List of field marshals of the Russian Empire
The following 53 officers of the Imperial Russian Army were field marshals of the Russian Empire (officially field marshals general ) and belonged to the Russian armed forces. Furthermore, ten foreigners received the honorary title of field marshal.
After the October Revolution of 1917, in the Red and Soviet Army , there was no longer the rank of (General) Field Marshal, but from 1935 various other ranks of marshal. The Marshals of the Soviet Union, as well as the main marshals of the branches of arms of the Soviet Armed Forces, are included in the list of Marshals of the Soviet Union . In the Russian Armed Forces since 1992, the highest rank and only marshal rank is the Marshal of the Russian Federation . It has only been awarded once so far: in 1997 to the Defense Minister Igor Sergejew (1938–2006). Portraits of the field marshals are in theHermitage (Winter Palace) exhibited in Saint Petersburg .
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The military rank of Russian field marshal was also given to the following foreign persons. In these cases the transfer was purely honorary; these persons had never served as active soldiers in the Russian armed forces.
| year | Surname | Data |
|---|---|---|
| 1761 | Friedrich Karl Ludwig, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck | 1757-1816 |
| 1774 | Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt | 1719-1790 |
| 1818 | Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington | 1769-1852 |
| 1837 | Archduke Johann of Austria | 1782-1859 |
| 1849 | Joseph Radetzky from Radetz | 1766-1858 |
| 1872 | Helmuth von Moltke | 1800-1891 |
| 1872 | Archduke Albrecht of Austria | 1817-1895 |
| 1872 | Friedrich Wilhelm of Prussia | 1831-1888 |
| 1888 | Wilhelm II of Prussia | 1859-1941 |
| 1910 | King Nikola I of Montenegro | 1841-1921 |
| 1912 | King Charles I of Romania | 1839-1914 |
The highest rank in the Imperial Russian Navy was that of the Admiral General , who was equal to the Field Marshal. It was only awarded relatively rarely:
| year | Surname | Data |
|---|---|---|
| 1708 | Count Fyodor Metveyevich Apraxin | 1661-1728 |
| 1740 | Count Johann Friedrich Ostermann | 1686-1747 |
| 1756 | Prince Mikhail Golitsyn the Younger | 1684-1764 |
| 1762 | Grand Duke Pavel Petrovich Romanov (later Emperor) | 1754-1801 |
| 1831 | Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolajewitsch Romanow | 1827-1892 |
| 1883 | Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich Romanov | 1850-1908 |
Some of the admirals general are also included:
- François Le Fort (1656–1699), also called Admiral General from 1695 ; It is controversial whether it was a question of a position instead of a rank
- Fyodor Golovin, as the first Russian general field marshal from 1700 at the same time general admiral of the fleet
- Ivan Tschernyschow, General Field Marshal of the Fleet from 1796
literature
- General-Fel'dmaršaly Rossii = Field Marshals of Russia / [painters: N. Rzhevsky ...]. - [Moskva]: Agentstvo "Voeninform" Ministerstva Oborony Rossijskoj Federacii, 2006. - 53 sheets: mostly. Ill. - Text in Russian and English - Partly in kyrill. Font.
Individual evidence
- ^ Military painting exhibition in the Winter Palace of the Hermitage in St. Petersburg
- ↑ Полное собрание законов Российской Империи . Собрание третье. Том VIII: 1888 год (Приказы № 4933-5685). Приказ №5356 от 14 июня 1888 года .