Machilus nanmu
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| Machilus nanmu | ||||||||||||
| ( Oliv. ) Hemsl. |
Machilus nanmu or Nanmu , also Chinese coffin tree , is the name for a large tree from the laurel family(Lauraceae). The nanmu trees grow southwest of the Yangzi region in the provinces of Yunnan , Sichuan and Guizhou in China and in eastern Tibet . They are known for their valuable, fragrant and resistant wood ; the tribes were z. B.used for the support pillarsin the construction of the Forbidden City in Beijing.
The name Nanmu is also used by Phoebe zhennan S.K. Lee & FN Wei and Phoebe sheareri (Hemsl.) Gamble or different Machilus species; Machilus thunbergii , Machilus japonica and Machilus ichangensis u. a. designated. Because the wood smells like cedar , Machilus nanmu is sometimes referred to as cedar , which is wrong.
description
The nanmu tree is evergreen and can reach heights of up to 40 m and trunk diameters of up to 170 cm or more. The trees can be over 1000 years old.
The short-stalked, leathery, rounded, round-pointed to pointed or pointed and underneath finely haired, simple, entire leaves are elliptical to obovate, part-lanceolate and 5–10 (13.5) × 2–5 cm in size. The nerve is parallel-forward pinnate with a light green to reddish central vein.
The inflorescences are panicles up to 10 cm long . The small, hermaphrodite flowers with a simple flower envelope are threefold with elongated and rounded, cup-shaped, greenish-yellow, fine-haired 6 tepals in two circles. There are 9 stamens and 3 staminodes in 4 circles, three circles are fertile and the innermost is staminodial. The ovary is on top.
About 12 mm long, egg-shaped and blackish, fleshy, rounded berries with a diameter of 7-8 mm are formed, to which the perianth adheres.
Taxonomy
It was first described in 1880 by Edgar William Olive as Persea nanmu in Hooker's Icones Pl., XIV, P. I, pp. 10-11, T. 1316. The name Machilus nanmu , which is valid today, and the division into the genus Machilus was made by William Botting Hemsley in the Jour. Linn. Soc., XXVI, p. 376, published 1891. Nanmu was listed without a taxon as early as 1877 in the Davenport Report, China, No. 2, 1877, p. 13 and by Hooker in the Report on Progr. Roy. Gard. Kew. 1877, p. 33. The species was also published under Phoebe nanmu Gamble in Pl. Wilson., II, p. 72, 1914. Other synonyms are Machilus pingii W.C. Cheng ex YC Yang and Persea pingii (WC Cheng ex YC Yang) Kosterm.
use
The orange-brown wood is insect-resistant and about as hard as teak . It has always been used by the upper class as construction and coffin wood , it was also used for furniture, paneling, carvings and in boat building.
literature
- Machilus nanmu in the Flora of China. Vol. 7.
- Woon Young Chun: Chinese Economic Tress. Commercial Press, Shanghai 1921, p. 156, online (PDF; 20.2 MB), at University of Macau, accessed January 9, 2018.
- Machilus nanmu at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
Web links
- Machilus nanmu at Useful Tropical Plants, accessed January 8, 2018.
- Phoebe nanmu in the Red List of Threatened Species of IUCN 1998 Posted by: W. Sun, 1998. Accessed January 9, 2018th
Individual evidence
- ^ Kew Bulletin. 1921, p. 32, archive.org .
- ↑ Jingyun Fang, Zhiheng Wang, Zhiyao Tang: Atlas of Woody Plants in China. Vol. I, Springer, 2011, ISBN 978-3-642-15016-6 , p. 394.
- ^ Zhang Dongxia: Then Vanished Ancient Liangzhu Kingdom. China Intercontinental Press, 2007, ISBN 978-7-5085-1048-4 , p. 14.