Late wrinkled lily

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Late wrinkled lily
LloidiaSerotina1.JPG

Late wrinkled lily ( Gagea serotina )

Systematics
Monocots
Order : Lily-like (Liliales)
Family : Lily family (Liliaceae)
Subfamily : Lilioideae
Genre : Yellow Stars ( Gagea )
Type : Late wrinkled lily
Scientific name
Gagea serotina
( L. ) Ker Gawl.

The late wrinkled lily ( Gagea serotina ) is a species of the genus yellow stars ( Gagea ) within the lily family (Liliaceae). It is widespread in the northern hemisphere in the Holarctic in high mountains and in arctic regions in Eurasia and North America .

description

Illustration from Atlas of the Alpine Flora , 1882
Stem leaves and flower

Vegetative characteristics

The late wrinkled lily is a graceful, bare, perennial, herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 5 to 15 centimeters. Usually it has two grass-like, about 1 millimeter wide, fleshy basal leaves that are barely longer than the stem . The stem leaves are narrow-lanceolate.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to July. The terminal, hermaphrodite, threefold flowers are about 15 millimeters in diameter, radially symmetrical and wide funnel-shaped. There are six white, uniformly shaped bracts ( tepals ). Inside there are three brown-red stripes on each bloom. It forms tripartite, many-seeded capsule fruits .

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.

ecology

As a rule, the late blooming lily flowers quite early in the short mountain summer, so that it bears its name wrongly.

This species rises the highest of all the lily plants in the Alps. The brown-skinned onion is almost completely enclosed by the dry-skinned remnants of the previous year's leaves (frost protection). In rough, windy locations where insects are unlikely to visit, the stamens and pistil are at the same height, so that self-pollination is facilitated.

Occurrence

It has a wide distribution in the Holarctic in high mountains and in arctic regions. On the one hand, it is common in western North America from Alaska to New Mexico . On the other hand, the late folded lily is widespread in Eurasia . In Europe it is at home from the Alps to the Balkans . An isolated, very small deposit in Wales is considered an Ice Age relic .

On acidic soils and ridges, the locations are mostly wind-exposed rocks and knolls. It is a character species of the Elynetum (Elynion Association) in the Alps . Locations in the Alps are at altitudes from 1600 to 3100 meters in the subalpine to alpine altitude range . In the Allgäu Alps it occurs at altitudes from 1900 to 2420 meters and rises up to 2400 meters on the Rotgundspitze in Bavaria and up to 2420 meters in the Tyrolean part at the eastern summit of the Muttekopf near Holzgau .

Systematics

The first publication was made of this kind in 1753 under the name ( Basionym ) Bulbocodium serotinum by Linnaeus in Species Plantarum , 1, p 294. The name Gagea serotina was John Bellenden Ker-Gawler in the Journal of Science and the Arts. London , published 1, 1816, p. 180. For a long time this species was listed under the name Lloydia serotina in the genus Lloydia . So that the genus Gagea is monophyletic , the species of the genus Lloydia were all placed in this genus (M. Zarrei et al. 2009 and 2011). Synonyms for Gagea serotina (L.) Ker Gawl. are: L. , Anthericum serotinum (L.) L. , Phalangium serotinum (L.) Poir. , Rhabdocrinum serotinum (L.) Rchb. , Lloydia serotina (L.) Rchb. , Ornithogalum serotinum (L.) Rchb. , Cronyxium serotinum (L.) Raf. , Bulbocodium autumnale L. , Bulbocodium alpinum Mill. , Ornithogalum altaicum Laxm. , Ornithogalum striatum Willd. , Lloydia alpina (Mill.) Salisb. , Gagea striata (Willd.) Sweet , Ornithogalum bracteatum Torr. nom. illeg., Gagea bracteata Schult. & School f. , Lloydia striata (Willd.) Sweet , Nectarobothrium striatum (Willd.) Ledeb. , Nectarobothrium redowskianum Cham. , Lloydia sicula A. Huet , Lloydia serotina var. Unifolia Franch. , Lloydia serotina f. parva C. Marquand & Airy Shaw , Lloydia serotina subsp. flava Calder & Roy L.Taylor , Lloydia serotina var. flava (Calder & Roy L.Taylor) B. Boivin , Lloydia serotina var. parva (C.Marquand & Airy Shaw) H.Hara .

literature

  • Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (=  Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
  • Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner: Flora Helvetica , 2nd edition, Verlag Paul Haupt, Bern, Stuttgart, Vienna, 1998, ISBN 3-258-05735-4 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 .
  2. ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Gagea serotina. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved September 29, 2016.
  3. ↑ William Condry: Snowdonia . David & Charles, Newton Abbot / London / North Pomfret (Vermont) 1987, ISBN 0-7153-8734-0 , p. 47, 86, 87 (English). - Clive Stace: New Flora of the British Isles . 2nd Edition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge et al. 1997, p. 927 (English).
  4. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , pp. 318-319.

Web links

Commons : Late Folded Lily ( Gagea serotina )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files