Malka
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Malka Малка |
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 Malka (Малка) in the western catchment area of the Terek |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | RU : 07020000512108200004118 | |
| location | Kabardino-Balkaria (Russia) | |
| River system | Terek | |
| Drain over | Terek → Caspian Sea | |
| source | North slope of Elbrus 43 ° 26 ′ 30 ″ N , 42 ° 32 ′ 52 ″ E |
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| Source height | approx. 2400 m | |
| muzzle | in the Terek 20 km east of Prochladny Coordinates: 43 ° 43 ′ 51 ″ N , 44 ° 16 ′ 18 ″ E 43 ° 43 ′ 51 ″ N , 44 ° 16 ′ 18 ″ E |
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| Mouth height | approx. 160 m | |
| Height difference | approx. 2240 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 11 ‰ | |
| length | 210 km | |
| Catchment area | 10,000 km² | |
| Outflow location: 28 km above the mouth |
MQ |
97.8 m³ / s |
| Right tributaries | Baksan | |
| Medium-sized cities | Prochladny | |
| Communities | Malka | |
Malka ( Russian Малка ; also known as Balyksu from Karachay-Balkar суу Балыкъ , "Turbid water") is a 210 km long left tributary of the Terek in the North Caucasus Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria in Russia .
course
The Malka arises around 13 km northeast of the Elbrus summit at an altitude of around 2400 m from a multitude of source streams that flow from the glaciers on the north slope of the mountain range at heights between 3,000 and 3,500 m . It flows in a narrow, rocky valley first in a north-northeast direction, breaks through the Skalisty ridge ("rock ridge") of the Great Caucasus , gradually turns in an easterly direction and reaches the plain near the village of Sarmakowo. Over a length of almost 50 km, the river on the middle reaches - otherwise always flowing on the territory of Kabardino-Balkaria - the border to the neighboring Stavropol region . It finally flows into the Terek at the settlement of Priteretschny, about 20 km east of the town of Prochladny . The mouth lies on the border with the neighboring republic of North Ossetia-Alania .
The only major tributary is the opening out from the right at prokhladny Baksan , which is much richer in water at the confluence than the Malka itself (on average by more than five times). A special feature is the Kura river , which flows from the Malka in the form of a bifurcation near the village of Kuba (Kabardino-Balkaria) or Staniza Marjinskaja (Stavropol region) and after about 150 km in the arid regions between Terek and Kuma ("Nogai steppe") ) loses.
Hydrology
The catchment area of the Malka covers 10,000 km². The mean discharge rate 28 km above the estuary is 97.8 m³ / s, to which the Baksan, which flows in a little above, contributes 85%. The winter ice drift is irregular: the Malka freezes over between three days and two months in the lower reaches.
Use and infrastructure
The Malka is not navigable. Their water is used on the lower reaches to irrigate agricultural areas. For this purpose, water is supplied to the Malka via the Baksan-Malka Canal ; the Malka in turn feeds, for example, the Malka-Kura Canal and the Lenin Canal , which joins the Terek-Kuma Canal further east .
The fast flowing upper and middle reaches of the Malka are popular with canoeists .
At the village of Malka named after him , the river is crossed by the M29 highway from Rostov-on-Don to the Azerbaijani border; the railway line to Vladikavkaz crosses it on the lower reaches of Prochladny.