Long wave transmitter Lahti
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Long wave transmitter Lahti
Lahden radioasema
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| Basic data | |||
| Place: | Lahti | ||
| Maakunta: | Päijät-Häme | ||
| Country: | Finland | ||
| Coordinates: 60 ° 58 ′ 45.8 " N , 25 ° 38 ′ 50.6" E | |||
| Use: | Radio station , museum | ||
| Accessibility: | Broadcasting system accessible to the public | ||
| Data on the transmission system | |||
| Number of towers / masts: | 2 | ||
| Height of the towers / masts : | 150 m | ||
| Construction time: | 1927 | ||
| Operating time: | 1928-1993 | ||
| Last modification (antenna) : | www | ||
| Last modification (transmitter) : | 1990 | ||
| Waveband : | LW transmitter | ||
| Position map | |||
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The Lahti longwave transmitter is a long wave - transmitting plant of the Finnish public broadcaster Yleisradio (YLE) about 100 km northeast of the capital Helsinki in Lahti . This long-wave transmitter was in operation from 1928 to 1993 and is now a radio museum . The masts that characterize the cityscape of Lahti are a local landmark .
history
The long-wave transmitter Lahti was built almost exactly one year after YLE was founded between September 24 and November 26, 1927 by the company Hein, Lehmann & Co. from Berlin . As in many other countries, long-wave transmitters were the first broadcast stations to go into operation in Finland .
He used a T-antenna as a transmitting antenna , which was stretched between two 150 m high freestanding steel lattice towers over a length of 316 m and was first put into operation on April 22, 1928. The first transmission frequency was 167 kHz , the first transmitter with 40 kW transmission power (initially only operated with 25 kW for reasons of economy) came from Telefunken from what was then the German Empire .
With the Lucerne Wave Plan of 1932, which came into force in 1934, the frequency was corrected to 166 kHz, but from 1935 Lahti unfortunately had the strongest radio station in the world as a neighbor on the scale with " Moscow Comintern " at 172 kHz . The four Marconi transmitters with 150 kW each ordered in Great Britain in 1939 were not delivered due to the winter war against the Soviet Union and the Continuation War as part of the Second World War .
The performance of all systems of Yleisradio was in 1939 a general international development increased following so Lahti 150 kW, Turku 40 kW and Viipuri (now Vyborg could have) 20 kW. From 1943 Kuopio broadcast with 30 kW and Rovaniemi joined the network with 15 kW, when German troops had set up their own transmitter here and also broadcast programs in Finnish .
At the beginning of the winter war of 1940 , which the Soviet Union deliberately triggered, the Lahti station was occupied by jammers by Moscow , which followed the programs like a shadow. The Soviet propaganda in Finnish and the regular Finnish program from Helsinki carried out their own war on the long-wave scale around the frequency of Lahti, which was no less bitter than that of the respective soldiers on the front .
In order to bypass the Soviet jamming transmitters, which were later moved closer to the Finnish border, a system was developed in Lahti that allowed the long-wave transmitter to change frequency immediately when the counterprogram from the Soviet Union was discovered. However, contrary to originally thought, this was not so well received at the front because the signal showed too much fading and was thus more difficult to receive.
According to the following incident after the end of the winter war in 1940: When the Soviet delegation arrived at the Lahti station for the peace negotiations, they wanted to know how the sudden change from the nominal frequency was made possible. When she was shown the appropriate equipment with an old gramophone and some electrical switches and cables , she didn't want to ask any more questions.
From 1938 to 1949 Lahti had 4 shortwave transmitters with 100 kW each, in addition to the rather large but never particularly high-powered long-wave transmitters , which from 1939 onwards broadcast programs mainly in the direction of the United States . This provisional arrangement ended, however, with the dismantling of the four KW systems when YLE had the transmission location Pori on the west coast expanded into a shortwave transmission center alongside the medium-wave transmitters operated here .
In 1950 the station Lahti was referred to the other end of the LW scale with 254 kHz as part of the Copenhagen wave plan of 1948, which disadvantaged the war-losing states. The transmitter, which last worked on 252 kHz from 1990 onwards, had two 100 kW transmitter units each since 1953 and had a total of 200 kW and, due to the favorable propagation conditions over the Baltic Sea , could be received in northern Germany , especially in the evening hours .
The long-wave transmitter Lahti was shut down on March 31, 1993 after Yleisradio decided to stop broadcasting radio programs on long-wave.
Todays use
Today the system has been used as a radio museum since it was shut down in 1993 , with the two red and white towers still standing and representing a local landmark that defines the cityscape .
Former frequencies
- 1928-1934: 167 kHz
- 1934-1946: 166 kHz
- 1946-1950: 160 kHz
- 1950-1990: 254 kHz
- 1990-1993: 252 kHz
Remarks
- ↑ This happened despite the attempts by France to get 166 kHz for the Paris station - which was only possible years later with 162 kHz for the Allouis station .
- ↑ Due to the Winter War and the Continuation War, the Olympic Winter Games planned for 1940 in Lahti could not take place.
- ↑ Ottringham in England took over the frequency of 166 kHz, which had been established in 1934, and Lahti had to share 160 kHz with Brașov in Romania.
See also
- Broadcasting center Pori
- Long wave transmitter
- Medium wave transmitter
- Shortwave transmitter
- List of known transmitters