Lauterbad
The climatic health resort Lauterbad is part of the Dietersweiler district of Freudenstadt in the Black Forest . It is located two kilometers south of Freudenstadt and has around 150 inhabitants.
history
Origin of name
The place name Lauterbad, which appears for the first time in 1721 when the Lauterbad estate was founded, is composed of the basic word bath and the name of the water body Lauter. The designation »bath« indicates the presence of bathing facilities, ie a “bath house”, which was looked after by a lifeguard, and allows conclusions to be drawn about the quality of the water - pure, clear water, which has both a healing effect and a a certain content of dissolved minerals is said to be.
“Louder” - as a determination - is to be understood in the sense of “pure”, although this could refer to the water quality. Lauter could also refer to the immediate surroundings, for example in the sense of friendly, sunny and fertile. When Gut Lauterbad was founded in 1721, there were already a few houses there. However, it cannot have been many, because in 1837 there were only 11 buildings in total.
Foundation of the Lauterbad
Christoph Wilhelm Dietrich founded Gut Lauterbad in 1721. Christoph Wilhelm was born in 1689 near Bayreuth as the son of pastor Georg Wilhelm Dietrich (1654–1718); Two brothers also took up this profession, the younger one worked in the Württemberg regional church, most recently in Erkenbrechtsweiler near Nürtingen .
The gifted middle son was allowed to study law and then became a regional and court court advocate in Bayreuth in 1712 . After he had acquired the title of licentiate in law in 1714 , his father married Euphrosine Christine Huber (1692–1740) in Emtmannsberg .
In 1719 he also became the rent chamber procurator ; as such he often had to negotiate with foreign courts. Since he was also responsible for the supervision of the state works, he also had to do in Christophstal . He got to know the healing springs that have been advertised for sale for several years, including the adjacent Schöllkopfwald , which has been largely desolate since a forest fire (1705) , from his own perspective and grasped the favorable opportunity to create a "knightly good" here.
On March 22nd, 1721 - the settlement's birthday - the purchase contract was signed for the “so-called Lautertal, consisting of three springs that are useful for opening and healing all damage, including the right to build a bathing establishment and the buildings necessary for a courtyard. In it, guests can dine and serve drinks, butcher and bake, all free of charge and tax. Also the permission to rebuild where there used to be a stately mill that had burned down next to the bathtub. "
The Freudenstadt Forestry Office supplied construction and firewood . He was also allowed to graze 12 head of cattle together with the Dietersweiler herd in the forest parts of Brand and Münchelen. At the end of June 1721, the new property was measured.
But before this was fully established, the man had an accident and remained in custody in distant Mömpelgard for years “for falsifications, breach of trust in office and unauthorized, defiant behavior”. Finally free again, he lost important privileges under the new duke and had to deal with the administration and forestry department until his death in 1741 to maintain the rest.
The settlement arises
After returning from Mömpelgard, Dietrich enfeoffed seven subjects with inheritance in 1733. The next year, when he asked the new duke for resurrection, he named five “little houses” with barns and a sawmill in addition to the bathhouse with barn and basement house. In 1740 five Fronggutlein are mentioned, with three households in one house. The names of these first colonists or backers can still be almost completely brought together: Adam Kohler, Michel Zürn, Philipp Moser, Georg Graf and Jakob Eichhirn .
But there were also a few people staying there - all in all a mixed-up society that was initially not welcomed by the long-time residents of the neighboring towns. But the Dornstetter bailiff defended them: “They are legal people, they feed themselves sourly by burning coal and chopping. Nobody goes begging, although there is an assessor there who ever goes out to Rodt in the winter. "
During his father's long-term imprisonment (1724–1731), his children, in addition to mostly daughters who died young, two sons, had a difficult youth. When he asked in Stuttgart whether Lauterbad should be leased for six or nine years, the Dornstätter Vogt Bühler added in 1724:
“The property is of a poor quality, more when it is completely gone and spoiled. There is a lack of sensible management and resources. Neither the existing woman nor her appointed administrator named Kade knows whether one of them or the servants have to give orders; she claims the violence as a dominatrix, he contradicts as an administrator appointed by Dominus and says that she does not understand it after all. The received (servants) do not want to be persuaded because they are badly paid, and in general, everything lives in discord. The poor children, whose best food is Haberbrei (oats) mixed with clapboard, and black buttons, suffer from hunger and want, they have no opportunity to attend church or schools. "
The great-grandson Georg Friedrich Dieterich, a raft owner
Under this Georg Friedrich, as he signed, a new era began for Lauterbad as well. The young kingdom abolished the last old privileges. The bathing operation continued, but finally took a back seat, even if bathers continued to visit the springs for a long time, although the new spring investigations in 1831 had determined that the water was very pure but did not contain any minerals. For this, the forest and the timber trade now became important after the price of raft wood had quadrupled within a few decades.
In 1804, the young landlord got his partner Christine (1786–1856) from the wealthy farm farmer and raftsman Johann Georg Trick in Honweiler near Peterzell . Soon there was new prosperity in Lauterbad. A stately guest house was built for the bathers - today the only remaining witness of its former glory. Artists were brought in. They created pretty photos of the house and remarkable stone carvings, and portraits of the couple were also painted. First of all, the data on her numerous children. Of the total of 15, nine died in their childhood years, the others all got married.
With so many children it is understandable that the landlord campaigned for a school for Lauterbad. From 1813 onwards, the provisional Joh. Georg Ruoff from Haiterbach taught 14 children here until he became permanent in Tumlingen in 1823 . What came next remained unclear. Not until 1843 was there a report that the Lauterbad School Association had a private teacher for 18 children. The classroom was in house 10. In 1828, on the occasion of a revision of the district division, the timber merchant Dieterich applied for Lauterbad to be released from the high Freudenstadt poor contribution.
The settlement in the 19th century and continues
The most important source for this was the primary cadastre created in 1837 with a description of the 11 buildings standing at that time, whose house numbers are also entered in the official map series that was published at the same time.
House 3: Joh. Georg Steiner and his second wife Eva Walter were already sitting here, their daughter Anna Maria married the day laborer Joh. Frei, who came from Untermusbach in 1793 . In 1819 this couple sold their house and estate to Jakob Appenzeller. When the lumberjack and raftsman Michael Heinzelmann (1803–1869) took over from the landlord. After his death, the dilapidated house was demolished. The old household items were transferred to the municipal collections in Freudenstadt: wooden cutlery, two wardrobes and a cast - iron box oven . In 1959 Rudolf Grözinger built a new building here.
House 4: Jakob Heinzelmann (1804–1889) had also come up from Reinerzau in 1829 and became an ancestor: of the son Andreas (1830–1890), also a woodcutter and raftsman, then of the grandson Johannes (1869–1913), now a carter , and finally of the great-grandson Andreas (1901–1876), farmer and gardener. His widow Frida, who comes from Ilsfeld , now looks after the house.
House 5: The raftsman Georg Müller (1767–1848) from the nearby grinding mill, married in 1799, (Wörner from Rodt) was probably already sitting here. Later it belonged to the "Mühle-Andres". It was bought from him by the woodcutter Andreas Heinzelmann, who moved from Mittelsteinwald, and sold it to the shepherd Christian Morlok in house 9 when he moved to Freudenstadt in 1907, whose widow then passed it on to his son, train driver Friedrich Morlok, in 1936.
House 6: In 1837 the carpenter Christian Weigold is mentioned here. His grandfather, Waldhauer Christian Weigold, married Haberer from Loburg, was probably already sitting on the property, but then his father, Hintersaß and Waldhauer Johann Georg (1755–1827), married to Barbara Haas, Waldhauer's daughter from Dietersweiler, with many children.
