Lazar Hrebeljanović

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Lazar Hrebeljanović; idealized representation by Vladislav Titelbah , ca.1900

Lazar Hrebeljanović ( Serbian - Cyrillic Лазар Хребељановић * to 1329 in Prilepnica , Kosovo ; †  15. June 1389 on the Kosovo Field ) was a Serbian Knit . He is a martyr of the Serbian Orthodox Church .

Life

Prince Lazar's father was called Pribac , the mother's name has not been passed down. The surname Hrebeljanović came from later traditions, according to which the family had a Hrebalj as ancestor or their roots in Grbalj , today's Tivat in the Bay of Kotor in Montenegro . Pribac was the logothet (chancellor) of the Serbian tsar Stefan Uroš IV. Dušan , and this enabled Lazar to pursue a career at the emperor's court.

After the extinction of the Nemanjiden dynasty and the collapse of the Serbian Empire, Lazar emerged as the most powerful feudal lord of Serbia and ruled in what is now central Serbia and parts of Kosovo . The capital of his principality was Kruševac . During his reign, the Serbian Orthodox Patriarchate was recognized by the Patriarch of Constantinople . Lazar Hrebeljanović offered resistance to the advancing Ottomans , defeated them at Paraćin (1381) and Pločnik (1386 or 1387), but fell in the battle on the Amselfeld on June 15, 1389.

Afterlife

canonization

The Serbian Orthodox Church accepted him as Holy Great Martyr Prince Lazar into the ranks of the saints . His bones are laid out today in the Ravanica monastery that he built . At Vidovdan , his sarcophagus is revealed to the public . This monastery is located in the immediate vicinity of the town of Ćuprija in Jagodina , which is south highway in the direction of Belgrade gen Niš is.

Reception history

Praise to Prince Lazar

With the canonization of Prince Lazar, who had fallen in battle, the legendary battle on the Amselfeld began. The literary reception of the battle that followed made Lazar the protector of the Serbs . In the Serbian tradition, the mythification of the Holy Great Martyr continues to this day.

The oldest known text, a prayer designed as a poem, is the praise of Prince Lazar to the nun Jefimija . Made in the form of gold embroidery in the Ljubostinja Monastery in 1402 , the saint was asked to protect his sons Stefan Lazarević and Vuk during the Battle of Ankara .

In Serbian folk poetry , the events of the Battle of the Blackbird Field play a particularly prominent role. The ballads about Prince Lazar in the Kosovo cycle are:

  • The fall of the Tsarist Empire of Serbia
  • Lord's Supper
  • Tsar Lazar and Tsarina Milica
  • The miracle of Lazar's head

The Guard of Saint Lazar was also named after him .

The churches of St. Tsar Lazar (Savković) and St. Tsar Lazar (Velika Reka) are dedicated to him.

literature

  • Frank fighter: Lazar . In: Biographical Lexicon on the History of Southeast Europe . Volume 3. Munich 1979, pp. 11-13

Web links

Commons : Lazar Hrebeljanović  - collection of images, videos and audio files

swell

  1. ↑ Holy Register of the Serbian Orthodox Church ( Memento of the original from August 23, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.svetosavlje.org
  2. ↑ Holm Sundhaussen : Streiflichter from the history of Serbia . In: East-West. European Perspectives , Vol. 9 (2008), Issue 1, pp. 243-252.
predecessor Office successor
Stefan Uroš V. Prince of Serbia
1371-1389 		Stefan Lazarevic
personal data
SURNAME Hrebeljanović, Lazar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prince of Serbia
DATE OF BIRTH around 1329
PLACE OF BIRTH Prilepnica , Kosovo
DATE OF DEATH June 15, 1389
Place of death Blackbird field