Marianne von Rantzau
Marianne von Rantzau , also Mariane von Rantzau , completely Marian (n) e Friedericke Susette Sophie von Rantzau (born June 23, 1811 in Testorf bei Zarrentin ; † January 5, 1855 in Berlin ) was a German deaconess and the first superior of the deaconess and Bethanien Hospital (Berlin) .
Life
Marianne von Rantzau came from the Mecklenburg, non-counts branch ( House Pancker and Trahlau ) of the Schleswig-Holstein nobility family ( Equites Originarii ) von Rantzau . She was the daughter of the Mecklenburg-Schwerin forest master Adolf Johann Karl von Rantzau (1786–1861) and his wife Bernhardine, born von Dorne (1787–1836) from the Pannekow family ( Altkalen ), and granddaughter of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Chamberlain and Chief Stable Master Friedrich Franz Melchior von Rantzau (1756–1831) and his wife Marianne, b. von Lützow (1761-1821). The later Prussian general Hermann von Rantzau was her younger brother.
At the age of seven months, at the request of Conventual Louise Friedericia Benedicta Sophia von Rantzau, her great-aunt, she was registered as expectant in the monastery book of the Itzehoe Monastery . Her childhood and youth were marked by contrast: she grew up in the forester's house in Testorf and at the grand ducal court in Ludwigslust , where her uncle Carl von Rantzau (1782–1851) was court marshal to the widowed Hereditary Grand Duchess Auguste and her stepdaughter Helene . Marianne was close friends with Helene, who later became Duchess of Orleans.
In 1840 she got her position as a canoness in Itzehoe, but stayed as an external in the house of her now widowed father in Wittenburg , where she made her first diaconal experience in the management of a school for small children.
She developed an interest in Diakonie and Inner Mission and began correspondence with Johann Heinrich Wichern . 1845 she came to Kaiserswerth to the 1836 by Theodor and Friederike Fliedner founded Diakonissenanstalt Kaiserwerth know. In 1846 she made a tour of European hospitals.
In 1847 she went to Berlin with nine deaconesses from Kaiserswerth and became the first superior of the Bethanien deaconess and hospital in Berlin-Kreuzberg, which was newly founded by the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm IV .
In the seven years of her term of office she created an order for the sisterhood, supervised the expansion of the institution, and asserted her authority as superior over the chaplain.
She died of cancer at the age of 43. Her successor was Anna zu Stolberg-Wernigerode , who had been her deputy since 1854.
memory
Marianne von Rantzau has been commemorating Marianne von Rantzau since 2006 on Marianne von-Rantzau-Strasse in the Berlin district of Friedrichshain near the East Side Gallery .
The Mariannenplatz in front of the former deaconess and hospital and the Mariannenstraße leading to it were named in 1849 after the princess Marianne of Prussia of the same name ( Maria Anna Amalie von Hessen-Homburg , 1785–1846).
literature
- Ernst Schering: Order and development of the female diakonia in the mirror of the correspondence between Theodor and Caroline Fliedner (Kaiserwerth) with Marianne von Rantzau (Berlin). In: Monthly Issues for Protestant Church History of the Rhineland 33 (1984), pp. 65–135
- Ursula Röper: Mariane von Rantzau and the art of humility: piety movement and women's politics in Prussia under Friedrich Wilhelm IV. Stuttgart: Metzler 1997. (= results of women's research 43), also: Berlin, Freie Univ., Diss., 1995
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Rantzau, Marianne von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Rantzau, Mariane von; Rantzau, Mariane Friedericke Susette Sophie von; Rantzau, Marianne Friedericke Susette Sophie von |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German Deaconess, Superior of the Diakonissenhaus Bethanien (Berlin) |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 23, 1811 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Testorf near Zarrentin |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 5, 1855 |
| Place of death | Berlin |