Kraftwerke Freital AG
The power plants Freital AG was in Döhlen Basin operating power company based in the Saxon town of Freital . It emerged from a municipal association for the operation of a power station in Plauenschen Grund , existed from 1923 to 1948 as a stock corporation and is a predecessor of today's municipal energy supplier for the city of Freital, Freitaler Stadtwerke GmbH.
history
Community association
The forerunner of Kraftwerke Freital AG was the “Community Association of Electricity Works for Plauen reason in Deuben”. This was founded on September 9, 1896 by the communities of Deuben , Potschappel , Niederhäslich , Hainsberg and Coschütz on the occasion of the construction of the power station for the Plauen reason . The first power station in the region was built according to the decision of the later municipal association on June 12, 1895 and started operations in August 1896. The location of the power station was Deuben, the network of the community association initially comprised 25 transformer stations with 51 transformers. By 1900 the supply area was expanded to Coßmannsdorf , Döhlen , Eckersdorf , Niederpesterwitz , Rabenau , Saalhausen , Somsdorf , Tharandt , Unterweißig and Weißig . The increase in the demand for electricity and the expansion of the grid also led to the continuous expansion of the electricity company's capacity.
By 1920, many other communities joined the supply area, it now extended to Wurgwitz , around Hartha and Wilsdruff . A total of 38 communities were supplied in 1920. In addition to lighting, electricity generation for the Plauensche Grundbahn and the emerging industrial companies in the region, also in connection with the First World War , came to the fore. The expansion of the power station in Deuben no longer turned out to be sensible. The existing systems were modernized and their effectiveness increased. Instead, from 1910 onwards, the community association concentrated on building hydropower plants along the Roter and Wilder Weißeritz. In 1912 the Rabenauer Grund hydropower plant (substation I, later “Rudeltwerk”) and in 1914 the Malter (substation II) and Klingenberg (substation III) hydropower plants together with the two dams were put into operation. The electricity generated in these plants was conducted via underground cables to Coßmannsdorf and from there to the Deuben plant, known as the "main plant" from that time on.
- preserved hydropower plants
Rabenauer reason
Malter
Klingenberg
Tharandt
A survey from 1920 produced the following data on the power grid:
- Supply area: 38 municipalities, 12,675 electricity customers
- Lighting: 82,095 incandescent lamps, 397 arc lamps
- Other devices: 1,506 electric motors, 180 irons, 178 bell systems, 94 fans, 79 heaters and hotplates, 15 medical devices, 13 cameras
- Electricity production: 10,250 MWh
- Connection power : 11,280 kW, of which 2,865 kW luminous flux 7,760 kW three-phase and 655 kW DC for Plauensche subway
Conversion into a stock corporation
From the First World War onwards, the state pushed ahead with the regulation and nationalization of the energy supply in Saxony. The community association considered a departure from the community economy and a participation in the 1923 founded stock company Sächsische Werke (ASW). So on October 2, 1923, Kraftwerke Freital AG was founded, which owned the main and three substations. In 1921 Deuben, Döhlen and Potschappel merged to form the town of Freital.
In 1925 Kraftwerke Freital AG took over the network of the Höckendorf Electricity Association and joined the community of Grillenburg . The connected load increased to 17,930 kW. A year later, the Tharandt hydropower plant , known as substation IV, went into operation. By 1929, the power station for the Plauen reason was shut down. A year earlier, a transformer station had been built next door, which obtained the electricity via two 20 kV cables from the ASW's Niederwartha pumped storage plant and fed it into the Freital network. In 1930 Kraftwerke Freital AG took over the Seifersdorf hydropower station .
The network of the AG was characterized as follows in 1937:
- Lines: 210 km high voltage, 607 km low voltage
- Electricity production: 65.5 million kWh, of which 14.5 million kWh are generated by the hydropower plants
Another substation was put into operation on Birkierter Strasse in Freital in 1939, and in 1943 it was replaced by a more powerful one a few meters further. During the Second World War , the power grid of Kraftwerke Freital AG was hardly damaged, and the demand for electricity was very high in the immediate post-war years. The result was network overloads and power cuts, exacerbated by the drought in 1947, which reduced the capacity utilization of the hydropower plants.
With retroactive effect to July 1, 1948, Kraftwerke Freital AG was expropriated and, like the entire ASW, transferred to the Energy District East . The company was not taken over until 1949.
Successor to Kraftwerke Freital AG
After several restructuring measures in the early 1950s, the network belonged to VEB Energieversorgung Dresden from 1954, from 1970 to VEB Energiekombinat Ost and from 1980 to VEB Energiekombinat Dresden. Within the Freital site there were the master areas of operation, construction of cables and stations, hydropower plants and substations.
After the fall of the Wall , the city of Freital founded Freitaler Power Supply GmbH on January 1, 1995 and took over the city network from Energieversorgung Sachsen Ost AG (ESAG), which had emerged from the Energiekombinat . A year later, the gas operating systems were also taken over by Gasversorgung Sachsen Ost (GASO), and Freitaler Power Supply GmbH operated as Freitaler Strom- und Gasversorgung GmbH until 2000, as Freitaler Strom + Gas GmbH since 2000 and as Freitaler Stadtwerke GmbH since 2020.
literature
- Peter Boenke: Gas and Power Supply in Freital 1828–2003. An outline of the story . Ed .: Freitaler Strom + Gas GmbH. Freital 2003.
Web links
- Early documents and newspaper articles on Kraftwerke Freital AG in the 20th century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .