Itzehoe Monastery
The Itzehoe Monastery is a former Cistercian abbey in Itzehoe , which was converted into a noble Protestant women's monastery after the Reformation . An abbess heads the convent of the ladies .
Foundation and relocation
The monastery was originally founded - probably in the 1230s - on a Wurt near Ivenfleth at the mouth of the Stör , which was not yet diked at the time . In 1263 the Cistercian women moved to Itzehoe; probably not least because of the occasional flood.
Land ownership and lordship
The monastery had landed property when it was founded and was able to expand its possessions in the following centuries. The Itzehoe nuns' abbey was also the landlord and court lord in many areas and was able to claim taxes from their monastery subjects who lived there; however, these areas did not form a spatially closed manor. In 1383, the monastery became the sole property owner of the village of Langwedel (Holstein) through donations and purchases . The free peasants had to pay their taxes quarterly; This legal relationship was only ended in 1867 under Prussian administration.
On the often so-called Gallows Hill was the place of execution of the monastery.
Conversion into a noble women's pen
After the Reformation , the monastery was officially converted into a Protestant women's monastery (convent) in 1541. The conventual women are unmarried or widowed, mostly noble ladies. At the head of the convent is an (usually) elected abbess, supported by a prioress. The so-called bitter represents legal concerns and economic interests of the Convention vis-à-vis third parties.
In 1683 Princess Dorothea Louise of Sonderburg-Augustenburg (1663-1721) was appointed abbess by Christian V , King of Denmark and Norway, against the statutes. It was not until 1687 that she was able to take office; nine years later (1696) she built the representative abbess house (cloister courtyard 7).
The monastery area in the 19th and 20th centuries
In Itzehoe, the cloister courtyard at the St. Laurentii Church , on which there are still former monastery buildings, and the rest of the area belonging to the monastery formed one of several jurisdictions and finally an independent rural community , which expanded the city jurisdiction or the town of Itzehoe made difficult into the 20th century. The last area of this independent rural community was the monastery courtyard, which formed an enclave in the middle of Itzehoe. In 1935/36 it was forcibly incorporated into Itzehoe.
The aristocratic monastery has mainly retained land and forest property . For example, it is the landowner of the Itzehoe swimming center, the construction of which is based on a leasehold contract with the aristocratic monastery. The Stormsteich , leased to the city of Itzehoe, also belongs to the monastery. It is also the forest owner of the Itzehoer Klosterforsts and 75 hectares of forest, which are 20 kilometers north of Itzehoe. The Hackstruck within Itzehoe, which was sold to the Itzehoe Clinic , was also part of it until 2013 .
Abbesses, prioresses and bitterness of the Itzehoe monastery
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bitter | |
|---|---|
| Surname | Term of office |
| Daniel Goschessohn v. Rantzau († May 1, 1658) | probably until 1662 |
| Gosche von Buchwaldt | from 1662 |
| Friedrich von Reventlow | around 1705 |
| Claus von Reventlow | Mid 18th century |
| Count von Brockdorf , perhaps Cay Lorenz von Brockdorff | End of the 18th century |
| Christian zu Rantzau | 1829-1838 |
| Detlev Heinrich von Bülow | around 1841 |
| Baron Adolf von Blome | 1852-1856 |
| Friedrich-Christian Count of Kielmannsegg | 1959-1982 |
| Hans Graf zu Rantzau | currently |
Individual evidence
- ↑ See Pelc: The Itzehoe Monastery. P. 43 f. (see below ).
- ↑ See Pelc: The Itzehoe Monastery. P. 47 f. (see below ).
- ↑ See Pelc: The Itzehoe Monastery. P. 58. (see below ).
- ↑ See Pelc: The Itzehoe Monastery. , P. 61. (see below ).
- ↑ Sale of Hackstruck and purchase of 75 hectares of forest , report on shz.de from June 15, 2013, accessed on March 23, 2020
- ^ Sarcophagus in the Ahlefeldt Chapel of Lübeck's Aegidien Church, BuK II, p. 469.
- ^ Rudolf Irmisch : History of the city of Itzehoe. Itzehoe 1960 (published by the city of Itzehoe), p. 495.
- ↑ Royal. Danish Court and State Calendar for 1841, page 22
literature
- Eike von Hacht, Working Group Itzehoer Geschichte (ed.): Juliane Princess zu Hessen-Kassel (1773-1860), abbess of the noble monastery of Itzehoe. A life between class barriers and self-determination. Itzehoe 2008, ISBN 978-3-00-024065-2 .
- Reimer Hansen : The foundation of the Itzehoe monastery. In: ZSHG 39 (1909), pp. 253-262.
- Lorenz Hein: Itzehoe. In: Ulrich Faust: Germania Benedictina . Vol. XII. The men's and women's convents of the Cistercians in Lower Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein and Hamburg. St. Ottilien 1994, pp. 268-281.
- Dieter-Jürgen Mehlhorn: Monasteries in Schleswig-Holstein. Itzehoe, Preetz, Schleswig and Uetersen. Boyens, Heide 2004, ISBN 978-3-8042-1145-2 .
- Ortwin Pelc : The Itzehoe Monastery. From the Cistercian convent to the noble women's monastery. In: Stadt Itzehoe (ed.): Itzehoe. History of a city in Schleswig-Holstein. Vol. 1, Itzehoe 1988, pp. 43-61, pp. 108-112.
- Markus Posselt: The Schleswig-Holstein monasteries after the Reformation. Itzehoe 1894.
- Robert Renner: Langwedel, Blocksdorf - Enkendorf - Pohlsee. Editing and design by Winfried Sarnow. Printing and publishing company Husum 1983.
- Otto Voss: The development of the Itzehoe nunnery from its beginnings to the end of the Reformation. Dissertation, University of Kiel 1948/49.
Web links
- Website of the noble monastery of Itzehoe
- Monastery project of the University of Kiel
- Itzehoer Klosterhof as a separate legal district
Coordinates: 53 ° 55 '25.82 " N , 9 ° 31' 9.08" E