Malevitsa
| Malevitsa | ||
|---|---|---|
 Maljowitsa summit in summer (in the distance) |
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| height | 2729 m | |
| location | Kyustendil Oblast , Bulgaria | |
| Mountains | Rila Mountains | |
| Coordinates | 42 ° 10 '26 " N , 23 ° 21' 47" E | |
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Malyovitsa ( Bulgarian Мальовица ) is a mountain in the northwestern part of the Rila Mountains , Kyustendil Oblast in Bulgaria . The north-western part of the Rila Mountains, in which the Maljowiza summit is located, is called the Maljowiza area. Below this peak extends the Maljowiza Valley with the Maljowiza River and the mountain hut of the same name . At the end of the valley is the Maljowiza complex, which consists of a mountain rescue school, a hotel and a small ski area.
Malevitsa summit
The Maljowiza summit is 2729 m high, but right next to the summit marking you can read the height indication 2731 m on a stone slab. On its stony, sparsely overgrown hilltop there is a summit cross with a black and yellow pole set in a stone wall. On the inaccessible north and east slopes of the summit (Bulgarian върх Мальовица; abbreviated: в. Мальовица; transcription: Wrach Malowiza) lies one of the most popular climbing routes in Bulgaria.
To the north of the summit, the slope ends in a small plain, the Maljowiza field (Bulgarian Мальово поле; Maljowno pole) with the three Maljowiza lakes (Bulgarian Мальовишки езера; Maljowischki esera). To the south-east of the mountain peak is a deep valley basin in which the two Elensky Lakes (Bulgarian Еленски езера) lie, and Straschnoto esero (Bulgarian Страшното езеро; literally: dangerous lake) is not far away.
The Maljowiza Mountain and the Maljowiza Complex, a small resort town, is one of the most popular tourist areas in the Rila Mountains. The Rila Monastery is located at the foot of the southern slope of the Maljowitsa peak .
fauna and Flora
Observations by biologists and botanists have shown that there is a great diversity of species here. 172 different animal species have been counted in the greater area of the Rila National Park , including 5 species of fish, 20 species of reptiles and amphibians , 99 species of birds and 48 species of mammals. The predominant trees are red firs and mountain pines, which only appear as small creeping species around the height of the hut. In addition to grasses, numerous alpine flowers such as mullein , mountain snapdragon, blue herb or alpine easter and rare medicinal herbs such as arnica grow on the edge of the mountain paths .
Maljowitsa ski area
Far below the summit, about seven kilometers away (three hours away ), is the small resort Maljowiza ( Maljowiza complex ; 1700 m ), which consists of the Hotel Maljowiza (180 beds), the Hotel Alen Mak and the central mountaineering school of the Bulgarian Tourism Association ). The adjacent Maljowiza ski area has only two smaller slopes and two drag lifts. A paved road leads from the town of Samokov (27 km away) through the village of Gowedarzi (13 km) to the Maljowitsa complex. The further way to the mountain hut and the summit is only possible via footpaths. A public bus goes to Gowedarzi; There is a bus connection to Samokov once a day. It is 86 km to Sofia. One of the attractions near the Maljowiza area is the Rila monastery .
The alpine school was originally called the Central Mountain School Maljowiz (Bulgarian Централна планинска школа Мальовица), since c. In 2005 it was officially called the Maljowiza Training Center 'Christo Prodanow' (Bulgarian Учебен център Мальовица "Христо Проданов"), named after the first Bulgarian who climbed Mount Everest . The school trains cadres for the Bulgarian Tourism Association, for the mountain rescue service (Bulgarian Планинска Спасителна Служба, ПСС), for the fire brigade, for the border troops and other special departments.
Malevitsa is probably the most popular mountain resort area among Bulgarians. The highest mountain in the Rila Mountains is the Musala (2925 m) and not far (40 km) from it is the mountain health resort and the Borovets ski area with its numerous slopes, which have been massively expanded since 1982. However, the Maljowiza enjoys a much greater fame and popularity among the Bulgarians. His picture is well known, it is often seen and is a symbol of the beauty of the Bulgarian mountains, but it is also glorified as kitschy. The Maljowiza can best be compared with the typical pictures of the Königssee .
The accommodation capacity on Maljowiza is relatively small compared to its popularity. Maljowiza has become a symbol of Bulgarian mountaineering. A small camp with rentable wooden huts or the possibility of camping is therefore popular.
