Manila (ship)
.jpg) The construction-like Locksun in US services
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The Manila (1904) and her sister ship Sandakan (II) were built by the Rickmers shipyard for the coastal services of North German Lloyd (NDL) in the Far East. The shipyard had previously built eight similar ships for its own Rickmers Rhederei AG , Bremen. These also all came to the NDL, as the Rickmers family sold their fleet.
Coastal services of the NDL in the Far East
In 1888 the steamer Schwalbe (932 GRT, 12 passengers, 9 knots, 1883 Tecklenborg ) , which was previously used on the England voyage, opened a feeder line from Penang to Sumatra, built by the NDL , to bring tobacco as freight for the imperial mail steamers. From 1889 the new Sumatra building was also used there. The NDL had set up this line at its own initiative. In 1894 the line was largely replaced by the branch line of the Reichspostdampferdienst from Singapore via Sumatra to German New Guinea , on which the Reichspostdampfer for branch lines Lübeck and then Stettin were used.
Acquisition of British lines / East Asian coastal voyage
In 1899/1900 the NDL expanded its coastal services by purchasing two British shipping companies. The East Indian Ocean Steamship Company with eleven steamers (428–2111 GRT in size, built between 1872 and 1895) was bought on May 24, 1899 through the brokerage firm Arnold Otto Meyer , followed in 1900 by the Scottish Oriental Steamship Company with 14 steamers (307–1777 BRT large, built between 1882 and 1896). In addition, there were purchases from other shipping companies, but also new buildings.
With its "East Asian Coastal Voyage", the NDL served lines from Penang to Belawan , from Singapore to Bangkok , Asahan ( North Sumatra ), Pontianak , North Borneo , Sandakan , Labuan and from there to the Sulu Archipelago or Manila , and from Hong Kong to Bangkok and Swatow . All ships also had facilities for passengers and were used for so-called coolie trips to transport workers.
Rickmers coastlines
In 1896 the Rickmers shipping company started a regular liner service to East Asia. This freight liner service was in competition with the NDL from the start. The NDL tried to solve this, chartered three of the liner carriers with purchase options and agreed on a common Yangtze River line. Parts of the Rickmers family and other business partners looked for other solutions; The stake in the Yangtze River was sold to Hapag and four of the liner carriers with purchase options were chartered out to Hapag . The major shipping companies took their purchase options, so that Rickmers coastlines from Hong Kong to Bangkok and Swatow no longer had a main line and the coastal steamers ordered were bought by the NDL.
Branch line of the Reichspostdampferdienst
In 1903, the two sister ships Prinz Waldemar and Prinz Sigismund replaced the old Stettin on the Singapore – New Guinea branch line, which could therefore be navigated much more densely.
Service for the NDL
When the Manila came into service, it was first used on this line. With the two princes , the branch line service was restructured again in 1904. A departure between Hong Kong and Sydney was offered every 12 weeks. The steamer Willehad (4761 BRT, 1894 Blohm & Voss) was used on this line, and the Manila at least for one voyage at the end of 1906 , before 1907 by the converted, earlier Brazil steamer Coblenz (3169 BRT, 1897 Blohm & Voss) a ship was found that was better suited to the "princes".
At the request of the colonial administration, an additional branch route from Singapore to New Guinea was set up again in 1908, on which the Manila drove. It led from Singapore to Batavia , Makassar , Amboina , Banda , Berlinhafen , Potsdamhafen (today Awaro), Alexishafen , Friedrich-Wilhelm-Hafen , Stephansort , Finschhafen , Adolfhafen , Rabaul , Peterhafen to Kavieng . Sometimes even more intermediate ports were called. In 1912 the Manila made 6.5 round trips and had 1,562 passengers. Manila stayed on this service until 1914.
In the months before the outbreak of war, negotiations regarding the future of the Reichspostdampferlinien and the subsidies to be granted took place. The colonial administration pushed for an extension to Apia in order to grant German Samoa a permanent German connection, which had not existed since 1894. The NDL offered such a line, which he wanted to serve with the Manila and her sister ship Sandakan . A contract was no longer concluded.
