to form the new Wesermarsch office .

In 1936 the municipality of Burhave was renamed the municipality of Butjadingen.

In 1937, the Prussian Wilhelmshaven and the Oldenburg town of Rüstringen were united to form the new, now Oldenburg town of Wilhelmshaven. The details were regulated in the Greater Hamburg Act. Among other things, the Eckwarderhörn settlement was returned to the municipality of Burhave . In 1939 the Wesermarsch district became the Wesermarsch district .

At the beginning of May 1945, at the end of the Second World War , Butjadingen was occupied by Canadian troops. From 1946 Butjadingen was under British military administration and was incorporated with the state of Oldenburg into the newly founded state of Lower Saxony. In 1948 another municipality reform took place and the three independent municipalities of Langwarden , Burhave and Stollhamm were re-established in what is now the municipality of Butjadingen .

Incorporations

With the most recent administrative and territorial reform on March 1, 1974, the municipality of Butjadingen, based in Burhave, was formed again from the independent municipalities of Burhave, Langwarden and Stollhamm.

politics

Municipal council

The municipality council of the municipality of Butjadingen consists of 18 councilors. This is the specified number for a municipality with a population between 6,001 and 7,000. The 18 council members are elected by local elections for five years each. The current term of office began on November 1, 2016 and ends on October 31, 2021.

The full-time mayor Axel Linneweber is also entitled to vote in the municipal council.

The local election of September 11, 2016 led to the following result:

Political party	Share of votes	Seats	+/- proportion of votes	+/- seats
CDU	27.45%	5	- 1.93% p.p.	± 0
SPD	22.97%	4th	- 0.51% p	± 0
FDP	19.31%	3	+ 3.17% p	± 0
Alliance 90 / The Greens	13.38%	3	- 2.71% p	± 0
The Independent Butjadingen	16.86%	2	+ 5.21% p.p.	± 0

The turnout in the 2016 local elections was 57.95%, above the Lower Saxony average of 55.5%. For comparison - in the previous municipal election on September 11, 2011, the turnout was 59.12%.

mayor

The full-time mayor of the municipality of Butjadingen is Axel Linneweber. In the last mayoral election on May 17, 2020, he stood as a single applicant and prevailed against his competitor Olaf Michalowski in the first ballot with 82.22% of the votes . The turnout was 67.38%. Before he took office on July 1, 2020, Axel Linneweber, who had been employed continuously at the community since August 1, 1990, was most recently head of the Office for Construction and Citizens' Services.

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the municipality of Butjadingen shows the upright lion in the left half and the two Oldenburg bars in the right half. The colors of the municipality are red and gold (arranged horizontally).

Culture and sights

In the village of Langwarden, the St. Laurentius Church houses the oldest organ in Butjadingen. It was probably built to the highest standards in 1650 by Hermann Kröger from Berne in collaboration with Berendt Hus . A few years later the pedal towers were added. Arp Schnitger rebuilt the organ in 1704/05 by exchanging the mixtures and reeds . While Schnitger's registers were all replaced later, the work by Kröger / Hus has largely been preserved in its original form. A special feature of the important organ is the construction with a spring locker . The tower rider of the church at that time (today's church tower was not yet available at the time) served the mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauß as a survey point, and Langwarden had been shown on the 10 DM notes as part of a survey network since 1989 .

The art promenade extends on the way from Burhave to Fedderwardersiel . At a four-week sculpture symposium under the direction of Bernd Altenstein , seven renowned artists from the Federal Republic created works of art from a wide variety of materials such as wood, stone, metal and marble. The works of art can be seen on the art promenade.

Museum National Park House Fedderwardersiel with outdoor area

The Museum National Park House Fedderwardersiel is housed in a listed building from 1846, which is located directly at the fishing port of Fedderwardersiel . The building originally served as the tax office of the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg . Since 1994 the museum has shown a varied exhibition on the natural and cultural sides of the "Butjenter Coast". The focus of the exhibition is the affiliation of the coast to the Lower Saxony Wadden Sea National Park , life in the Lower Saxony Wadden Sea and the development of nature conservation.

