Prochladny ( Russian Прохладный , Kabardian КъалэкӀыхь ) is the second largest city in the Russian republic of Kabardino-Balkaria in the North Caucasus with 59,601 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) .
The city is located in the northern foothills of the Caucasus , around 150 km northeast of the Elbrus and 52 km northeast of the republic capital Nalchik . The closest city is Maiski , 13 km as the crow flies.
history
The place was founded in 1765 as a settlement of the Zaporozhian Cossacks . In the 19th century it was a Cossack military outpost on Russia's southern border with the Caucasus. From 1825 the settlement was called Prokhladnaya. In 1937 it received the official city status under the name Prochladny.
During the Second World War, units of the 1st Panzer Army ( Army Group A ) of the Wehrmacht conquered the village, which, however, was liberated from the German occupiers in January 1943 in the course of the North Caucasian operation of the Soviet armed forces.
↑ a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)