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Jõelähtme Municipality, Harju County, Estonia
Historic stone bridge in Kostifer

Kostivere ( German  Kostifer ) is a small Estonian town in the Jõelähtme municipality and belongs to the Harju district . It is located on the Kostiferschen River about 20 km east of Tallinn and has about 733 inhabitants. The former Kostifer and the surrounding small villages are known for their manors and manors , where some noble families from the Estonian knighthood lived.

history

The name of the village developed from Kostæueræ (1241) via Cosiuere (1379), Kostevere (1424) to Kostifer (1822). The first settlement, consisting of 6 plow lands, was built by the Danes and was ruled by its owner Conraduse. In 1379 the number of courtyards decreased and in 1636 it reached its smallest collection of 3 courtyards. In 1720 the village received a mill and in 1744 the village was incorporated into the Jõelähtme municipality. The manor house, which was built in 1379, was taken over by the Birgitten in the middle of the 16th century . Before the Northern War still four families lived in 1698 in and around Kostivere, the overall farmland worked by 13 Plow countries. By 1716, through the takeover of the estate and the management of the "landlords on Kostifer", the number of residents increased to over 200 people. By the middle of the 18th century the population had increased to 400 and the arable land had expanded to 24 hectares . The place now had three inns , a water mill and two mansions with the adjoining outbuildings and residential buildings. The farmsteads Ilgas, Loo, Parrasmae, Rannakülla, Rebbala and Wainjala were additional goods from Kostifer. The age of industrialization also led to economic changes in this small town, the expansion of agriculture to include potato plantings, the expansion of livestock farming and the restructuring of farms from agriculture to pasture land created new jobs and attracted more people to the land. By the middle of the 20th century, the place had grown to almost 1,000 residents. The economic boom came from the owners of the manor houses. Between 1750 and 1890 Kostifer, as it was now called, was owned by the German-Baltic aristocratic von Brevern family , previously the estate was owned by the von Hastfer and von Gernet families, and from 1913 to 1939 the Kostifer estate was then owned by the family by Dehn. After the Soviet occupation in 1941, Kostivere, as it was now called again, was restructured into a sovkhoz and during the German occupation the estate was once again used as a mansion. In 1945 the place was again transformed into the Kostivere state estate . Several new buildings and conversions followed, the mansions were partially converted into residential houses and the image of the place soon resembled a typical Soviet rural settlement. After the collapse of Soviet rule, new concepts began to be implemented, the population was 733 in 2009 and the place is one of the up-and-coming projects in the region.

The two-storey early classicist main building erected in the 1770s was rebuilt in the 19th century and rebuilt in a modified form after the fire in 1905. The Kostivere manor house is now in the possession of a doctor who runs a medical practice there.

Personalities

Coat of arms of the von Brevern (left) and von Staël Holstein (right) on the manor house in Kostevere

Heinrich Johann von Brevern (* 1749 † 1803 in Kostifer) married Anna Elisabeth Staël von Holstein (* 1753 in Reval; † 1824 ibid ) in 1771 , they lived on the Kostifer manor, where their descendants were born:

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Compare also: hooves ; Plow land is a unit of measurement for arable land, originally large hooves, which is worked with an eight-horse plow. Plowed land . In: Heidelberg Academy of Sciences (Hrsg.): German legal dictionary . tape 10 , issue 7/8 (edited by Heino Speer and others). Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 2000, ISBN 3-7400-0988-8 ( adw.uni-heidelberg.de ).
  2. ^ The Gernets of Europe ( Memento from September 11, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ from Dehen. In: Association of the Baltic Knighthood - Family Associations
  4. ^ David Feest: Forced collectivization in the Baltic States: the Sovietization of the Estonian village 1944–1953 . In: Contributions to the history of Eastern Europe . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar 2007, ISBN 3-412-06706-7 ( limited preview in the Google book search).

Coordinates: 59 ° 26 '  N , 25 ° 6'  E