The gallery on Wehlhamm in Ruhwarden shows mostly paintings, graphics and handicrafts by North German artists. The type of works varies from originals to limited prints, to unique pieces made of glass, ceramics and wood, as well as sculptures. In addition to the exhibitions, the gallery regularly offers vernissages, readings, slide shows and seminars. The gallery is one of the founders of the GEZEITEN art and culture weeks Butjadingen , an annual series of events that has been taking place since 1986.

Economy and Infrastructure

Economically, agriculture and tourism and, to a lesser extent, fishing (mainly crabs , called "garnet" by the locals) are important.

Important tourist destinations are the North Sea resorts of Tossens , Burhave, Eckwarderhörne, Ruhwarden, and the port of Fedderwardersiel as a tourist gem . More than 250 kilometers of signposted cycle paths have been laid out in the community for tourist development.

traffic

The community is accessed via the state roads L 860, L 859 and L 855. The L 860 connects the community to the federal highway 212 , which leads over the Weser tunnel south of Nordenham to the A 27 . The L 855 leads to the federal highway 437 , which takes you to the A 29 from Wilhelmshaven to Oldenburg . There are also ferry connections over the Weser from Nordenham to Bremerhaven and in the summer months over the Jade Bay from Eckwarderhörne to Wilhelmshaven. There is a train connection to Bremen from Nordenham .

media

The municipality of Butjadingen is in the catchment area of two daily newspapers. These are the Nordwest-Zeitung with its local section "Wesermarsch-Zeitung" and the Kreiszeitung Wesermarsch .

education

There is a primary school in Burhave in the municipality of Butjadingen , which is run as a reliable primary school . The municipality is responsible for the sponsorship . Under the auspices of the district Wesermarsch is a branch of the Kreisvolkshochschule Wesermarsch. Secondary school in the community is the Zinzendorfschule Tossens , a state-recognized church-sponsored school with a secondary and secondary school and a grammar school. The school is run by the Moravian Brethren . The school is a regular school for the pupils of the Butjadingen community, but is also open to pupils from the neighboring communities.

environment

In front of the peninsula, the Wadden Sea extends between the mouths of the Jade and Weser for about 23 km to the northwest to beyond the island of Mellum . It is part of the Lower Saxony Wadden Sea National Park . The National Park has an information center in Fedderwardersiel. In Iffens, near the town of Stollhamm, there has been an independent Iffens environmental station since 1978 . Her areas of work are environmental education, the Wadden Sea, chemistry and the environment, as well as the Frisian region. One of the regional Butjadingen projects, for example, deals with fruit cultivation.

Personalities

Wilhelm Morisse : Marshland in Butjadingen

Sibrand Lubbert (* 1555/56; † 1625), Reformed theologian
Hinrich Janssen (* 1697; † 1737), farmer and poet
Eilert Köhler (* around 1710; † 1751), organ builder
Gerhard Friedrich von Buschmann (* 1780; † 1856), diplomat, State Councilor in Russian service
Heinrich Borchert Lübsen (* 1801; † 1864), mathematician
Hinrich Dunkhase (* 1857; † 1905), Klootschießer, promoter of the dairy industry in Butjadingen
Georg Müller vom Siel (* 1865 - † 1939), painter
Rudolf Theis Eden (* 1883; † 1925), surgeon
Georg Lammers (* 1905; † 1987), athlete
Egon Lorenz (* 1934; † 2019), legal scholar
Holger Ortel (* 1951), politician (SPD), member of the Bundestag since 1998
Theodor Meentzen (* 1875; † 1963), writer, publicist

literature

Klaus Dede: Butjadingen. Landscape, cultural history, information. Atelier in the farmhouse, Fischerhude 1998, ISBN 3-88132-101-2 .
Hans H. Francksen: Butjadingen . Wintermann Verlag, Oldenburg 1985.
Franz Kurowski : The Frisians . Türmer Verlag , Berg am Starnberger See 1987, ISBN 3-88199-356-8 .