Leo von Zumbusch

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Leo Franz Caspar Zumbusch , from 1888 Ritter von Zumbusch (born June 28, 1874 in Vienna , † March 30, 1940 in Rimsting am Chiemsee , Upper Bavaria ), was a German dermatologist .

Leo von Zumbusch

Life

Leo von Zumbusch was one of the two sons of the sculptor Caspar Ritter von Zumbusch (1830–1915) and Antonie Vogl (1838–1917). He studied medicine in Vienna , where he received his doctorate in 1898. Then Zumbusch was assistant to Edmund von Neusser , Carl Wilhelm Hermann Nothnagel , Ernst Fuchs , Carl Gussenbauer , Moritz Kaposi and Gustav Riehl (1855-1943). He completed his habilitation in Vienna in 1906, and from 1909 he headed the Rudolf Hospital . Zumbusch became an associate professor in Vienna in 1912 . As early as 1913 he moved to Munich to become head of the University Polyclinic . On May 25, 1914 he was enrolled in the knight class in the Kingdom of Bavaria . In 1917 he became director of the local clinic for skin and venereal diseases, today known as the Thalkirchner Strasse clinic . He was appointed full professor in 1922. Two years later he was made a secret medical councilor.

During the First World War , the dermatologist served as a medical officer. As a member of the Epp Freikorps , he was involved in the suppression of the Munich Soviet Republic in 1919 . He then became a member of the Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten and the DNVP , of which he was a member until 1932.

From 1932 to October 1933, Zumbusch was the last elected rector of the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich before it was brought into line . In 1933 he was elected to the Leopoldina . After an organized denunciation campaign against him, he was in October 1935. due to the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service in the (BBG) retirement added.

Zumbusch married the Austrian graphic artist Nora Exner in 1906 in Vienna . After her death in 1922 he married Johanna Müller (* March 2, 1898; † after 1961), the daughter of the internist Friedrich von Müller (1858-1941) and Friede Küster.

Since 1951, a Leo von Zumbusch memorial lecture initiated by Alfred Marchionini has been held annually at the Dermatological Clinic of the Ludwig Maximilians University , at which leading national and international scientists from the field of dermatology give presentations.

Leo von Zumbusch and National Socialism

In 1933, Leo von Zumbusch was a university professor at the head of Munich University who rejected the Weimar Republic, but was also aloof from National Socialism. Like many national conservative rectors, he navigated between adapting to the new masters and striving to preserve the university's autonomy. Zumbusch did not appear as a speaker at the Munich Book Burning, as is sometimes claimed. But he called on the "gentlemen colleagues" in a circular expressly to take part in the "ceremonial burning at Königsplatz" organized by the National Socialist students.

Nevertheless, shortly after the seizure of power , Zumbusch was massively denounced by staunch National Socialists , especially from the members of his clinic. He was u. a. accused of neither offering nor responding to the Hitler salute, of having made derogatory and contemptuous remarks about Hitler and the Bavarian Minister of Culture, Schemm , and of having spoken out against participating in the National Socialist May Day celebration. He had also refused the clinic's National Socialist Company Cell Organization (NSBO) a lecture hall. One of his senior physicians, Franz Wirz , later head of the NSDAP's university commission , was in the first place behind these attacks . Wirz was supported by the NSDAP shop steward at the Medical Faculty in Munich, Gustav Borger , and the head of the health department in the Bavarian Ministry of the Interior , Walter Schultze , who took over the management of the National Socialist German Lecturers' Association (NSDDB) in 1935 .

Although Zumbusch's successor in the rectorate, Karl Escherich , tried to relieve Zumbusch, the dermatologist was retired by decree of October 15, 1935 on the basis of § 6 BBG. The university was not officially represented at Zumbusch's funeral in 1940.

Publications (selection)

Monographs
  • Therapy of skin diseases. For doctors and students . Deuticke, Leipzig 1908.
  • Atlas of Syphilis . Vogel publishing house, Leipzig 1922.
  • Atlas of skin diseases . 2nd Edition. Verlag Vogel, Leipzig 1926 (with Gustav Riehl).
  • The skin and sexually transmitted diseases. Shown for general practitioners and students. 2nd Edition. Lehmann, Munich 1935.
Essays
  • About lichen albus, a previously undescribed disease . In: Leopold Arzt (Ed.): Archive for Dermatology and Syphilis , Vol. 82, (1906), pp. 339-350.
  • Deaths after salvarsan injections. In: Munich medical weekly. Volume 63, 1916, pp. 750-753.
  • Diagnosis of congenital syphilis . In: Josef Jadassohn u. a. (Ed.): Handbook of skin and sexually transmitted diseases , Vol. 19 (1927).
  • Prognosis of congenital syphilis . In: Josef Jadassohn u. a. (Ed.): Handbook of skin and sexually transmitted diseases . Vol. 19 (1927).
editor

literature

  • Helmut Böhm: From self-administration to the leader principle. The University of Munich in the first years of the Third Reich (1933–36) . Berlin: Duncker & Humblot 1995. ISBN 3-428-08218-4 .
  • Michael Grüttner : Biographical Lexicon on National Socialist Science Policy (= Studies on Science and University History. Volume 6). Synchron, Heidelberg 2004, ISBN 3-935025-68-8 , p. 189.
  • Albrecht Scholz (Ed.): Munich. In: History of German-speaking dermatology . Wiley-VCH, Munich 2009, p. 115. ( extracts can be viewed online )
  • Leo von Zumbusch . In: Karin Orth: Expulsion from the science system. Commemorative book for the committee members of the DFG expelled under National Socialism, Stuttgart: Steiner 2018 (Contributions to the History of the German Research Foundation; 7), pp. 176–183. ISBN 978-3-515-11953-5 .
  • Ernst Klee : The cultural lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-10-039326-5 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume XVI, Page 579, Volume 137 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 2005. ISBN 3-7980-0837-X .
  2. ↑ Michael Grüttner : Biographical Lexicon for National Socialist Science Policy (= Studies on Science and University History. Volume 6). Synchron, Heidelberg 2004, ISBN 3-935025-68-8 , p. 189.
  3. ^ Ernst Klee: The culture lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 687.
  4. ↑ Helmut Böhm: From self-administration to the leader principle. The University of Munich in the first years of the Third Reich (1933–36). Berlin: Duncker & Humblot 1995, pp. 529-531.
  5. ↑ So wrongly: Ernst Klee: Das Kulturlexikon zum Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 687.
  6. ↑ Maximilian Schreiber: Munich, in: Julius H. Schoeps and Werner Treß (eds.), Places of the Book Burnings in Germany 1933, Hildesheim 2008, p. 645 ff.
  7. ↑ Helmut Böhm: From self-administration to the leader principle. P. 530.
  8. ↑ Helmut Böhm: From self-administration to the leader principle. P. 531.
personal data
SURNAME Zumbusch, Leo von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Zumbusch, Leo; Zumbusch, Leo Ritter von; Zumbusch, Leo Franz Caspar (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian-German dermatologist
DATE OF BIRTH June 28, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH March 30, 1940
Place of death Rimsting