House 7: This is where the forester Johannes Fuchs (1798–1866) married Barbara Armbruster from Reinerzau (1802–1868) in 1825. Of her many children, Christine, born in 1826, married an Abberger from Dettlingen in 1858, and Barbara married Johannes Heinzelmann in 1869.
House 8 (the old mill): On July 29, 1823, the miller Friedrich Seeger (born 1797 in Aach, son of a farmer Peter) married Anna Schaber from Rodt. This new fellow citizen soon made himself the spokesman for the rear passengers in the replacement of the forest property rights. With his mill he believed he was also entitled to the previous privileges of the landlord and led lengthy processes - requested from the State Archives and he received copies of files - which were only enclosed in 1863, a few years before his death. His brother Jakob, born in 1802, had also married in House 10 in Lauterbad.
House 9: The man who was married to Anna Maria Appenzeller already lived here in 1747 - the nickname “ Appenzeller ”. The eldest Johannes, born in 1858 and married in 1885, took over the house, but had to sell in 1899 and moved to Freudenstadt. His property here came to merchant Julius Beck, Freudenstadt, then to "Mühle-Andres", who in 1902 connected with Maria Beck, also from Rodt. Stall and Scheurer have long since broken down, and the "Haus am Walde" guesthouse that was built for this purpose is now entrusted to their daughter, Mrs. Eisenkohl.
House 10: In this building, which old people still called the "Badmeistehraus" and which has remained almost unchanged, the manager of the estate founder, forest renovator Johann Heinrich Kade, probably already sat. School was held here at the beginning of the last century. How the bathing business was then divided up, Jakob Seeger moved in here, younger brother of the new Mahlmüller and since 1834 married to the neighboring daughter Barbara Müller (house 5).
The last building II, already standing in 1837, was the upper sawmill. It is astonishing that for half a century, apart from the short-lived barracks where roads and railways were built, no more houses were built. The next building, 12, was the railroad keeper's house on the road to Lossburg, which had recently been demolished, and 13 was the railroad handling barracks. The next buildings 14–16 were then built as the beginnings of Oberlauterbad on the Hardsteige.
The last Dieterich, 1818–1894
The last landlord of this name, Gustav Gottlob Dieterich, had brought a landlord's daughter back into the house in 1843, Wilhelmine Barbara Adrion (1820–1906) from the old linden tree in Freudenstadt (which then became the center of the Gustav-Werner-Anstalten in 1857 until it opened in 1870 Merchant stick). The inn in the well-tended rooms in Lauterbad, which was so famous in the 1950s, was soon closed. But later there was a small tavern at "Sägefrieder" (house 5), because the men of Lauterbad were sitting there on December 27, 1882 when the terrible landslide occurred that after heavy snow melt the mountainside below the elongated quarry on Schöllköpfle into the valley demolished. This "slide" then resulted in a huge flood through the dammed Lauter.
The most important event at that time was the road construction from 1859–1861. To get from Freudenstadt to Rodt, his oldest official place, there was only the "Rodter Weg", which led in the forest (now Unterer Almenwaldweg) past the Hotel Stokinger, founded in 1901, and around the Schöllköpfele and then crossed the Lauter in the forest. For heavy loads you could also find the Kienberg and Schömberger Weg (now Steinkopfweg) connection to the well-maintained “Masselstraße”, which has existed since around 1670. After a new state road from Alpirsbach through the Ehlenboger Tal was completed in 1859 to Lossburg , but was then to be continued via Sterneck - Leinstetten to Sulz , Freudenstadt achieved its continuation here by paying the additional costs of 2000 guilders for Lossburg took over. But when the state of Rodt wanted to continue building the road in the forest above Lauterbad, i.e. via Sauteich and Burgkopf , Gottlob Dieterich made the area available free of charge for the continuation below Lauterbad, thus preventing the forest from being cut up. On November 1, 1861, the last stretch of road was put into operation, and at the same time A. Höhn announced the closure of his previous leasing business on the road. In 1843 the number of local residents was 79. In the following times of need and during the emigration years up to 1858 the number had decreased to 49 people, while during the period of road construction it had increased again to 79 people by 1862. The construction of railways and bridges between 1884 and 1886 was even more important for the development of the settlement. The canteen , which the "Eisenbahnwirt" Luik had managed on the "Kohlacker" north of the bridge, was acquired by Andreas Heinzelmann, who came from House 9, rebuilt it next to the intersection and opened the Gasthof zum "Green Forest" here in 1887; Under the son and grandchildren, the house was then expanded in an exemplary manner. On the other side of the road was also a Akkordant built a house with horse stables Möhring. With these two buildings the foundation for what is now the upper Lauterbad Hadtweg was laid.
