Maropitant

Structural formula
General
Surname	Maropitant
other names	(2 S , 3 S ) -2-benzhydryl- N - (5-tert-butyl-2-methoxybenzyl) -quinuclidin-3-amine
Molecular formula	C 32 H 40 N 2 O
External identifiers / databases
PubChem	204108
ChemSpider	176805
Wikidata	Q3849795
Drug information
ATC code	Q A04AD90
Drug class	Antiemetic
Mechanism of action	NK 1 antagonist
properties
Molar mass	468.67 g · mol -1
safety instructions
	Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
H and P phrases	H: 318-373-411
	P: 260-273-280-310-314-337 + 313-391-501
Toxicological data	2000 mg kg −1 ( LD , rat , transdermal , citrate monohydrate) ; 1000 mg kg −1 ( LD , rat , oral , methanesulfonate ) ;
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Maropitant is a drug selected from the group of anti-emetics (medications that nausea and vomiting suppress), which in the veterinary medicine is used. From a chemical point of view, it belongs to the quinuclidinamines. Maropitant has two centers of chirality , so there are four enantiomers . The authorization holder is currently the pharmaceutical company Zoetis .

Clinical information

Application areas (indications)

Maropitant is mainly used in dogs and cats . It is used as a versatile antiemetic (prophylaxis and therapy). A gift may also be indicated if you are motion sick . In dogs, it can be given as part of chemotherapy . The administration is contraindicated in the presence of liver or heart disease . Young dogs have not been included in safety studies. Maropitant is a weak calcium channel blocker , therefore simultaneous therapy with such drugs should be avoided.

Adverse effects (side effects)

After subcutaneous injection, a mild to moderate pain reaction can occur, especially with formulations with the preservative metacresol. In cats, application can lead to mineralization of the infiltrates in the subcutaneous tissue. Contact with the eyes should be avoided as maropitant is extremely irritating to the eyes.

Pharmacological properties

Maropitant is a non- peptide competitive antagonist of substance P at the tachykinin receptor NK ₁ , i. H. it prevents the natural ligand from binding to the receptor. It is metabolized by a cytochrome P450 system and 90% is excreted in the liver. In the dog the half-life is 4 hours to 5 hours, in the cat 13 to 16. The bioavailability is 50% in the cat and around 25% in the dog.

Other Information

The drug (like aprepitant ) was originally developed for human medicine as a supplement to the 5-HT ₃ antagonists . In animal experiments, maropitant showed a positive effect on ulcerative dermatitis.

Trade names

Cerenia, Emex, Prevomax

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Safety data sheet Maropitant Citrate Tablets from Zoetis, accessed on May 22, 2014.
↑ ^a ^b ^c H. Frey, W. Löscher u. a .: Textbook of pharmacology and toxicology for veterinary medicine . 3. Edition. Enke, 2009, ISBN 978-3-8304-1079-9 , p. 307.
^ V. De La Puente Redondo, N. Tilt et al. a .: Efficacy of maropitant for treatment and prevention of emesis caused by intravenous infusion of cisplatin in dogs. In: American Journal of Veterinary Research . 68, No. 1, 2007, pp. 48-56.
↑ Misty J. Williams-Fritze et al. a .: Maropitant Citrate for Treatment of Ulcerative Dermatitis in Mice with a C57BL / 6 Background . In: Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science: JAALAS . tape 50 , no. 2 , March 2011, p. 221-226 , PMID 21439216 .

[Zoetis-1] Safety data sheet Maropitant Citrate Tablets from Zoetis, accessed on May 22, 2014.

[Frey-2] H. Frey, W. Löscher u. a .: Textbook of pharmacology and toxicology for veterinary medicine . 3. Edition. Enke, 2009, ISBN 978-3-8304-1079-9 , p. 307.

[3] V. De La Puente Redondo, N. Tilt et al. a .: Efficacy of maropitant for treatment and prevention of emesis caused by intravenous infusion of cisplatin in dogs. In: American Journal of Veterinary Research . 68, No. 1, 2007, pp. 48-56.

[4] Misty J. Williams-Fritze et al. a .: Maropitant Citrate for Treatment of Ulcerative Dermatitis in Mice with a C57BL / 6 Background . In: Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science: JAALAS . tape 50 , no. 2 , March 2011, p. 221-226 , PMID 21439216 .