Újezd ​​Svatého Kříže

Újezd ​​Svatého Kříže
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Plzeňský kraj
District :	Domažlice
Municipality :	Bělá nad Radbuzou
Area :	640.0084 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 35 '  N , 12 ° 44'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 34 '31 "  N , 12 ° 44' 29"  E
Height:	450  m nm
Residents :	172 (2001)
Postal code :	345 25
License plate :	P

Újezd ​​Svatého Kříže (Holy Cross)

Újezd ​​Svatého Kříže (German: Heiligenkreuz ) is a part of the municipality of Bělá nad Radbuzou in Okres Domažlice in West Bohemia in the Czech Republic . The Czech word újezd means in German: district, district, mark, district. Svatého Kříže means in German: the holy cross.

Geographical location

Újezd ​​Svatého Kříže (Holy Cross) is located on the Bystřický potok (German: Waldweiher- or Engelbach) about four kilometers southeast of Bělá nad Radbuzou (German: Weißensulz) above the Radbuza valley .

history

Free Chodendorf until 1454

Archaeological finds indicate an early settlement of the area (barrows, Bronze Age ax). The place already existed in the 11th century. It was a Chod settlement called 1200 Aujezd. Újezd ​​Svatého Kříže was particularly significant because it was located on the far left wing of the 13 Přimdaer (German: Pfraumberger) Chodendörfer , near the old trade route Schönsee - Straßhütte - Ostrov (Wasserau) - Mutěnín (Muttersdorf).

As early as 1331, German settlers were mentioned in writing in this place in addition to the Chods in a royal decree. Augustinian hermits came to this area from Schönthal monastery , founded the Pivoň (Stockau) monastery , which is still in ruins, and from there hermitages, chapels and churches in the surrounding villages. A legend tells of a stone or iron cross that belonged to a hermit and was found on the site of the present church. The German name Heiligenkreuz is derived from this.

In 1384 Heiligenkreuz was already a parish village for Bělá nad Radbuzou (Weißensulz), Čečín ( Zetschin ), Třemešné (Zemschen), Bezděkov (Pössigkau) and Málkov (Molgau). In the middle of the 16th century, Bystřice ( Wistersitz ), Železná ( Eisendorf ), Hammersbrunn-Neubäu and Fuchsberg were parished under Heiligenkreuz. In the Hussite Wars of 1429 and 1433, Heiligenkreuz, like many other places in this area, was destroyed and burned.

Under the rule of the Lamingers from 1454–1678

In 1454 the freedom of Chodendorf ended and a Laminger from Albenreuth became the first liege lord. Under him the burnt village and its church were rebuilt. For himself he built a fortified mansion in Heiligenkreuz. For 224 years, from 1454 to 1678 the Lamingers ruled Heiligenkreuz. Wolf Joachim Laminger bought the entire fiefdom of Heiligenkreuz in 1596 for 1062 thalers. He and his predecessor were Protestant and they forced their subjects to become Protestant, which they complained to Emperor Ferdinand about . The church of Heiligenkreuz was a Protestant parish church from 1570 to 1629. With the Counter Reformation Wolf Joachim Laminger was chased out of the country and his younger brother Wolf Wilhelm Laminger, who had remained Catholic, bought Heiligenkreuz, Weißensulz, Neudorf and Eisendorf at the beginning of the 17th century. In 1622 he forced his subjects to return to the Catholic faith, which they complained about at the Viennese court. During the Thirty Years' War the church of Heiligenkreuz was destroyed and rebuilt in 1630. In addition to Heiligenkreuz itself, the parish Heiligenkreuz now also included Bělá nad Radbuzou ( white brine ), Čečín ( Zetschin ), Třemešné (Zemschen), Bezděkov (Pössigkau), Málkov (Molgau), Bystřice ( Wistersitz ), Železná ( Eisendorf ), Hammer Fuchsberg, Straßhütte, Ruhstein, Černá Hora ( Tschernahora ), Doubravka ( Dobraken ), Hleďsebe ( Siehdichfür ), Nový Dvůr ( Neuhof ), Pleš ( Plöß ), Smolov ( Schmolau ), Lískovec ( Haselberg ), Wabitz and Rosendorf. Wolf Wilhelm Laminger turned the church of Heiligenkreuz into a pilgrimage church and miraculous site of the holy cross. The pilgrimage was banned in 1791. Wolf Wilhelm Laminger's successor was Wolf Maximilian Laminger von Albenreuth . In 1678 he sold Heiligenkreuz to Zdenko Kaplirsch von Sulewitz .

