Lilienthal Monastery
| Lilienthal Monastery | |
|---|---|
 Monastery church with sculpture Jan and Lili |
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| location | Lilienthal, Osterholz district, Lower Saxony |
| Coordinates: | 53 ° 8 '29.1 " N , 8 ° 54' 41.3" E |
| founding year | 1232 by Cistercians |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1646 by Sweden in the Thirty Years War |
The Lilienthal Monastery or St. Maria in the Valley of the Lilies was a Cistercian monastery in the Lower Saxon community of Lilienthal near Bremen from the 13th to 17th centuries .
History of the monastery
The foundation of the Sancta Maria monastery in Valle Liliorum ('St. Maria in the Valley of the Lilies') goes back to the Archbishop of Bremen Gerhard II . The reason is said to have been the death of his brother Hermann zur Lippe , who died in the fight against the Stedinger in 1229.
The foundation stone for the altar of a first wooden church was laid on the day of the Annunciation , March 25, in 1230. In 1231 the first four nuns from the Walberberg monastery came to Bremen and prepared the construction of the monastery under initially very adverse conditions. The founding deed was issued by Gerhard II on March 25th, 1232, this day is also considered to be the hour of birth of Lilienthal. Mary with the child and the lilies (as a symbol of Mary ) appear in the town's coat of arms to this day.
Between 1250 and 1262 the wooden monastery church was replaced by a stone structure at the current location and consecrated by Archbishop Hildebold . At that time the site still belonged to the Borgfeld community and became the property of the monastery through purchase and donation. As a result, various buildings and businesses were built around the monastery. In addition, the course of the Wörpe - which originally flowed through the Truper Blänken - was diverted to its current river bed in order to operate a mill. During the 14th and 15th centuries, the land ownership and influence of the monastery grew steadily, at times over 80 villages in the Weser-Elbe region were subject to interest payments from the Cistercian women. In the course of the Reformation , the nuns converted to Lutheran teaching in 1552 . The monastery lost its importance until it was finally dissolved in 1646 under Swedish rule. The monastery complex was demolished. Only the former monastery church remained.
The monastery church
Despite structural changes over the centuries, the former church of the monastery has been preserved in the center of Lilienthal as a Protestant parish church. There were major renovations in 1738 and in the 20th century.
It is a single-nave hall church of brick with a steep gable . The longitudinal walls have recesses halfway up; on it were originally flat pilaster strips . The lower part of the west facade was changed in the baroque era . The wall arches in the lower part of the north wall probably come from the former cloister . The straight east gable is adorned with the original Gothic arcade facing ; the buttresses were added later. All windows were enlarged in the 19th century and fitted with tracery . The large Gothic pointed arch window in the east facade also dates from the 19th century in this form.
The ridge turret on the gable roof has largely been preserved in its original form.
The interior is divided into five rectangular yokes , as a busty cross vault from the 15th century. The ornamental paintings were made in early Gothic forms, the forms on the late Gothic vaults being a new interpretation from 1953. In 1976 remains of valuable wall paintings with biblical themes were uncovered. On the north wall there is a stone relief with a finely worked seated Madonna , which dates from roughly the third quarter of the 13th century. In the choir is the baroque pulpit altar from 1738. Behind the choir, a tombstone from 1385 shows the abbess Gertrud Scheene as a scratch drawing .
The organ was built in 1884 by the organ builder Johann Hinrich Röver. It is one of the largest instruments that Röver has built. The box drawer instrument has 27 stops on two manuals and a pedal . The action actions are mechanical, the stop actions are pneumatic.
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P
One of the oldest pieces of equipment in the church hangs in the roof turret: a particularly beautiful sounding example of a bell , which was cast around 1300 in the so-called '' transition shape '' from the '' sugar loaf '' to the Gothic rib. A bell from 1957 hangs on its side.
Individual evidence
- ↑ The monastery - starting point in Lilienthal. Retrieved January 3, 2013 .
- ^ Rupprecht Knoop: The old monastery mill in Lilienthal. In: Heimat-Rundblick. History, culture, nature . No. 106, 3/2013 ( autumn 2013 ). Druckerpresse-Verlag , ISSN 2191-4257 , pp. 10-12.
- ^ Monastery church St. Marien Lilienthal. Retrieved January 3, 2013 .
- ^ Dehio : Bremen, Lower Saxony . 1977.
- ↑ Information on the organ
literature
- Wilhelm Dehlwes, Edda Buchwald: The story of Lilienthal. Volume 1: Lilienthal yesterday and today. Self-published by the community of Lilienthal, 1977.
- Wilhelm Dehlwes: Lilienthal - monastery, churches and church community life . Self-published by the Lilienthal community, 1978.
- Harald Kühn, Peter Richter: Time travel. 775 years of Lilienthal. Lilienthaler Heimatverein / Simmering Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-927723-62-7 .
Web links
- Monastery church "St. Marien ”in Lilienthal - website of the Lilienthal Abbey Church Foundation
- The monastery - starting point for Lilienthal - website of the Lilienthal Heimatverein
- Lilienthal Abbey in the CISTOPEDIA - Encyclopaedia Cisterciensis
- Description of Lilienthal Monastery on the Lower Saxony monastery map of the Institute for Historical Research