Lainbach (Loisach)

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Lainbach
Timber structures in the Schmiedlaine above the Lainbach

Timber structures in the Schmiedlaine above the Lainbach

Data
Water code DE : 16292
location Kocheler Mountains

Bavaria

River system Danube
Drain over Loisach  → Isar  → Danube  → Black Sea
origin Confluence of the Schmiedlaine and Kotlaine :

Northwest of the Benediktenwand half way to Benediktbeuern
47 ° 41 ′ 7 ″  N , 11 ° 26 ′ 38 ″  E
Source of the Tiefentalgraben :
at the northern foot of the Glenner Berg at the Tiefentalalm of Wackersberg
47 ° 39 ′ 51 ″  N , 11 ° 28 ′ 36 ″  O

Source height approx.  1258  m above sea level NHN 
source of the Sattelbach
approx.  750  m above sea level NHN confluence of the Kotlaine / Schmiedlaine
muzzle approx. 3.5 km west-southwest of Benediktbeuern from the right into the Loisach coordinates: 47 ° 41 '42 "  N , 11 ° 22' 8"  E 47 ° 41 '42 "  N , 11 ° 22' 8"  E
Mouth height 597  m above sea level NHN
Height difference approx. 661 m
Bottom slope for the entire line Tiefentalgraben → Sattelbachgraben → Sattelbach → Kotlaine → Lainbach : 51 ‰
length 13 km 
for the entire route Tiefentalgraben → Sattelbachgraben → Sattelbach → Kotlaine → Lainbach
approx. 8.2 km
from the confluence of the Kotlaine / Schmiedlaine rivers
Catchment area 30.78 km²
Driftwood rake at the gorge exit before Ried

Driftwood rake at the gorge exit before Ried

The Lainbach , locally also Loanboch (from Bavarian. Loan , which means melt), is a mountain stream in the Bavarian Prealps . It begins northwest of the Benediktenwand and flows into the Loisach at Benediktbeuern as a right tributary . Because of special flood hazard it is technically complex built .

geography

course

The Lainbach begins as the confluence of the Schmiedlaine and the Kotlaine in a gorge-like valley (Lainbachtal) at 750  m above sea level. NHN , on the so-called "whole water", west of the Söldneralm ( 809  m above sea level ), in the municipality of Benediktbeuern . The brook runs, deeply cut in the Lainbachtal, first in a north-westerly direction, accompanied by hiking trail 456, until it leaves the valley after about three kilometers at the wayside shrine at Mariabrunn. Here the course changes to the west, first passing the village of Gschwendt, which belongs to Benediktbeuern, and shortly afterwards Ried .

Both places are on the alluvial cone of the stream, east of the Loisach-Kochelsee moor . In earlier times the Lainbach meandered through both settlements. In the local area of ​​Ried, it passes under the federal highway 11 and the Tutzing-Kochel railway line and takes in the Pessenbach in the Loisach-Kochelsee moor, before it rises to 597  m above sea level after a total stretch of around eight kilometers . NHN flows into the Loisach . The Lainbach runs along its entire length in a forest belt which, until the flood protection barriers were built in the early 1990s, was formed as a riparian forest in the lower reaches of the creek.

Today's municipality of Benediktbeuern with the largest share of the catchment area and with the village of Gschwendt am Lauf carried the name Laingruben until November 29, 1865, with the same designation as Lainbach and Lainbach; then it was renamed after the Benediktbeuern monastery that had existed in the community for a long time .

Tributaries

Hierarchical list of the tributaries from the origin to the mouth. Selection. The higher streams often flow together from source streams that uniformly bear the name of the lower course; in such cases there was usually no itemization.

