Martha Elisabeth Rogers

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Martha Elisabeth Rogers (born May 12, 1914 in Dallas , Texas , † March 13, 1994 in Phoenix , Arizona ) was an American nursing theorist , nursing researcher and professor of nursing. She developed the nursing theory of the science of the unified human on which the associated nursing outcome model is based. Her theoretical work is considered one of the milestones in the reorientation of American nursing science in the 1970s. Rogers' work, also known as energy field theory, is also considered to be one of the foundations of Therapeutic Touch .

Youth and basic education

Martha Rogers was born in Dallas on May 12, 1914, the eldest of four children to Lucy Mullholland Keener and Bruce Taylor Rogers. Shortly after she was born, the family moved to Knoxville , Tennessee , where Martha Rogers received her undergraduate education. She studied at the local University of Tennessee from 1931 to 1933 . At this point in time, your career aspirations were not yet pronounced; she occupied u. a. studied French, zoology, genetics, embryology, mathematics and psychology and completed her studies with an associate degree .

She decided to train as a nurse and graduated from the General Hospital in Knoxville. After graduating, she moved to George Peabody College in Nashville in 1936 , where she received a Bachelor of Science degree in Public Health Nursing a year later . She then took a job as a community nurse in Michigan .

Academic and professional development

1940 visited Rogers the Teachers College of Columbia University in New York City and was subsequently appointed Deputy conducting lessons sister of the Visiting Nurses of Hartford in Connecticut . She continued her studies as a sideline and finished her studies in educational science in 1945 with a master's degree . She was then appointed director of the Visiting Nurse Service of Phoenix . In 1951 she continued her studies at Johns Hopkins University and in 1952 earned a master's degree in public health. Her doctorate in science followed in 1954. In the same year she was appointed professor and director of the nursing department at New York University . She retired in 1979 and was available to the university as a professor emerita until 1994.

Rogers died on March 13, 1994 in Phoenix.

Research and theory development

After around 20 years of research, Rogers published her central work in 1970 under the title A Introduction to the Theoretical Basis of Nursing . In this, she presents four principles of homeodynamics , which heralded a paradigm shift in nursing science as a reductionist , mechanistic and analytical approach . The work, which was initially heavily criticized by doctors in particular, is now considered to be the trigger for nursing to turn away from the medical model to a nursing-scientific understanding of nursing. Her Science of Unitary Human Beings , which was also presented, describes her nursing theory of the science of the unitary human being , which is strongly scientifically oriented and characterized by a very high degree of abstraction. In their view, humans are to be understood as a unified whole that, as an open system, constantly exchanges energy and matter with its environment. The life process of the individual irreversibly follows a direction along the time-space continuum. Due to his psychological peculiarities, the human being is characterized as a thinking and perceiving being.

honors and awards

Rogers received a total of eight honorary doctorates ; she was also given the unusual honor of having a star in the Great Bear named after her. The Rogerian School Society is named after her.

literature

  • LM Hektor: Martha E. Rogers: a life history. In: Nursing Science Quarterly , 1989 Summer, 2 (2), pp. 63-73, PMID 2654782 .
  • Violet Malinski, Elisabeth Ann Manhart Barret: Martha E. Rogers. Her Life and Her Work. Davis Company, 1994, ISBN 0-8036-5807-9
  • Ann Marriner-Tomey : Nursing Theorists and Their Work. Recom-Verlag, 1992, ISBN 3-315-00082-4 , pp. 581-604
  • Horst-Peter Wolff (Ed.): Rogers, Martha E. In: Lexicon for care history. “Who was who in nursing history.” Ullstein Mosby, 1997, ISBN 3-86126-628-8 , pp. 165–166

Web links

References and comments

  1. ^ Martha E. Rogers: An Introduction to the Theoretical Basis of Nursing . FA Davis Company, 1970, ISBN 0-8036-7490-2
  2. ↑ Chris M. McQuiston, Adele A. Webb: Foundations of Nursing Theory: Contributions of 12 Key Theorists. Sage Publications, 1995, ISBN 0-8039-7137-0 , pp. 3-38
  3. ↑ RA 9h 33m 56s D 48 ° 9 '
personal data
SURNAME Rogers, Martha Elisabeth
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rogers, Martha E.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American nursing theorist and researcher
DATE OF BIRTH May 12, 1914
PLACE OF BIRTH Dallas
DATE OF DEATH March 13, 1994
Place of death Phoenix (Arizona)