Lehumo
| Lehumo (Eraulo) | ||
|---|---|---|
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| Lehumo wetland | ||
| Geographical location | Suco Eraulo , East Timor | |
| Drain | into the rivers Gleno and Caraulun (→ Lóis ) | |
| Location close to the shore | Klaetlau , Kukhata , Darudo , Kaibui | |
| Data | ||
| Coordinates | 8 ° 46 '31 " S , 125 ° 26' 52" E | |
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| Altitude above sea level | 1200 m | |
| surface | 48 ha | |
| length | 1,132 km | |
| width | 815 m | |
The Lehumo ( Lago Lehumo , Debo Lehumo , also Danau Eraulo , mambai : Lihumu , tetum Lihulu ) is a lake in the north of the East Timorese Sucos Eraulo ( administrative office Letefoho , municipality of Ermera ), almost 28 kilometers south of the state capital Dili . The parish capital of Gleno is six kilometers away. The shores of the lake extend to the borders of the neighboring Sucos Estado , Humboe and Lauala .
overview
,_Ermera,_Timor-Leste.jpg)
The Lehumo is very flat and is only fed by tributaries during the rainy season . The catchment area is about 2.45 km². In its greatest extent the lake reaches an area of 0.48 km². It lies at an altitude of 1200 m and is framed by several mountains: the Foho Nautpailau ( 1314 m ) in the south, the Foho Pahiria ( 1389 m ) in the northeast and the Foho Hatali ( 1399 m ) in the west.
An earth wall two meters high, five meters wide and 70 meters long in the west protects the area from flooding, while an embankment in the east limits the lake. The dam was built in 1994 on an old road embankment from the colonial era (before 1975). The dam was intended to expand the storage capacity of the natural lake in order to meet the low demand for field irrigation and to set up fish farms. In addition to the three sucos bordering the lake, two more are traditionally involved in the management of the lake: Humboe and Hoholau . A total of 10,259 people (2010) live in the five sucos. While the majority of Mambai live in Eraulo and Hoholau , the Tetum form the majority of the population in the other three sucos . The main source of income for the villages in the area is coffee growing , the center of which is in the municipality of Ermera in East Timor.
The eastern embankment dates from 1999, is about one and a half meters lower than the west dam and 190 m long. Without this limitation, the lake used to extend up to a hundred meters further east. The soil there consists mainly of silt and only a small part of clay , so that the structure is relatively stable. Otherwise, East Timor's geology often leads to landslides and erosion . Nevertheless, the embankment in the east collapsed at one point and water flows here following a natural, 450 meter long drain from the lake into the Rio Gleno , a tributary of the Lóis . The drain is initially 10 to 20 meters wide and 5 to 6 meters deep, but extends eastward to a width of 50 to 60 meters. The trench is 10 to 15 meters deep here. There is increased erosion on the northern edge. The river is 40 m deeper than the lake. At the west dam, water flows from the lake into the Rio Caraulun , another tributary of the Lóis. Some springs in lower areas are also fed by groundwater from the lake.
In 2011, planning began to raise the dams by one to two meters in order to be able to cope with larger floods. Protective dams are also to be built along the drain. It is hoped that the higher water level in the lake will benefit both the local economy and nature conservation.
The lake's water is unsuitable for drinking due to its turbidity, but studies have shown that it can be safely used for irrigation of fields and for watering cattle. The lake was defined by BirdLife International in 2007 as a wetland of national importance. Various endangered and endemic bird species can be found here, for example the godwit ( Limosa limosa ), the spectacled pelican ( Pelecanus conspicillatus ) and the piper goose ( Dendrocygna arcuata ). The forests are relatively light, as the soil does not allow rich vegetation to grow. The cutting of the forests leads to additional erosion.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Timor-Leste GIS-Portal ( Memento from June 30, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ A b c d e f Asian Development Bank: TIM: District Capitals Water Supply Project - Rehabilitation of Lake Lehumo , September 2011 , accessed February 23, 2014.
- ↑ Direcção Nacional de Estatística: Suco Report Volume 4 (English) ( Memento of the original from April 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 9.8 MB)
- ^ Website of the East Timorese Ministry of Finance: Census 2010 Suco Reports (tetum), accessed on February 27, 2014.
- ↑ Important Bird Areas in Timor-Leste ( Memento of the original from November 22, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , P. 80 (PDF file; 1.87 MB), accessed on February 23, 2014.
