Pivoň Monastery
The Pivoň Monastery (German: Stockau Monastery) is a former monastery of the Augustinian hermits in Pivoň , part of the Mnichov municipality in Okres Domažlice in the Czech Republic .
history
Unsecured early days
Some sources say that Pivoň was founded in 932 by Bavarian hermits. It is only a legend that a metal plaque was allegedly found in the floor of the church in Valtířov (German: Waltersgrün), on which Emperor Heinrich III. recorded as the founder of Pivoň with the year 1041; There are only photos of this and a second board, allegedly documenting the founding of Waltersgrün, so that the assumption is reasonable that these are forgeries from the period after 1946. Legend has it that in the battle of Biwanka in 1040 between Břetislav I of Bohemia and Emperor Henry III, which ended with a victory for Břetislav I, either Břetislav I or Henry III. exhausted resting on a tree stump (tree stick) in Stockau. After the battle was won, Duke Břetislav I of Bohemia had the first church built in Stockau out of gratitude. Hence the name Stockau. This tree stump was said to be under the altar of the monastery church in the 18th century. The consecration of the Stockau monastery church in 1047 is recorded in the church history of Frind .
12th to 14th centuries
The monastery in Pivoň was founded by Bavarian Wilhelmites who immigrated from the Schönthal monastery in 1149 after the end of the second crusade . In 1256 Pope Alexander IV forced the Wilhelmites to follow the rule of St. Augustine to take over. Instead of their previously white robes, they now had to wear black frocks with a black leather belt. The monastery in Pivoň was the first Augustinian monastery in Bohemia. From there the environment, e.g. B. Pšovka (Schopka) near Mělník , Christianized. The Augustinians of Pivoň were very active and founded many places in the Pivoň area, some of which were named after their founding fathers: Brother Walther Grünes founded Waltersgrün in 1120, and in 1130 the monk Georgi Fronhauser Frohnau founded . They also founded Glaserau , Heiligenkreuz , Münchsdorf , (Alt-) Gramatin (Czech: Starý Kramolín ), Kleinsemlowitz , St. Georgen (also: Rokosin, Rokesin, Czech: Rakos, Rokošín, sunk, the Rokošínský vrch north of Poběžovice still reminds us of this ), Linz , Schiefernau , Tannawa and Trasenau . They also grew medicinal plants, set up a pharmacy, set up potash shops, grain and paper mills, a gun hammer and a brewery. They planted grain, tubers, vegetables and hops and raised snails and trout.
15th to 17th centuries
In 1421 the monastery was temporarily occupied by the Hussites . The brothers took refuge in the woods. In 1573 it burned down due to carelessness and was rebuilt in 1595. As part of the Reformation and the Thirty Years War , the Pivoň Monastery came into the possession of the Protestant Peter III several times between 1615 and 1620 . von Schwanberg (* 1581, † Prague May 20, 1620, district chief of the Pilsener Kreis and elected regional director of the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1619) depending on the balance of power shifted in favor of the Protestants or the Catholics. In 1641 it was occupied by the Swedes, robbed and burned down. During the occupation, the friars took refuge in the woods.
18th century to the present
In 1783 the monastery in Pivoň had 17 priests and 12 students with 5 lay brothers. The students graduated from the University of Prague. In 1785 the monastery was abolished as part of the Josephian Reform on the orders of Emperor Joseph II . It had monastery assets in 141,835 guilders and was assigned to the religious fund for 148,835 guilders. By order of Joseph II, the friars received a monthly salary of 16 guilders. In 1800 the monastery was handed over to the state advocate Dr. Stöhr, whose sons resold it to Count Thun . This proposed it to the rule Ronsperg, which from 1864 belonged to the noble Coudenhove-Kalergi family. The Coudenhove-Kalergi used the monastery buildings as a castle. The monastery church became the village church of Pivoň. After a fire in 1953, the church remained in ruins.
Building history of the monastery
The monastery church was built in the early Gothic style in the second half of the 13th century. The refectory of the Pivoň Monastery was built in 1661, in 1696 the high altar and the nave , in 1733 new corridors, the sacristy , the rear part of the monastery and in 1756 the brewery. The monastery had three courtyards that were connected by gates. In the middle courtyard there was a granite fountain with good drinking water. After the abolition of the monastery, the buildings were used as a chateau for the Lords of Poběžovice .
Today (2013) efforts are being made to rebuild and restore the church and the former monastery.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Putování po zaniklých místech Českého lesa. = Walks through the disappeared villages of the Bohemian Forest. Nakladatelství Českého Lesa, Domažlice 2007 ff. - Volume 1: Domažlicko. Osudy 50 zaniklých obcí, vsí a samot. = Circle tau. The fate of 50 lost villages, hamlets and wastelands. 2007, ISBN 978-80-86125-78-7 , p. 278
- ↑ The church history of Bohemia in general and in its special relation to the current Leitmeritz diocese in the time before the hereditary kingdom. 4 volumes, Prague 1864–1878
- ↑ Český les jih Turistická mapa. VKU akciová spoločnost´, Harmanec 2004
- ^ Josef Bernklau, Franz Schröpfer, Heinrich Cenefels, Franz Spaderns: Stockau. In: Franz Liebl, Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz (Hrsg.): Our Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz. Brönner & Daentler, Eichstätt 1967, pp. 272-276.
- ↑ cz: Pivoň # Augustiniánský klášter
- ^ Josef Bernklau, Franz Schröpfer, Heinrich Cenefels, Franz Spaderna: Stockau. In: Franz Liebl, Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz (Hrsg.): Our Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz. Brönner & Daentler, Eichstätt 1967, pp. 272-276.
- ↑ http://www.vyletnik.cz/mistopisny-rejstrik/zapadni-cechy/chodsko/2864-pivon/
Coordinates: 49 ° 29 ′ 13.3 " N , 12 ° 44 ′ 16.7" E