St. Joseph Monastery (Landshut)
The St. Joseph Monastery is an Ursuline monastery in Landshuter Neustadt in Lower Bavaria in the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising . From the long tradition of the monastery in the field of girls' education, the Ursuline Realschule, which still exists today, arose, whose sponsorship was handed over to the archdiocese in 1992.
history
The Ursuline monastery was founded in 1668 by Elector Ferdinand Maria von Bayern , a girls' school was to be built. Such had already found approval in Messkirch in Swabia. Initially, the monastery and school were housed in the former palace of the landscape president on the Oberen Länd. As early as 1671, the prince-elector personally laid the foundation stone for the new monastery buildings in the Lower Neustadt, as the old rooms had soon become too small due to the large number of visitors. The Ursuline Order financed the construction from its own resources. The monastery church of St. Joseph was consecrated in 1679, and the monastery and school buildings were occupied a year later. In the years that followed, the Ursulines enjoyed a lively influx of pupils as well as novices. That is why new foundations were established in Straubing and Innsbruck in 1691 and in Landsberg in 1719 .
In the 18th century there were usually around forty nuns in the Landshut monastery. At that time, St. Joseph was the largest pilgrimage site in the city. The miraculous image "Our Lady with the inclined head", donated in 1680 by Canon Schmiedhofer from the Martinsstift and from 1699 on the high altar of the monastery church, was the focus of this pilgrimage. The copper engravings of the miraculous image were particularly popular as souvenirs.
The monastery was preserved during the period of secularization in 1802/03 because of its beneficial work for the Landshut population, but was closed in 1809. The sisters moved to the Ursuline convent in Straubing ; However, nine teachers were commissioned to continue school lessons. Most of the monastery buildings were occupied by the military . In 1815 the church, which had been closed six years earlier, was reopened. In February 1827 the convent was officially re-established as a “school monastery” by King Ludwig I of Bavaria , and three of the sisters returned from Straubing. In 1830 a boarding school was opened, and in 1833 a secondary girls' school was opened for the first time with the “Höhere Töchterschule”. In the years that followed, the schools were expanded to include various secondary branches as well as a teacher training institute.
From 1941 the buildings were used as a military hospital , initially for prisoners of war, from 1942 also for soldiers; the church-run schools were previously prohibited. In 1945 the buildings suffered some damage and were briefly occupied by the American armed forces. In autumn, however, classes were partially resumed and an adjoining boarding school was reopened. In 1951, teaching was resumed in the grammar school. In 1953, Hohenburg Castle near Lenggries was taken over and part of the school and boarding school was moved there. In 1958 the grammar school followed and in 1963 the school in Landshut ended. In 1990 responsibility for the high school and the Realschule in Hohenburg was transferred to the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising , and in 1992 also that of the Realschule, which was still in Landshut and which today has around 900 students. In 2003 the Ursulines finished their teaching activities in the Hohenburg schools.
In October 2015 it was announced that the only 14 remaining sisters would withdraw from Landshut in summer 2016. The almost 350-year history of the Ursulines in Landshut ended on June 4, 2016 with a farewell service in the monastery church, celebrated by Auxiliary Bishop Bernhard Haßlberger . The nuns moved to a Catholic retirement home in Munich , where they will spend their old age as a community. Currently (as of July 2016) the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising is examining whether a "church education center in the spirit of the Ursulines" can and should be set up in the former monastery building in addition to the Ursuline Realschule.
description
The simple monastery complex at the lower end of the Neustadt, the so-called "Ursuline Narrow", encloses two inner courtyards. The east-facing, baroque monastery church has a semicircular closed choir under a semi-dome and a three-bay nave with a needle cap barrel . The west facade facing the Neustadt forms the visible side of the church. The church portal is flanked by Tuscan pilasters, and above the ridge there is a brick roof turret with an onion dome.
Furnishing
Of the earlier baroque high altar , only the original altarpiece by Antonio Triva remains . Two angels are depicted on it, carrying Saint Ursula into heaven with the flag of victory . Next to the altar sheet are two baroque oval pictures: on the right the founder of the order and Saint Angela Merici , on the left Franziska von Bermond, founder of several Ursuline monasteries in France. Since 1699 there is a copy of the miraculous image of the “Viennese Mother of God with the bowed head”, which forms the center of the altar. To the side of the altar are life-size angels framed in silver with symbols of the Lauretanian litany - a work by the Munich court sculptor Johann Baptist Straub around 1745.
In addition, the furnishings of the church include a figure of Mary from around 1520 in the manner of Hans Leinberger , the “Farewell Christ from Maria” by the parish sculptor Johann Jakob Bendl from 1674 and two early classical angels, which were made by the Landshut sculptor Christian Jorhan the Elder. Ä. can be attributed.
organ
The organ on the west gallery of the monastery church was built in 1980 by Ekkehard Simon from Landshut. The slider chests -instrument with mechanical play and register contracture a total of twenty Register on two manuals and pedal . Here the disposition in detail:
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- Pairing : I-II, IP, II-P
Web links
- Internet presence of the Ursuline convent in Landshut
- Kloster Sankt Joseph (Landshut) , basic data and history: Pioneers of girls' education in Bavaria in the database of monasteries in Bavaria in the House of Bavarian History
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d House of Bavarian History: Landshut, Ursuline Monastery - History . Online at www.hdbg.eu. Retrieved December 24, 2015.
- ↑ Münchner Kirchennachrichten on October 30, 2015: Ursulines leave Landshut ( Memento of the original from December 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Online at www.muenchner-kirchennachrichten.de. Retrieved December 24, 2015.
- ↑ Press office of the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising on May 31, 2016: Landshut Ursulines say goodbye . Online at www.erzbistum-muenchen.de. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
- ↑ a b Volker Liedke: Monuments in Bavaria - City of Landshut, p. 208ff. Schnell & Steiner, Munich 1988. ISBN 3-7954-1002-9 .
- ↑ Landshut, Germany (Bavaria) - Church of the Ursulines (Sankt Josefkirche) . Online at orgbase.nl. Retrieved March 22, 2016.
Coordinates: 48 ° 32 '15.9 " N , 12 ° 9' 18.3" E