List of Schütte-Lanz airships
The list of Schütte-Lanz airships names airship types as well as airships built and planned by the company Luftschiffbau Schütte-Lanz .
Airship types
The Schütte-Lanz airships were divided into types a to f.
Type a only included SL1 , the prototype . Many developments have been implemented and tested on it. In contrast to the zeppelins, the construction consisted of a diamond-shaped frame made of plywood. The longitudinal beams ran helically around the fuselage. This design was intended to create a particularly strong and at the same time shock and vibration absorbing hull. However, practice does not confirm the predictions.
From the SLII onwards , a classic ring and side member framework was built. The skeleton girders of SL1 as well as later ships were braced with the help of riveted straps and steel wires.
All Schütte-Lanz airships had a frame made of plywood. One property of the wood, the moisture absorption and thus the decrease in strength depending on the weather, was reduced by repeatedly painting the structure, which resulted in a not inconsiderable increase in weight, but could never be completely prevented.
The gas cells at SL1 were designed as spherical balloons. The space between the balloons was also used with so-called ring balloons. However, these did not prove themselves and were omitted from the later ships. The balloon material came from the Augsburg company Riedinger . It was relatively gas-tight and consisted of two layers of cotton fabric, the warp threads of which ran diagonally to each other and were rubberized. The specification for the supplier was a surface weight of a maximum of 330 g / m² and a total weight of all supporting bodies of 5850 kg. The seams of the gas cells were double and taped on both sides. Each gas cell had a fill and drain valve and a viewing window. There was also a pressure relief valve.
Built airships
Only the airships SL I and SL II had a Roman numeral in their name, all other building types that followed were called SL plus Arabic numerals. The main type was the type "E" (SL8-SL19) with a length of 170 m. This corresponded roughly to the Zeppelin military airships type "Q". The last SL airships then corresponded more to the Zeppelins of the "R" class with a length of 200 m.
| No. | operator | First drive | Calls | Whereabouts, remarks | Illustration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SLI | army | October 17, 1911 | none (prototype) | Destroyed in a storm at the anchor mast in Schneidemühl in July 1913 | |
| SLII | army | February 28, 1914 | carried out two reconnaissance for Austria in August 1914 as part of the operations in Galicia in the Chelm , Lublin and Kraśnik area ; later four attacks with 3554 kg bombs (2 × Nancy , Compiègne , London ) | extended by 12 m in May / June 1915; on January 10, 1916 near Luckenwalde , about one kilometer north of Jänickendorf (in the Renne Mountains), stranded |
|
| SL3 | marine | February 5, 1915 | 30 explanations about the North and Baltic Seas ; an unsuccessful attack on England with 150 kg bombs; a battle with a British submarine | Emergency landed on May 1, 1916 on the Mauersee near Steinort (Masuria / Warmia), scrapped. | |
| SL 4 | marine | April 25, 1915 in Sandhofen | 21 clarifications about the North and Baltic Seas; two attacks against the island of Ösel with 600 kg bombs | Destroyed by storm on December 14, 1915 in the Seddin Hall | |
| SL 5 | army | May 21, 1915 | no | destroyed by thunderstorm on July 15, 1915 after an emergency landing in Gießen | |
| SL 6 | marine | October 9, 1915 | 6 explanations | Burned near Seddin on November 10, 1915 shortly after take-off | |
| SL 7 | army | September 3, 1915 | three reconnaissance over the Baltic Sea; three attacks with 2958 kg bombs ( La Neufville , Dünamünde , Wenden ) | decommissioned March 6, 1917 as obsolete; scrapped in Jueterbog | |
| SL 8 | marine | March 30, 1916 | 34 explanations about the North and Baltic Seas; three attacks with 4600 kg bombs ( Werder , Moon , Pernau ) | decommissioned on November 20, 1917 as obsolete; dismantled in Seddin |
|
| SL 9 | marine | November 1, 1916 | 13 clarifications; three attacks with 4230 kg bombs ( Mariehamn , Sworbe , Arensburg ); unsuccessful participation in a squadron attack against England on August 24, 1916 | lost in the Bay of Danzig on March 30, 1917 | |
| SL 10 | army | May 17, 1916 | Reconnaissance trips to Tuak / Crimea and Zonguldak | Lost over the southwestern Black Sea during an attempted attack on Sevastopol on July 28, 1916 | |
| SL11 | army | August 1, 1916 | three attempted attacks against England; two of them had to be canceled | On September 3, 1916, during the third attack under Captain Wilhelm Schramm over London, an airplane ( William Leefe Robinson ) caught fire and crashed | |
| SL 12 | marine | November 9, 1916 | 9 Clarifications about the North and Baltic Seas | Crashed on December 28, 1916 by a tethered rope | |
| SL 13 | army | October 19, 1916 | no | Destroyed on February 8, 1917 by the collapse of a hall in Leipzig | |
