Michael Schmaus

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Michael Raphael Schmaus (born July 17, 1897 in Oberbaar , Bavaria , † December 8, 1993 in Gauting , Upper Bavaria ) was a German Roman Catholic theologian and dogmatist .

Michael Schmaus. Signature 1980

Life

Michael Schmaus studied after high school in Rosenheim Catholic Theology at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and in 1924 at Martin grave man to Dr. theol. PhD. In 1922 he was ordained a priest and celebrated the first session on July 16, 1922 in his native Oberbaar. After teaching positions at the Philosophical-Theological University of Freising , at the seminary there and at the University of Munich, he was Professor of Dogmatics at the German-speaking part of the Charles University in Prague (1928–1933) and from 1933 at the Westphalian Wilhelms University in Münster .

From 1946 until his retirement in 1965 he was a full professor for Catholic dogmatics at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich. Joseph Ratzinger, who later became Pope Benedict XVI, was among his students . - with whom he fell out in connection with his habilitation thesis on fundamental theology " The Understanding of Revelation and the Theology of History of Bonaventura " with Gottlieb Söhngen - Gerhard Boß , Josef Finkenzeller , Elisabeth Gössmann , Richard Heinzmann , Stephan Otto , Uta Ranke-Heinemann and Cardinal Leo Scheffczyk . From 1951 to 1952 Schmaus was rector of the LMU Munich.

Schmaus participated as a peritus at the Second Vatican Council .

He was a member of the Catholic student associations of the Cartel Association of Catholic German Student Associations (KV) and an honorary member of the Catholic German Student Association Trifels Munich in the CV. He was also a founding member of the Catholic student union Unitas Prague in 1929 and joined the Unitas Sugambria in Münster in 1933.

Schmaus was buried in the forest cemetery in Munich .

Act

Schmaus significantly reformed Catholic dogmatics through the generally understandable language of his works and the consistent alignment of his theology with Holy Scripture and the works of the Church Fathers . His comprehensive Catholic Dogmatics , published six times, was a standard work of outstanding importance in its time. His books and writings have been translated into numerous languages.

In 1955 Schmaus was the founder of the Munich Theological Journal . A year earlier he founded the Martin Grabmann Research Institute for research into medieval theology and philosophy.

His private library was handed over to the Saxon State Library - Dresden State and University Library (SLUB) in 2007 .

Schmaus commented on points of connection to National Socialist ideology in 1934 in his encounters between Catholic Christianity and National Socialist worldview as follows: “ The tables of National Socialist ought and those of Catholic imperatives point in the same direction. ”In his work, Katholische Dogmatik , published in 1941, he described“ the Jews ”as“ servants of sin ”, for which they“ had no feelings ”, and as“ children, servants of the devil ”.

After moving to Munich, Schmaus was expelled from the university as a professor in November 1946 because of his previous membership of Nazi organizations. Arbitration proceedings first placed him in the group of “fellow travelers”, the appeal hearing as “not affected”. Schmaus was only able to return to the university after the court of cassation in the Bavarian State Ministry confirmed this classification in mid-October 1947.

honors and awards

Festschriften

  • 1957: Festschrift for the 60th birthday
  • 1967: Festschrift for the 70th birthday

Fonts

  • The psychological doctrine of the Trinity of St. Augustine , 1927
  • The Liber propugnatorius of Thomas Anglicus and the doctrinal differences between Thomas Aquinas and Duns Scotus , II: The Trinitarian Doctrinal Differences (Contributions to the History of Philosophy and Theology of the Middle Ages 29), Münster 1930 (Habil.).
  • Encounters between Catholic Christianity and the National Socialist worldview , 1934
  • Catholic dogmatics , 3 volumes in 4 sub-volumes, 1938–1941
  • On the essence of Christianity , Westheim near Augsburg 1947
  • Aurelius Augustinus - On the Triune God , 2nd edition: 3. – 5. Tausend, Munich 1951
  • Together with Karl Forster : The cult and today's man , Munich 1961.
  • The Faith of the Church , 2 volumes, Munich 1969–1970
  • On the mystery of the divine trinity , Karlsruhe 1972, ISBN 3-7617-0037-7

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wolfgang Burr (ed.): Unitas manual . tape 1 . Verlag Franz Schmitt, Siegburg 1995, p. 359 .
  2. ↑ cit. according to Gerhard Bodendorfer: excuse instead of admission of guilt. , www.jcrelations.net
  3. ↑ Norbert Reck: “Christian guilt history and hostility to Jews. Reflections on old and new forms of anti-Semitism . ”In: Hansjörg Schmid / Britta Frede-Wenger: New anti-Semitism? A challenge for interreligious dialogue. Frank & Timme, Berlin 2006, p. 45
  4. ↑ Georg Denzler : “Resistance is not the right word. Catholic priests, bishops and theologians in the Third Reich ”, Pendo, Zurich 2003, pp. 59–66.
  5. ↑ Annuario Pontificio per l'anno 1987 , Città del Vaticano 1987, p. 2031.
personal data
SURNAME Schmaus, Michael
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schmaus, Michael Raphael (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Catholic theologian, dogmatist
DATE OF BIRTH July 17, 1897
PLACE OF BIRTH Oberbaar
DATE OF DEATH December 8, 1993
Place of death Gauting , Bavaria