Hiking routes
At the foot of the Maljowiza there is the Maljowiza mountain hut (2050 m), consisting of an older and a slightly newer building. In the 1950s it was established by the Central Council of Trade Unions (Bulgarian: Централен съвет на професионалните съюзи). The trough valley in which the mountain hut and the Malowiza resort are located was formed by the Ice Age. The mountain can only be seen in its full size and characteristic shape through this valley, which is why almost all photos show the Maljowiza from this perspective. The Maljowiza mountain hut is the starting point for hikes to the top via a marked path. This path is part of the European long-distance hiking trail E4 . Below the summit lies the Malevitsa ridge (Bulgarian Мальовишко било), from which the paths towards Rasdela (Bulgarian Раздела), the Ivan Vazov mountain hut and the area of the Seven Rila Lakes start. The area around the Maljowiza peak and the slopes of the trough valley through which the Malowiza river flows are prone to avalanches , which is why particular caution is required in winter. It takes 45 minutes on a marked path from the Hotel Maljowiza to the Maljowiza mountain hut, the hut can serve as a starting point for the following hiking tours of different difficulty and length:
- to the Wada mountain hut - 1.5 hours walk
- to the Bulgarian Alpine Club refuge - 2 hours walk
- to the top of Slija sab (Bulgarian вр. Злия зъб, 2678 m) - 2 hours walk
- to the Elenin peak (Bulgarian Елени връх, 2654 m) - 2 hours walk
- to the top of Lownitsa (Bulgarian вр. Ловница, 2695 m) - 2 hours walk
- to Ushite peak (bulg. вр. Ушите) - 2 hours away
- to Maljowitsa peak - 2.5 hours by foot (marked path)
- to the Straschno esero refuge - 2.5 hours
- to Orlovets peak (Bulgarian вр. Орловец, 2686 m) - 2.5 hours by foot
- to the Lowna mountain hut - 2.5 to 3 hours walk
- to the Metschit mountain hut - 4 hours or 8 hours via Straschnoto esero
- to the mountain hut Ivan Wasow - 6 hours by foot
- to the mountain hut "Die Sieben Seen" (Bulgarian Sedemte Esera) - 8 hours on the mountain ridge or 5 hours below the ridge
- to the Rila monastery - 6 hours or 8 hours via Straschnoto esero
- to the mountain hut Ribni esera (fish lakes) - 10 hours walk.
Climbing routes
There are around 120 climbing routes in the Rila Mountains, the vast majority of which are in the northwest (Maljowiza) and east of the Rila Mountains. The climbing tours to the Maljowiza summit start at the Maljowiza mountain hut. The north-west face ( the triangle ) towers over the hut by 120 m and was first climbed in 1938.
In addition to the Maljowiza peak, there are another dozen high peaks in this part of the Rila Mountains, also known as Maljowiza. In addition to the climbing routes on Maljowiza, there are other climbing routes in the vicinity (selection):
- Slija Sab (Bulgar. Злия зъб; literally: Bad Tooth): here is one of the most famous climbing routes in Bulgaria - "Weschdite" (Bulgarian Веждите), with a 200 m long wall.
- Dwuglaw (Bulgarian Двуглав; literally: two-headed), with a 300 m long wall,
- Djawolski Igli (Bulgarian Дяволски игли; literally: devil's needles), a very difficult climbing route in the region,
- Uschite (Bulgarian Ушите; literally: the ears).
Less experienced climbers use the Kuklata (Bulgarian Куклата; literally: the doll) climbing wall , the main route of which is studded. It is opposite the Maljowitsa mountain hut, a 10-minute walk away.
Dwuglaw (2605 m) is located south of the summit Slija sab, at the end of the ridge that has formed between the Teufelsrinne and the Blauer Rinne. Next to the Dwuglaw is the summit Iglata and the ridge of the devil's needles. The south wall of Dwuglaw is approx. 450 m high, the south-east wall 250 m, the east wall ("black wall") 250 m. The starting point for the climbing tours is the Orlowez-2 refuge or the partisan meadow - both 2.5 hours away.
history
The Maljowiza region was the cradle of climbing and mountain hiking in Bulgaria. The first organized expeditions were undertaken by tourists from Samokov in 1921–1922. The impressive north face of the Maljowiza summit was conquered for the first time in 1938 by Konstantin Savadschiew and Georgi Stoimenow. It is 200 m long and has a level of difficulty 5+ on the UIAA scale. This achievement is seen as the birth of Bulgarian mountaineering . The first winter ascent took place in 1959 by Georgi Atanasow and Sandju Beschew. The most difficult routes were not tackled until 1970. In the last 15 years Maljowiza has become a very popular region for climbers and mountaineers.
Usage of names
The mountain is namesake for Malyovitsa Crag , a mountain on Livingston Island in Antarctica. There are Malevitsa streets in several large Bulgarian cities such as Sofia, Plovdiv or Veliko Tarnovo .
Web links
- Official website of the Maliovitza Mountain Hut (Bulgarian)
- Weather station on the Maliovitsahut with webcam to the summit
Individual evidence
- ↑ Homepage about nature in the Rila National Park (English); Retrieved March 3, 2010
- ↑ Website of the Hotel Maljowiza ( Memento of the original from July 4, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (with webcam; English, Bulgarian)
- ↑ Detailed description of the Maljowiza ski resort (English); Retrieved March 3, 2010
- ↑ Height information according to an official sign on the old hut
- ↑ Tourist information on the 7 Rila Lakes ( Memento of the original from May 28, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Extensive information about the mountain, the hut and the Maljowiza camp as tour information on a Bulgarian website