| SL 14 | marine | August 23, 1916 | two reconnaissance over the Baltic Sea; two raids with 2960 kg bombs against Papensholm . | May 18, 1917 accident on the airship port Wainoden scrapped | |
| SL 15 | army | November 4, 1916 | November 4, 1916 test drive, November 9, 1916 drive to Sandhofen . 9/11/24/27 and November 28, 1916 acceptance of the new ship by Captain la Quiante u. Mr. Helferich from Schuette Lanz. 28/29 January 1917 trip to England. When returning to Mannheim-Sandhofen, the front gondola was destroyed as a result of frozen water ballast. Inquiry trips across the Atlantic about the American fleet in May 1917. Three days later the investigation trip was repeated; the fleet was at Le Havre . |
Wrecked in Mannheim-Sandhofen at the end of August 1917 under the supervision of chief machinist Schöner. | |
| SL 16 | army | January 18, 1917 | no | retired in August 1917 because out of date; scrapped under the supervision of chief machinist Schöner in Spich . Also carried the designation E 9 (see also considerations and tables by Dr. Dieckerhoff) | |
| SL 17 | army | March 22, 1917 | no | retired in August 1917 because out of date; broken up in Allenstein | |
| SL 18 | army | not completed | no | was destroyed during construction by a collapse of the hall in Leipzig | |
| SL 19 | army | not completed | no | Order canceled after abandoning the Army Airship Service | |
| SL 20 | marine | September 10, 1917 | two reconnaissance over the eastern Baltic Sea in the course of the Albion company , an attempted attack during the Ösel invasion on October 8, 1917 (3 of 5 engines failed) | (new type F, construction number F-1), destroyed on January 5, 1918 (nine weeks after acceptance) in a fire and explosion in the double hall in Ahlhorn with other airships. Cause of fire unclear; an accident is assumed, but sabotage cannot be ruled out. | |
| SL 21 | army | November 26, 1917 | no; Another test drive on November 28, 1917. | Broken girders forced overhaul, not put back into service, dismantled in 1918 |
|
| SL 22 | marine | June 5, 1918 | not taken over | canceled in Jüterbog in the summer of 1920 | |
| SL 23 | not clear | not completed | no | (new type G, hull number G-1) first SL ship that was no longer made of plywood, but of duralumin . | |
| SL 24 | not clear | not completed | no | (new type H, construction number H-1) |
Technical data type E (SL-8 to SL19)
- Length: 174 m
- Diameter: 20.1 m
- Gas volume: 38780 m³
- Speed: 91.8 km / h
- Load capacity: 21 t
- Drive: 4x Maybach HS-Lu, each 240 PS
Planned airships
The planned airships were designed depending on the later route.
| No. | Surname | Technical specifications | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| SL 101 | Atlantic | 95,000 m³, L = 230 m, D = 29.5 m, v max = 130 km / h, 10 engines with a total of 2200 kW | Payload: 98 passengers, 20 t freight |
| SL 102 | Panamerica | 205,000 m³, L = 298 m, D = 38.5 m, v max = 130 km / h, 18 engines with a total of 3970 kW | |
| SL 103 | Pacific | 150,000 m³, L = 274.5 m, D = 35 m, v max = 128 km / h, 13 engines with a total of 2870 kW, | Payload: 100 passengers, 38 t freight |
| Kentucky | 114,000 m³, L = 244 m, D = 31.5 m, v max = 128 km / h, 10 engines with a total of 2200 kW | ||
| Fram | like SL 103 | planned research ship, which was characterized by a reinforced construction to withstand even more adverse weather conditions |
The construction of the LZ 126 / ZR-3 "USS Los Angeles" as a reparations airship ended Prof. Schütte's dream of airships.
See also
literature
- Bleibler, J. (2002): Starrluftschiffprojekte in Germany 1908 to 1914 , in: Meighörner, W. (Ed.): Airships that were never built, Friedrichshafen, pp. 31–53.
- Germany's war in the air ; Ernst von Hoeppner; Berlin 1921
- The dream of flying Johann Schütte-A pioneer of airship travel ; various authors; Isense Verlag 2000; ISBN 3-89598-693-3
- In the shadow of the titan Schütte-Lanz; various authors; Verlag Robert Gessler, Friedrichshafen 2001; ISBN 3-86136-063-2
- Schütte-Lanz airship construction - Mannheim-Rheinau (1909–1925) ; Dorothea Haaland (dissertation); Southwest German Writings (4); Institute for Cultural Studies and Regional Research at the University of Mannheim 1987; ISBN 3-87804-186-1
- Schütte-Lanz airship construction 1909–1925 ; Dr. Ing. E. H. Johann Schütte; R. Oldenbourg published by Munich and Berlin 1926; here: Reprint from 1984, published by Johann Friedrich Jahn, Oldenburg iO
- Ludwig Friedrich, Hans Weihe: Schütte-Lanz. From airship to plywood . In: Verein für Heimat- und Customsflege Brühl / Rohrhof (ed.): Brühl and Rohrhof: Das Heimatbuch . Bruehl 2007
- Sonja Steiner-Welz, Schütte-Lanz-Luftfahrzeuge from Mannheim: Volume 1 , Reinhard Welz Vermittler Verlag eK, 2006, ISBN 3-936041-94-6 ( online )
Web links
- The Schütte-Lanz innovations - technical innovations in airship construction Schütte-Lanz between 1909 and 1914 compared to airship construction Zeppelin - by Sebastian Wentzler
- The Luftschiffwaffe of the Army book in PDF files
Individual evidence
- ^ Otto Lueger: Lexicon of the entire technology. 1904
Coordinates: 49 ° 24 ′ 31 ″ N , 8 ° 32 ′ 16 ″ E