Ludwig Lewysohn

Ludwig Lewysohn (born April 15, 1819 in Schwersenz , Posen district , Kingdom of Prussia , † March 26, 1901 in Stockholm ) was a German rabbi and historian .

Origin and education

Ludwig Lewysohn was born in Schwersenz in the province of Posen in Prussia . After training at various rabbis he took in 1842 at a school in Breslau the High School after what enabled him to attend university. He studied at the University of Halle , where he received his doctorate in philosophy in 1847 with his thesis "On the Sacrifice in the Old Testament" .

Professional activities

In 1848 the Jewish community in Frankfurt on the Oder elected him rabbi, in 1851 the Jewish community in Worms appointed him preacher. The move to Worms on October 1, 1851 put him in the midst of a difficult situation: from 1824 to 1864 the conservative Jakob (Koppel) Bamberger worked as a rabbi in the community and formed the center of its conservative wing. But there was a strong progressive faction in the community. Among other things, she ensured that a religion teacher was hired in addition to the rabbi. After Abraham Adler was banned from the profession in 1850 by the government of the Grand Duchy of Hesse because of his involvement in the revolution of 1848/1849 , Lewysohn followed him from 1851 to 1859 in the position of teacher. Its task was to give Jewish religious instruction both within the congregation and in public schools . His relationship with the rabbi seems to have been quite relaxed. He saw himself in a "formally coordinated, yet factually subordinate" position towards Rabbi Bamberger. Rabbi Bamberger supported him, for example, in his historical research. In 1853 he gave 16 lessons a week at five different schools, grammar school , elementary school and three private schools. He also gave confirmation lessons . In the first two years he preached about 70 times in synagogue service and at casualia . He also made suggestions to organize the community archives.

In 1859 Lewysohn followed a call as a rabbi to the Jewish community in Stockholm . After a year and a half, he had mastered Swedish so well that he was able to preach in that language. He held the office until 1883.

Historical research

Lewysohn was the first in Worms to study the Jewish cemetery, the " Holy Sand ", which had existed since the 11th century . He published 60 grave inscriptions - although he made a mistake in the supposedly oldest inscription and dated it much too old.

→ Main article : Tombstone of Sagira asked Shmuel

Another historical research dealt with the "zoology of the Talmud ". Alexander von Humboldt was very praiseworthy for the work.

family

Ludwig Lewysohn was married twice. His first wife died in 1852. In 1854 he remarried. His second wife was Philippine Bär from Frankfurt am Main .

literature

To Lewysohn

in alphabetical order by authors / editors

• Gunnar Carlquist: Svensk uppslagsbok 17. Malmö 1937, p. 88.
• Fritz Reuter : Warmaisa: 1000 years of Jews in Worms . 3. Edition. Self-published, Worms 2009. ISBN 978-3-8391-0201-5
• Samson Rothschild: Officials of the Worms Jewish community (mid-18th century to the present) . Kauffmann, Frankfurt 1920.
• William Zeitlin: Bibliotheca Hebraica Post-Mendelssohniana 1, p. 209.

From Lewysohn

sorted by year of publication

• "De Sacrificiis Veteris Testamenti". Diss. Halle 1847.
• "Divine service lecture given on the high birth festival of Sr. King Highness Ludwig III, Grand Duke of Hesse and by the Rhine on June 9th 1852 in the synagogue in Worms and published on request". Kranzbühler, Worms 1852?
• Ludwig Lewysohn: Nafshot tsadiḳim: Sixty epitaphs of grave stones of the Israelite cemetery of Worms, regressive until the year 905 Übl [Icher] Zeitr [echnung] , along with biographical sketches and an appendix . Baer, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1855. ( Online . Accessed January 11, 2018).
• Religious lecture of my confirmands at the confirmation party . Boeninger, Worms 1856.
• Ludwig Lewysohn: A family of scholars from the 11th and 12th centuries . In: Monthly for the History and Science of Judaism 1856 (Issue 11) p. 421.
• The zoology of the Talmud . Frankfurt am Main 1858.
• The earth and heaven celebrations: funeral speech held on the day of the funeral of the blessed woman Hanna Isaak Marcus, née. Deer . Isaak Marcus, Stockholm 1859.
• Why does the fatherland mourn? A sermon given at the funeral services on August 14, 1859 due to death of His Majesty. The most blessed King Oscar I of blessed memory . Isaak Marcus, Stockholm 1859.
• Your memory as a blessing. Funeral oration held on the stretcher of the blissfully deceased Mrs. Betty Salomonsson, née. Hirsch, January 7, 1861 . Isaak Marcus, Stockholm 1861.
• Predikan, hållen i Stockholms synagoga på 50: de årsdagen af ​​Sveriges och Norges förening, November 4th 1864 / af Ludwig Lewysohn . Isaac Marcus, Stockholm 1864.
• Farväl: minnesord, talade vid grosshandlaren Siegmund Friedländer's graf, July 12th 1865 . Isaak Marcus, Stockholm 1865.
• Sabbath and festpredikningar, hållna i Stockholm synagoga . 1864.
• Liktal vid rektorn och sekreteraren Lipman Lipmanson's jordfästning i Stockholm, October 4th 1867 Stockholm 1867.
• Föredrag, hållet i Stockholms synagoga söndagen den 4 may 1879 . Isaac Marcus, Stockholm 1879.
• Liktal vid fru Regina Lamm's jordfästning i Stockholm on June 17th 1895 . Stockholm 1895
• Numerous magazine articles, including in "Ha-Maggid".

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Rothschild: Officials , p. 25.
2. ↑ Rothschild: Officials , p. 31.
3. ↑ Rothschild: Officials , p. 25.
4. ^ Reuter: Warmaisa. 1000 years , pp. 146, 161.
5. ↑ Rothschild: Officials , p. 28.
6. ↑ Rothschild: Officials , p. 26.
7. ↑ Rothschild: Officials , p. 26f.
8. ↑ Rothschild: Officials , p. 31.
9. ↑ Rothschild: Officials , p. 29.
10. ↑ Rothschild: Officials , p. 30.
11. ^ Reuter: Warmaisa. 1000 years , p. 162; Rothschild: Officials , p. 25f.
12. ↑ Lewysohn: tsadiḳim Nafshot .
13. ↑ Rothschild: Officials , p. 29f.