Earl of Pembroke

This article deals with the title of nobility; for the ship of the same name see Endeavor .

Earl of Pembroke is a hereditary British title in the Peerage of England , named after the village of Pembroke or the nearby Pembroke Castle in Wales . In addition, the title of Marchioness of Pembroke / Marquess of Pembroke was once awarded (see Anne Boleyn ).

The family seat of the current Earls is Wilton House in Wiltshire .

Awards

The title has been awarded a total of ten times. This was done for the first time in 1138 by the English King Stephan to Gilbert de Clare . With the extinction of this Clare line , the title expired in 1185.

The second award came just four years later to Sir William Marshal of the Marshal family , one of the most famous and best knights of his time. He had married the eldest daughter of the second earl from the previous award. The title expired in 1245 when Marshall's last grandson died.

Two years later, in 1247, the title was created for the third time, now to William de Valence , an influential Anglo-French peer. In 1324 the dignity again expired when his son died.

On September 1, 1533 king made Henry VIII. , His wife Anne Boleyn to the Marchioness of Pembroke and Marquess of Pembroke in its own right - his great-uncle Jasper Tudor Earl of Pembroke was, and Henry's father , Henry VII. Was born here. It went out because Anne Boleyn died without male descendants. However, if her only daughter Elizabeth could have inherited the title, it would have merged with the crown anyway.

The title of today's Earl of Pembroke was created in 1551 in the tenth bestowal for the courtier William Herbert from the Herbert family . Today's title holder is his descendant William Herbert, 18th Earl of Pembroke .

Subordinate title

The current Earl of Pembroke also bears the title of Earl of Montgomery (1605) bestowed on the younger son of the second Earl before he succeeded as fourth Earl of Pembroke, as well as the subordinate titles of Baron Herbert of Cardiff , of Cardiff in the County of Glamorgan (1551), Baron Herbert of Shurland , of Shurland on the Isle of Sheppey in the County of Kent (1605) and Baron Herbert of Lea , of Lea in the County of Wiltshire (1861). All of these titles belong to the Peerage of England , with the exception of the last, which belongs to the Peerage of the United Kingdom .

List of the Earls and Marchioness of Pembroke

Earls of Pembroke, first bestowed (around 1138)

• Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke (1100–1148)
• Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (1130–1176)
• Gilbert de Striguil, 3rd Earl of Pembroke (1173–1185)

Coat of arms of the Earls of Pembroke second award

Earls of Pembroke, second bestowal (1189)

• William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke (1144-1219)
• William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (1190-1231)
• Richard Marshal, 3rd Earl of Pembroke (around 1191–1234)
• Gilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of Pembroke († 1241)
• Walter Marshal, 5th Earl of Pembroke (around 1199-1245)
• Anselm Marshal, 6th Earl of Pembroke († 1245)

Coat of arms of the Earls of Pembroke third award

Earls of Pembroke, third bestowal (1247)

• William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembroke (around 1225–1296)
• Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (1270-1324) (extinct)

Coat of arms of the Earls of Pembroke fourth award

Earls of Pembroke, fourth bestowal (1339)

• Lawrence Hastings, 1st Earl of Pembroke (1318-1348)
• John Hastings, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (1347-1375)
• John Hastings, 3rd Earl of Pembroke (1372-1389) (extinct)

Coat of arms of the Earls of Pembroke fifth award

Earls of Pembroke, fifth bestowal (1414)

• Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester , Earl of Pembroke (1390–1447) (extinct)

Coat of arms of the Earls of Pembroke sixth award

Earls of Pembroke, sixth bestowal (1446)

• William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk , 1st Earl of Pembroke (1396–1450) (extinct)

Earls of Pembroke, seventh bestowal (1452)

• Jasper Tudor, 1st Duke of Bedford , 1st Earl of Pembroke (around 1431–1495) (forfeited 1461; reinstated 1485) (extinct)

Earls of Pembroke, eighth bestowal (1468)

• William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (1423–1469)
• William Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke († 1490) (resignation 1479)

Earls of Pembroke, ninth bestowal (1479)

• Eduard Plantagenet, 1st Earl of Pembroke (1470–1483) (merged with the crown in 1483)

Marchioness of Pembroke (1533)

• Anne Boleyn , Marchioness of Pembroke (1507–1536)

Coat of arms of the Earls of Pembroke tenth award

Earl of Pembroke, tenth award (1551)

• William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (1501–1570)
• Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (1538–1601)
• William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke (1580-1630)
• Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke, 1st Earl of Montgomery (1584–1649)
• Philip Herbert, 5th Earl of Pembroke, 2nd Earl of Montgomery (1621–1669)
• William Herbert, 6th Earl of Pembroke, 3rd Earl of Montgomery (1642–1674)
• Philip Herbert, 7th Earl of Pembroke, 4th Earl of Montgomery (around 1652–1683)
• Thomas Herbert, 8th Earl of Pembroke, 5th Earl of Montgomery (1656–1733)
• Henry Herbert, 9th Earl of Pembroke, 6th Earl of Montgomery (1693–1750)
• Henry Herbert, 10th Earl of Pembroke, 7th Earl of Montgomery (1734–1794)
• George Augustus Herbert, 11th Earl of Pembroke, 8th Earl of Montgomery (1759–1827)
• Robert Henry Herbert, 12th Earl of Pembroke, 9th Earl of Montgomery (1791–1862)
• George Herbert, 13th Earl of Pembroke, 10th Earl of Montgomery (1850–1895)
• Sidney Herbert, 14th Earl of Pembroke, 11th Earl of Montgomery (1853–1913)
• Reginald Herbert, 15th Earl of Pembroke, 12th Earl of Montgomery (1880-1960)
• Sidney Herbert, 16th Earl of Pembroke, 13th Earl of Montgomery (1906–1969)
• Henry Herbert, 17th Earl of Pembroke, 14th Earl of Montgomery (1939–2003)
• William Herbert, 18th Earl of Pembroke, 15th Earl of Montgomery (* 1978)

The heir ( Heir Apparent ) is his son Reginald Henry Michael Herbert, Lord Herbert (* 2012).
Until his birth, George Herbert, 8th Earl of Carnarvon (* 1958) was likely heir ( Heir Presumptive ) of both Earl dignities, but not the Barony Herbert of Lea.

literature

• GT Clark: The Earls, Earldom and Castle of Pembroke (Tenby 1880)
• JR Planche: "The Earls of Strigul" in Volume X of the "Proceedings of the British Archaeological Association" (1855)
• George Edward Cokayne : The Complete Peerage , Volume VI. (London, 1895).
• Giraldus Cambrensis : Expugnatio hibernica
• GH Orpen (Ed.): The Song of Dermot (1892).
• W. Stubbs: Constitutional History, chap. XII and XIV (Oxford, 1896/97).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ William Alexander Sidney Herbert, 18th Earl of Pembroke on thepeerage.com , accessed September 16, 2016.