Maria Schug-Kösters

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Maria Schug-Kösters (née Kösters) (born February 24, 1900 in Cologne , † August 31, 1975 in Munich ) was a German dentist . In 1923 she was the first woman in Germany to acquire a doctorate in dentistry ; In 1928 she was the first woman in Germany to be licensed for both dentistry and medicine ; In 1938, again as the first woman in Germany, she received a professorship in dentistry.

youth

After the family moved from Cologne, Kösters attended the high school of the English Misses in Regensburg and passed her Abitur there in 1919 ; in the years 1915 to 1918 she had attended the Realgymnasium in Munich .

Studies and academic career

After graduating from high school, Kösters first studied medicine for two semesters, then dentistry. After two years, she moved from the Westphalian Wilhelms University of Münster to the Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, where she took the dentist exam in 1923 and - with a work on stone formation in children supervised by Max Borst - was the first woman in Germany to obtain a doctorate in Doctorate in dentistry . After resuming and completing her medical studies, in 1927 she was the first woman in Germany with both a medical and a dental license . She obtained her medical doctorate in 1928 with examinations of dental caries under Leo von Zumbusch . So Kösters had a doctorate in dentistry with a medical degree, and that in human medicine with a dental degree. After her residency at the Munich Dental Clinic with Peter Paul Kranz habilitated it with a font to the skull measurement using X - stereogrammetry .

Although she temporarily had a practice in Munich's Maximilianstrasse from 1935 , Kösters remained as a lecturer at the University of Munich: in 1938 she was appointed associate professor, in 1939 she was appointed associate professor - as the first woman in her subject and during the time of the National Socialist dictatorship , in which women were primarily assigned the role of housewife and mother, particularly noteworthy. In the assessment by the lecturers, which preceded the appointment, Kösters was described as "certainly not an opponent of the Third Reich" and "politically indifferent".

After the Second World War, Schug-Kösters was temporarily entrusted with the management of the Munich Dental Clinic in 1947 because, unlike her predecessor Peter-Paul Kranz , it was classified as politically unaffected. In the same year, however, she had to hand over the management of the clinic back to Kranz and from then on only headed the conserving department. At the end of 1968, Schug-Kösters retired after she had postponed a request to this effect for two years at the request of the faculty.

Scientific positions

Schug-Kösters took the view early on that inflammation in the tooth can have a negative impact on the entire organism, especially the heart muscle. In her focal research on this problem, she primarily looked for breakdown products of amino acids in the tooth canal.

In the field of conservative dentistry, Schug-Kösters advocated the establishment of children's dentistry as an independent subject.

Private life

Kösters was the daughter of a pharmacist. During her studies and at times also during the Second World War , when she was separated from her husband for professional reasons, she shared an apartment with a friend. In 1941 she married the dentist Anton Schug and a son was born in 1943. The marriage was divorced in 1950, and Schug-Köster's former husband died in the mid-1960s.

Works

In addition to her scientific publications, Schug-Kösters is also the author of four textbooks.

  • Textbook of cavity preparation - including impression technique for inlays . Maudrich, Vienna 1951
  • Treatment of the pulp and apical periodontium , first introduced in 1959; 5th, revised edition edited by Werner Ketterl . Hüthig, Heidelberg 1981, ISBN 3-7785-0685-4
  • Introduction to the treatment of marginal periodontal disease (with Aloys Ring, Werner Ketterl and Christian Hepburn). Werk-Verlag Edmund Banaschewski , Munich 1963
  • Caries and filling methods (with Werner Ketterl, Aloys Ring, H. Schach and H. Toepfer), first 1964, 2nd edition. Werk-Verlag Banaschewski, Munich 1971, ISBN 3-8040-0133-5

literature

  • Renate Strohmeier: Lexicon of natural scientists and women of Europe. From antiquity to the 20th century . Verlag Harri Deutsch , Frankfurt am Main 1998, ISBN 978-3-8171-1567-9
  • Aimée Beck: Maria Schug-Kösters (1900-1975) - life and work . Dissertation on the acquisition of a doctorate in dentistry, Medical Faculty of the Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, 2009

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ quoted from Aimée Beck: Maria Schug-Kösters (1900-1975) - life and work . Dissertation for the acquisition of the doctoral degree in dentistry, Medical Faculty of the Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 2009, p. 19
personal data
SURNAME Schug-Kösters, Maria
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kösters, Maria (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German dentist
DATE OF BIRTH February 24, 1900
PLACE OF BIRTH Cologne
DATE OF DEATH August 31, 1975
Place of death Munich