Carniolan lily
| Carniolan lily | ||||||||||||
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Lilium carniolicum |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Lilium carniolicum | ||||||||||||
| Bernh. ex Mert. & WDJKoch |
The Carniolan lily ( Lilium carniolicum ) is a species from the genus of lilies ( Lilium ) in the Liriotypus section (Candidum section) . It is very rare and can only be found in Carinthia in German-speaking countries .
description
The Carniolan lily is a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches stature heights of 50 to 100 centimeters, the egg-shaped to round, yellowish onion is 6 centimeters tall when fully grown.
From spring onwards, the plant forms a hairless stem with purple spots in the lower part. It is dense with alternate arranged, upright protruding lancet leaves occupied that are up to 8 centimeters long, the leaf margin is just like the Vein of the leaf underside papillous ciliated.
In May to July a panicle appears with one, occasionally up to six, unpleasant-smelling, hanging flowers. The inverted lanceolate, up to 5 centimeters long bracts are strongly bent back. The color is light vermilion to fiery red, the ground too darkly dotted and papilous . A nectar gutter is available. The anthers are saffron yellow, the stylus club-shaped.
The fruit is a 3 to 4 centimeters long, blunt-edged capsule containing up to 6 mm long seeds germinate sofortig- in direct sowing hypogeous , otherwise verzögert- epigeal . The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
Distribution / habitat
The Carniolan Lily can be found from Italy and Austria to the former Yugoslavia. It is not at home in Germany or Switzerland. In Austria it occurs only in Carinthia in the Karawanken and on the Dobratsch . It is rare here and is under full legal protection. It is often found in the southeastern Alpine region and in the Dinaric Mountains , where it can be found particularly in the Karawanken, Julian Alps and the Trieste Karst .
The Carniolan Lily loves chalk and grows on rocky slopes, dry, stony meadows and rock rubble in the montane to subalpine altitude range , usually between 1800 and 2000 meters, occasionally up to 220 meters down or up to 2400 meters upwards. It can be found there in depressions in which moisture and humus have collected.
Systematics
The Carniolan lily was first described by Franz Karl Mertens and Wilhelm Daniel Joseph Koch in 1837 , the scientific name was coined by Johann Jakob Bernhardi and is a Latinized form of Carniola , the home of the species, to which the common name also refers.
As part of a systematically difficult to resolve group of mostly south-eastern European species, their systematic position was repeatedly controversial, numerous other subspecies, varieties and forms have been described and often placed with other species or classified as separate species ( e.g. Lilium ponticum , Lilium jankae , Lilium bosniacum and Lilium albanicum ). It was classified as a variety of the Maritime Alps lily by Adriano Fiori in 1896 and as a subspecies of the Pyrenees lily by Victoria Matthews in 1984 . All of their sub-taxas are no longer accepted today. Molecular genetic investigations underpinned both the independence of the species itself and that of the taxa, which were previously regarded as a subspecies.
proof
- Gustav Hegi : Illustrated Flora of Central Europe Vol. 2, Part 2, pp. 238–239
- Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
- Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive (CD-Rom), Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2001/2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6
- Mark Wood: Lily Species - Notes and Images. CD-ROM, version of July 13, 2006
Individual evidence
Most of the information in this article has been taken from the sources given under references; the following sources are also cited:
- ↑ E. Muratovic, et al .: Does Lilium bosniacum merit species rank? A classical and molecular-cytogenetic analysis. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution, 252: 97-109 (2005)
- ↑ I. Resetnik, Z. Liber, Z. Satovic, P. Cigic, T. Nikolic: Molecular phylogeny and systematics of the Lilium carniolicum group (Liliaceae) based on nuclear ITS sequences. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution, 265: 45–58 (2007)
- ↑ Nursel Ikinci, Christoph Oberprieler, Adil Güner: On the origin of European lilies: phylogenetic analysis of Lilium section Liriotypus (Liliaceae) using sequences of the nuclear ribosomal transcribed spacers In: Willdenowia 36, 2006, pp. 647-656. DOI: 10.3372 / wi.36.36201