The landlord was interested in the forest and wood; he described himself as a timber merchant and boatman (= raft master) and had often taken his raft to Mannheim.
The fire in the manor house in 1894
Father Gottlieb Dieterich did not experience the fire in his house and the utility building on the evening of December 5, 1894. The “Grenzer” brought the following report about it: After having noticed suspicious redness in the night sky in the direction of Lauterbad for some time, appeared shortly after At seven o'clock a fire rider - only the following summer, when the post office moved into the new market square building, there was a telephone service - and reports that a severe fire had broken out in Dieterich's residential building. Despite the strenuous activity of the four fire brigades from Dietersweiler, Freudenstadt, Rodt and Lossburg, nothing could be saved on the building because the fire broke out in the wood room below (a dismissed servant had set the fire there in revenge). The old Mrs. Wilhelmine Dieterich, accompanied by her son Fritz, found accommodation for a few years near her birthplace in Freudenstadt, in the "Blaicherei", where Seifensieder Blaicher, father of the later town school, ran a small tavern next to his shop (later Ziegler wine shop). until she was able to return to the country house built by her daughter Pauline Werther in Lauterbad.
Under the Werther family
The publishing bookseller Alfred Werther, b. 1842 in Roßlar near Merseburg , had married Pauline Dieterich from Lauterbad in 1880. He was co-owner of the “Nationalanzeiger” in Essen and was involved in a magazine. He left there prematurely due to illness and died in Charlottenburg in January 1895. This enabled his widow - her two boys were probably entrusted to a boarding school during their school days - to come to Lauterbad more often and help her mother to find a home there again. In 1896 she had a beautiful country house built above the street. Wilhelmine Werther lived here, often visited by her daughter Pauline and her grandchildren for almost a decade until she died on January 1, 1906 at the age of 84. In 1908, the daughter had the Obere Säge converted into a power station that supplied her country house with electricity. In the same year, probably also at the instigation of the Werther family, a long historical essay series on "Lauterbad in the 18th Century" by a PK appeared in the "Grenzer" (Mömpelgard is not mentioned in it.)
But the later times of need prevented further growth for a long time. Only the economic upswing of the eighties - characterized in the lower Lauterbad by the railway construction - brought new arrivals and soon the beginnings of tourism. The modern road traffic has taken some of the idyllic charm of the village, but the relocation of the B294 has returned to Lauterbad.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Note on founding on landesarchiv-bw.de , accessed November 24, 2008
literature
- Klaus M. Heckmanns: Heimatbuch Dietersweiler. On the occasion of the 650th anniversary in 1997 . Geiger, Horb am Neckar 1997, ISBN 3-895-70256-0 .
Web links
- Website of the city of Freudenstadt
- Waldorf School for Remedial Education in Lauterbad at institut-lauterbad.de
- History of Grüntal-Frutenhof on gruental-frutenhof.de
- History Dietersweiler on the Freudenstadt website
Dietersweiler with Lauterbad | Freudenstadt (core city) with Christophstal and Zwieselberg | Grüntal and Frutenhof | Igelsberg | Knee to | Musbach | Wittlensweiler
Coordinates: 48 ° 26 '38.4 " N , 8 ° 26' 0.8" E