  • Kotlaine , right upper course
    • Sattelbach or Sattelbachgraben, right upper course; arises at the Tiefentalam
      • Sattelbachgraben, from the right
        • Tiefentalgraben, from the left of the Tiefentalalm under the Hennenkopf
      • Tuff ditch, from the right of the Buchensteiner Kopf
    • Kreuzgraben (!), Left upper course from the Brandenberger hut
    • Litter pit, from the right of the Buchensteiner Kopf
    • Cross ditch (!), From the left
    • Kreuzgraben (!), From the left in front of the Söldneralm
    • Marrow moat, from the left
    • Haseleckgraben, from the right towards the farmer's hut just before the confluence with the Schmiedlaine
  • Schmiedlaine , left upper course; is created on the north slope of the glass wall
    • Schwarzenbachgraben, from the left of the saddle between Gemskopf and Schwarzenbergkopf
    • Eibelsbach, from the right of the Eibelskopf
    • Kohlstattgraben, from the left from the Rotmoos
    • Schaftelsgraben, from the right of the Gurneck
    • Rostgraben, from the left
    • Tanndlgraben, from the left
  • Markgraben , from the right of the Windpäßelkopf
  • Steingraben , of the right of Windpäßelkopf
  • Turning ditch, from the left
  • Perlsgraben , from the left under the insulated houses on the Wurzweg in Gschwendt
  • Mühlbach, from the right at the street Am Weidach von Gschwendt; goes right down below the previous one
    • Dig, from the right
  • Pessenbach , from the left of the Pessenbacher Schneid saddle above the Orterer Alm
    • Gemskopfgraben, from the right of the Gemskopf
    • Schwarzenberggraben, from the right of the saddle between Gemskopf and Schwarzenbergkopf
    • Kreuzgraben, from the right of the northern foot of the Schwarzenbergkopf
    • Läusberggraben, from the right of the Dachsenberg
    • Gschwendgraben, from the right opposite the village of Pessenbach
    • Schwaigbach, from the right of the lower slope of the Rieder Vorberg
      • Bannholzgraben, from the right of the lower slope of the Rieder Vorberg
      • Etzgraben, from the right of the northern slope of the Rieder Vorberg
    • Enzenbach, from the right; arises in the village of Ried from its upper reaches
      • Mühlgraben, right upper course
      • Mühlgraben, left upper course

Flood events and construction

The Lainbach drains an area of ​​around 20 square kilometers with numerous steep slopes and can show extreme flood peaks after thunderstorms. On the one hand, the erosion cracks in the rear Lainbachtal, where numerous small streams cut the mighty ice age loose rock deposits, on the other hand, the erosion-prone steep slopes of the flysch zone in the entire Lainbachtal repeatedly lead to landslides and debris, especially during heavy rain events. The first construction of the Lainbach is known for the year 1886, 1911 began systematic measures for erosion and flood protection. There were minor floods in Ried after thunderstorms in 1958 and 1966, a bridge was destroyed and the dam in the local area was damaged. In the 1970s and 1980s, the canyon area was rehabilitated, and in 1983 the dam was reinforced and designed to discharge 65 cubic meters of water per second.

On June 30, 1990, a flood occurred with a discharge of around 210 cubic meters per second. Driftwood from the winter storms Vivian and Wiebke in the late winter of 1990 caused blockages on the bridges in Ried and subsequently large-scale flooding in the town, which caused property damage equivalent to around 1.75 million euros. From 1992 to 2002, therefore, extensive flood protection measures were implemented for 7.2 million euros . Among other things, the brook bed was designed by deepening and widening to a drainage of 110 cubic meters. At the exit of the gorge, the water management authority erected a driftwood rake from a V-shaped formation of 28 steel pillars, which are intended to hold back tree trunks and prevent the bridges from becoming blocked.

Ten information boards from the water management office, which form an educational trail along the hiking trail from Ried to the Söldneralm, provide information about the special features of mountain streams and flood protection on the Lainbach . The nature trail was set up in 1996, and the boards were renewed and updated in 2017.

Citizenship decision 2018

To expand an existing industrial area on the southern outskirts, the community of Benediktbeuern planned to clear and build around 3 hectares of the Lainbachwald west of federal highway 11. Resistance arose in the form of the BI Lainbachwald , which prevented the implementation of the plans through a referendum in June 2018.

Individual evidence

BayernAtlas ("BA")

Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Course and catchment area of ​​the Lainbach
General introduction without default settings and layers: BayernAtlas of the Bavarian State Government ( notes )

  1. ↑ a b c Height requested on the background layer Official map (right click).
  2. ↑ Length measured on the official map background layer .

Water directory Bavaria ("GV")

  1. ↑ Length according to: List of brook and river areas in Bavaria - Isar river area, page 28 of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment, as of 2016 (PDF; 2.5 MB) (number of pages may change.). Queryed on December 5, 2019.
  2. ↑ Catchment area according to: Directory of stream and river areas in Bavaria - Isar river area, page 28 of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment, as of 2016 (PDF; 2.5 MB) (number of pages may change.). Queryed on December 5, 2019.

Others

  1. ↑ Lainbach educational path has been restored , Sueddeutsche.de on April 14, 2017
  2. ^ Klaus Schieder: Lainbachwald remains . In: www.sueddeutsche.de . June 10, 2018, ISSN  0174-4917 ( sueddeutsche.de [accessed on August 16, 2018]).

literature

  • Klaus Wagner: Natural hazard awareness and communication using the example of flash floods and landslides in four municipalities in the Bavarian Alpine region , Freising-Weihenstephan 2004

Web links

Commons : Lainbach (Loisach)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files