When the war began, the Manila was in Amboina and was launched. She was delivered in 1919 and a British shipping company took over the ship management on site. In 1922 the ship was sold to China and renamed Siang Lee . In 1927 it was renamed Heng Chong and in 1928 the former Manila was broken off.
Sister ship Sandakan (II)
The Sandakan (1793 BRT) ran on June 25, 1904 at the Rickmers shipyard as construction no. 129 from the stack and was delivered to the NDL on July 29, 1904. It was used in the Singapore-North Borneo service of the NDL and confiscated by the British in Labuan in 1914. In 1922 it was sold to China and renamed Yuang Heng . In 1928 the name was again changed to Heng Cheong . On January 21, 1929, the former Sandakan was lost near Shaweishan Island by stranding.
Half sister ships
| Launch | Construction no. | Surname | tonnage | NDL name | Status / fate |
| 11/04/1899 | 116 | Shantung | 1687 GRT | 8.01 Shantung | Hong Kong – Swatow and other lines, sold in 1911, sunk in 1943 |
| 04/06/1900 | 117 | Tsingtau | 1685 GRT | 01 Tsingtau | Hong Kong – Swatow and other lines, 1914 from Manila to Angaur, supply SMS Geier , released on 22nd September, laid up in Cebu, confiscated in 1917 Yuma , stranded in 1926 |
| 10/01/1901 | 120 | Madeleine Rickmers | 1657 GRT | (03/11) 06 Choising | Hong Kong – Swatow and other lines, September 27, 1914 with 1000 t of coal for SMS Emden from Padang (no meeting), meets with the schooner Ayesha off Padang on December 14 and takes over the Emden landing corps , brings it to Yemen, seized by Italy in Massaua, sunk in 1917 by kuk destroyers near Otranto |
| 05/24/1902 | 121 | Andree Rickmers | 1657 GRT | (03/11) 06 Locksun | Mission on the coastlines, August 20, 1914 from Manila, SMS met Geier near Angaur, together to Honolulu, 1917 confiscated Gulfport , stranded in 1929 |
| 12/18/1902 | 123 | Ellen Rickmers | 1632 GRT | 03/11 Samsen | Coastal service from Bangkok, seized by Siam in July 1917, demolished in 1956 |
| 03/28/1903 | 124 | Elisabeth Rickmers | 1631 GRT | (03/11) 06 Pongtong | Coastal Service South China, 1914 in Manila, confiscated in 1917, sold to China in 1922, destroyed in World War II |
| 10/18/1902 | 125 | Maria Rickmers | 1657 GRT | 11.03 Paklat | Coastal service China, 21 August 1914 seized by British gunboat off Tientsin, sold as Stettin in Germany in 1922 , sold in Turkey, stranded in 1939 |
| 09/05/1903 | 127 | Dorothea Rickmers | 1613 GRT | 3.11 Anghin | Coastal Service East Asia, for supplying cruiser squadrons from Manila to Timor, then Soerabaja, delivered in 1919, sold to China in 1922, demolished in 1938 |
The first two ships had a passenger facility (6 1st class, 32 2nd class, 999 tween decks), the others also had passenger cabins (30 I. / 9 II.). In the service of the NDL they are said to have run as pure freighters with a crew of 29.
All 10 ships were oil-fired.
literature
- Carl Herbert: War voyages of German merchant ships . Broschek & Co, Hamburg 1934.
- Arnold Kludas : The History of German Passenger Shipping . Ernst Pagels, Hamburg 1986–1990.
- Arnold Kludas : The ships of the North German Lloyd 1857-1918 . Köhlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1991, ISBN 3-7822-0524-3 .
- Christine Reinke-Kunze: The history of the Reichspostdampfer . Köhlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1994, ISBN 3-7822-0618-5 .
- Otto J. Seiler: Trip to Australia . ES Mittler & Sohn, Herford 1988, ISBN 3-8132-0270-4 .