Újezd ​​Svatého Kříže (Holy Cross) Church

Bell of the church in Újezd ​​Svatého Kříže

Passed under the rule of the Kotz von Dobrz 1678–1945

Zdenko Kaplirsch von Sulewitz died in 1685. His widow Anna Theresia, née Zucker von Tamfeld, married Count Philipp Emmerich von Metternich-Winneburg after his death . She died in 1712 without descendants and was followed by the son of her brother Wenzel Josef Graf Zucker von Tamfeld, married to Maria Anna Countess von Trauttmansdorff . Through the son Johann Wenzel and his son Johann Erasmus the Younger, who died early, the rule passed to Johann Erasmus the Elder in 1770, who was the last male member of the Zucker family. After his death in 1781, his niece Franziska Romana Countess Zucker inherited the rule. She was married to Johann Josef Freiherr Kotz von Dobrz . After her death in 1796, her son Zacharias Wenzel inherited Heiligenkreuz, with the rule being passed to the Barons Kotz von Dobrz, who they held until 1945.

This gender list is listed in such detail because the names Laminger, Zucker von Tamfeld, Trauttmansdorff and, since the end of the 18th century, Kotz von Dobrz in particular, appear and play a major role throughout the Bohemian border region.

After the Munich Agreement , Heiligenkreuz was added to the German Reich and until 1945 belonged to the Bischofteinitz district .

The district Haselberg belonged to Heiligenkreuz .

Population development

• In 1678 there were 53 houses in Heiligenkreuz, 33 owners, 2 millers, 18 chalupners (cottagers).
• In 1881 there were 93 houses and 707 residents.
• In 1930 there were 113 houses, 549 Germans, 7 Czechs and one foreigner.
• In 1945 there were 125 houses and 614 inhabitants: 5 inns, 2 shops, 1 mill, 2 blacksmiths, 2 wagons, 2 coopers, 1 plumber, 2 butchers, 2 bakers, 1 confectioner, 3 tailors, 2 shoemakers, 2 carpenters, 2 tobacco shops , 1 master carpenter, 1 master mason and 2 music bands.

education

A single-class school was built in Heiligenkreuz in the 16th century. In 1871 she had 191 children, in 1873 she became two-class and in 1877 had 201 children. An industrial teacher for handicraft began her work in 1880. In 1894 the school was rebuilt and received a third teacher.

Culture and sights

→ Main article : “Újezd ​​Svatého Kříže” in the article List of listed objects in Bělá nad Radbuzou

The current parish church was built in 1860 after the church burned down in 1859. From 1993 to 2000 the parish church in Újezd ​​Svatého Kříže was renovated.

The Way of St. James Prague - Tillyschanz comes from about 2.5 km southeast of Hostau . After Újezd ​​Svatého Kříže, it continues in a north-westerly direction to Bělá nad Radbuzou, 2.5 km away . It is marked with I24 and is called Svatojakubská cesta in Czech.

See also

• List of desert areas in Okres Domažlice

literature

• Franz Liebl u. a. (Ed.): Our home district Bischofteinitz with the German settlements in the district of Taus. Furth in the forest 1967.

Web links

Commons : Újezd ​​Svatého Kříže  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Heiligenkreuz

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/601675/Ujezd-Svateho-Krize
2. ↑ Hugo Siebenschein: Czech-German dictionary, p - ž. State Pedagogical Publishing House Prague, 1986, ISBN 80-04-25736-4 , p. 614
3. ^ Franz Liebl: Heiligenkreuz. In: Franz Liebl, Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz (Hrsg.): Our Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz. Brönner & Daentler, Eichstätt 1967, p. 321.
4. ^ Franz Liebl: Heiligenkreuz. In: Franz Liebl, Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz (Hrsg.): Our Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz. Brönner & Daentler, Eichstätt 1967, pp. 321-325.
5. ↑ Census results from December 1, 1930. In: Franz Liebl, Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz (Ed.): Our Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz. Brönner & Daentler, Eichstätt 1967, p. 882
6. ^ Franz Liebl: Heiligenkreuz. In: Franz Liebl, Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz (Hrsg.): Our Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz. Brönner & Daentler, Eichstätt 1967, p. 325.
7. ^ Franz Liebl: Heiligenkreuz. In: Franz Liebl, Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz (Hrsg.): Our Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz. Brönner & Daentler, Eichstätt 1967, p. 326.
8. ^ Franz Liebl: Heiligenkreuz. In: Franz Liebl, Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz (Hrsg.): Our Heimatkreis Bischofteinitz. Brönner & Daentler, Eichstätt 1967, p. 323.
9. ↑ http://www.heiligenkreuz-haselberg.de/Geschichtliches
10. ↑ http://www.jakobus-info.de/ultreia/tschechien.htm
11. ↑ Český les jih Turistická mapa. VKU akciová spoločnost´, Harmanec 2004
12. ↑ http://jakobswege-nach-burgund.de/Prag-Eslarn/