St. Wiborada Monastery
The St. Wiborada Monastery , also St. Georgen Monastery or Monastery of Saint Wiborada in St. Georgen , was a monastery of the Benedictine nuns in St. Georgen (St. Gallen) , which was consecrated to St. Wiborada and which has a unique relationship with the prince abbey of St. Gallen stood by the abbot of St. Gallen ultimately also presiding over the women's convent (so-called double monastery ).
history
The Alamannic nobles Wiborada lived to 900 n. Chr. As a hermit four years with a the St. George dedicated chapel in what is now the St. Gallen district of St. Georgen before in St. Mangen their Klause moved and later on the occasion of Hungary incidence the martyrdom suffered. Her veneration as saints , which began soon after, inspired people over the centuries to spend their lives in godly solitude and contemplation . This is how various hermitages arose in both St. Mangen and St. Georgen .
By the 13th century at the latest, a community of unregulated sisters developed in St. Georgen who were called clauses . They lived together, striving to serve God and to focus entirely on him, without, however , obeying any religious rule. The prince abbey of St. Gallen soon took on the sisters and provided the confessor (pastor) in particular , but not least provided massive material support to the women's community: An extension, i.e. the construction of an actual sister house, was financed by the Benedictine monastery in 1454 and a dispute with it the mayor of St. Gallen, at whose property border the building reached, could be settled with the mediation of the abbot .
However, life in the nurses' house was very modest, if not poor, which is why there were difficulties with children. When the city of St. Gallen introduced the Reformation , the sister community was acutely threatened with extinction. The city authorities initially profaned the chapel and converted it into a workshop, but as a result of the Second Kappel Peaceful Peace , St. Georgen had to hand it over to the prince abbot. Due to the Wiler Treaty, St. Georgen fell back to the city, which had the chapel and the nurses' house torn down in 1589.
The sisters who remained with the Catholic faith survived the turmoil of the Reformation with the support of the prince monastery. The buildings were rebuilt by the prince abbey and a visitation of the papal nuncio Bonhomini, who listed numerous shortcomings such as the non-observance of the cloister and the lack of the hourly prayer , resulted in the fact that they were Benedictine anyway due to the care and inspiration of the St. Gallen monastery Understanding sister community formally adopted the Benedictine Rule in 1599 , with which the unregulated sisters became nuns.
The dean Father Ulrich Hengartner worked out the constitutions of the St. Wiborada Monastery, which has now finally been incorporated into the prince abbey . On September 8, 1696, Prince Abbot Leodegar Bürgisser raised the women's monastery to a priory . The community was now headed by a prioress and no longer just a magistra . In contrast to the mostly absolute independence of Benedictine monasteries, the St. Wiborada Monastery did not become an abbey , but remained as a dependent priory of the St. Gallen Monastery, whose abbot was also the abbot of the women's monastery. The same double monastery relationship existed between the Engelberg Benedictine Abbey and the Sarnen Benedictine Abbey , which only became an independent abbey after the move to Sarnen, and still exists between the Einsiedeln Benedictine Abbey and the Fahr Benedictine Priory . The monastery did not have extensive property, but was first and foremost maintained by the prince abbey, which guaranteed the nuns an adequate standard of living.
In 1648 the Latin breviary was introduced, in 1696 a nun's gallery was built into the church of St. Georgen, which allowed the nuns to celebrate services separately and yet together with the parishioners. In 1731 the strict, so-called papal enclosure and in 1776, perpetual adoration were introduced.
On June 3, 1834, the monastery was abolished by resolution of the Grand Council (today: Cantonal Council ). It followed the fate of the prince abbey, which had been abolished in 1805.
Valuable relics of St. Wiborada belonging to the St. Wiborada Monastery were brought to the St. Gallenberg Benedictine Monastery on the Glattburg after its abolition, in particular a valuable late Gothic reliquary bust.
In the former convent house of the Benenedictine monastery, which was equipped with a stately hipped roof in 1644, is now the St. Georgen seminary, which is dedicated to the training of people for church service.
Individual evidence
- ^ Josef Reck: St. Wiborada in St. Gallen . In: Helvetia Sacra. Dept. III: The orders with Benedictine rule. tape 1 : Early monasteries, the Benedictines in Switzerland. Francke Verlag, Berlin 1986, p. 1934 ff .
- ^ Alfred Ehrensperger: The service in St. Gallen city, monastery and prince abbot areas - before, during and after the Reformation . Theological Verlag, 2012, ISBN 978-3-290-17628-0 .
- ↑ Law collection of the canton of St. Gallen from 1803 to 1839 . First volume, p. 334-335 .
- ↑ Vroni Krucker: The monastery Glattburg and the Holy Wiborada. (No longer available online.) Infowilplus, archived from the original on November 7, 2017 ; Retrieved November 3, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ FACADES OF THE ST GEORGEN SEMINAR REFURBISHED. In: St. Galler Nachrichten. November 21, 2015, accessed March 1, 2020 .
- ^ Diocese of St. Gallen: St. Georgen seminar. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on November 7, 2017 ; Retrieved November 3, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
