Long-leaved rabbit ear

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Long-leaved rabbit ear
Long-leaved rabbit ear (Bupleurum longifolium)

Long-leaved rabbit ear ( Bupleurum longifolium )

Systematics
Euasterids II
Order : Umbelliferae (Apiales)
Family : Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)
Subfamily : Apioideae
Genre : Rabbit ears ( bupleurum )
Type : Long-leaved rabbit ear
Scientific name
Bupleurum longifolium
L.
Long-leaved rabbit's ear ( inflorescence with unripe fruits)

The long-leaved hare's ear ( Bupleurum longifolium ), also known as the forest hare's ear , is an umbelliferous to rare occurrence in Central Europe .

description

The perennial herbaceous plant is about 30 to 100 cm high. Sometimes it dies after the first seed ripening. One or more shoot axes can develop per plant . The upright, stalk-round, whitish-green or greenish-red stems are branched in the upper area, rarely the branching already forms in the lower part of the stem axis. The leaves are veined and have a middle nerve. Towards the edge there are arched, reticulate side nerves that dissolve. The lower leaves are narrowed into a sheath-shaped petiole. The middle and upper ones are seated and embrace the stem with a deep heart-shaped base.

The umbels are usually 5 to 8-rayed and have long-stalked, loosely standing umbels with 3 to 5 bracts. The 5 to 8 husk leaves are as long or longer than the döldchen. Their bracts are shorter than the fruit stalks and fruits. The petals are colored golden yellow.

The fruit is almost black, about 3 to 4 mm long and has little protruding ribs.

The flowering period extends from July to October.

The species has chromosome number 2n = 16.

Distribution and location requirements

The long-leaved rabbit ear grows in southern, central and eastern Europe, in central Asia, Siberia, in Mongolia and in Xinjiang . In Central Europe it occurs in the subspecies Bupleurum longifolium subsp. longifolium . It penetrates from southern England to southern Europe and the Carpathian Mountains and colonizes altitudes of 400 to 2000 meters. Its populations in Austria and Switzerland are scattered or rare, and in some areas it is considered endangered. Bupleurum longifolium occurs in Germany in the center and in the south scattered or rarely. It is also very rare to find it in the Allgäu and Berchtesgaden Alps, where it rises up to 1800 m above sea ​​level , in the Tyrolean part of the Allgäu Alps at Schartschrofen up to 1870 sea level.

Bupleurum longifolium grows in mixed deciduous forest communities , beech forests , on forest edges, in bushes and tall herbaceous areas. It prefers more or less fresh, nutrient-rich, mostly calcareous, clayey or loamy soils.

It is a character species of the association rabbit ear- laser herb- hem ( Bupleuro longifolii-Laserpitetum latifolii ) in the association of thermophilic fringing societies ( Geranion sanguinei ). This montane fringe society stretches in high elevations from the Swabian Alb to the Steigerwald . In addition to the eponymous character species broad-leaved laser herb and long-leaved hare's ear, forest scabious , mountain thistle , blue-green sedge , forest cranesbill , hare lettuce , great beaver and ox-eye determine the image of the association. Within the order of Nordic-subalpine tall herbaceous meadows ( Adenostyletalia ) it occurs in societies of the associations subalpine green alder bushes and tall herbaceous meadows ( adenostylion ) and subalpine high grass meadows, subalpine riding grass lawns ( Calamagrostion arundinaceae ).

Systematics

In Europe, two subspecies can be distinguished:

  • Bupleurum longifolium subsp. longifolium
  • Bupleurum longifolium subsp. aureum (Hoffm.) Soó (Syn .: Bupleurum aureum Hoffm. ): It occurs in European Russia and in Siberia. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.
  • Bupleurum longifolium subsp. vapincense (Vill.) Todor (Syn .: Bupleurum vapincense Vill. ): The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.

Related species

A related species is the sickle-leaved rabbit's ear ( Bupleurum falcatum ).

literature

  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • O. Sebald, S. Seybold, G. Philippi: The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg , Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3314-8
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria. Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer . Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • August Binz , Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland , Schwabe & Co. AG, Basel, 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora , Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3
  • Thomas Gaskell Tutin : Bupleurum L. In: Thomas Gaskell Tutin u. a .: Flora Europaea . Volume 2, pages 345-350. Cambridge University Press 1968.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Bupleurum longifolium at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  2. ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 706 .
  3. ↑ Entry Bupleurum longifolium at Flore Alpes (fr.)
  4. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 269.
  5. ↑ Heinrich E. Weber: Bushes, hedges, herb edges. Ulmer Verlag 2003, ISBN 3-8001-4163-9 , p. 180 f.
  6. ↑ Betulo-Adenostyletea Lexikon der Biologie, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag

Web links

Commons : Long-leaved rabbit-ear  album with pictures, videos and audio files