Martin Hänisch

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Martin Hänisch (born July 28, 1910 in Dresden ; † January 10, 1998 ibid) was a German graphic artist and painter .

Life

As the son of a grave sculptor , he learned how to use tools to shape images in his father's workshop early on. Hänisch learned the profession of porcelain painter in Meißen from 1925 to 1929 . From 1928 he took evening classes at the Guido Richter art school in Dresden. 1929–1933 he attended courses at the Marxist Workers' School (MASCH) in Dresden with Hermann Duncker and in 1929 became a member of the Association of Revolutionary Visual Artists in Germany (ASSO). He maintained close contacts to Dresden artists of the ASSO and their sympathizers: Herbert Gute , Wilhelm Lachnit , Otto Griebel , Hans and Lea Grundig , Eva Schulze-Knabe , Fritz Schulze , Werner Hofmann , Willy Tag and Fritz Gothe and was politically active.

In 1938/1939 he was imprisoned in Dresden's Mathildenstrasse ('Mathilde') prison for “preparation for high treason ” and then worked as a porcelain painter at the Fürstenberg porcelain manufactory until 1940 . In the same year he returned to Dresden and worked as a draftsman and writer in Dresden. In 1943 he was drafted into the Penal Battalion 999 and used on the island of Rhodes . In 1945 he became a British prisoner of war and was sent to a camp in Egypt. In 1947 he was released to Germany and returned to Dresden.

From 1950 he was employed as a scientific and graphic employee at the cultural studies institute of the TH Dresden under Ludwig Renn , at the same time he worked as a book illustrator and commercial artist. In 1951/52 he designed the state emblem of the GDR together with Herbert Gute .

From 1958 to 1963 he was a lecturer at the workers and farmers faculty of the Dresden University of Fine Arts (HfBK), then until 1975 lecturer for typeface design at the HfBK in Dresden. He then worked as a freelance graphic artist, type designer and illustrator of numerous books in Dresden.

Works (selection)

Memorial plaque for the May Uprising of 1849, Tzschirnerplatz, east side of the Albertinum
Memorial plaque for Chopin on Schloßstraße , Dresden

Martin Hänisch worked as a commercial artist before the war, while doing graphics, watercolors and individual paintings. After his return from captivity, he created numerous book illustrations, poster designs and designed briefs. In addition to his work as a lecturer in writing, graphic works, watercolors, pastels and paintings were created again and again. His late work are the numerous designs for memorial plaques that he freely cut into the plaster models by hand. For the Semperoper he created the font templates for all of the house's inscriptions, including the digits for the five-minute clock above the stage. In old age he again illustrated numerous books.

Book illustrations

  • Wolfgang Joho: Die Hirtenflöte, Aufbau Verlag, 1947
  • Heinrich Mann, Der Untertan, Aufbau Verlag, 1949/50
  • Mark Twain: Tom Sawyer's Adventures, 1950/53
  • Ludwig Renn: Morelia, Aufbau Verlag, 1951
  • Max Zimmering: Buttje Pieter and his hero, 1951/65
  • Ludwig Renn: In Mexico
  • Ludwig Renn: From old and new Romania, 1952
  • Annemarie Reinhardt: Into the summer, 1952
  • Auguste Lazar: Jan auf der Zille, Kinderbuch Verlag, 1953
  • Werner Bauer: 2: 2 for grade 8, children's book publisher,
  • Veres: The Servants of Lord Csatary, 1952
  • Norbert Klaus Fuchs: Billmuthausen - the condemned village (cover picture), Verlag Frankenschwelle, 1991; New edition 2010 Greifenverlag
  • Rudolf Scholz: Dresden Epigrams, 2003
  • Elbe Florentine Miniatures, 1994
  • Elbe Sandstone Mountains, 1995

Bronze plaques

other works

  • Design of the GDR coat of arms together with Herbert Gute
  • Draft of the font templates for the Semperoper

Participation in exhibitions

  • 1958, 1962, 1972 art exhibition of the GDR, Dresden
  • 1972, 1974, 1979 district art exhibition in Dresden
  • 1960 City Museum , Karl-Marx-Stadt (Chemnitz)
  • 1978 Revolution and Realism, Altes Museum , Berlin
  • 2011/12 New Objectivity in Dresden. Painting of the twenties from Dix ​​to Querner , October 1, 2011 - January 8, 2012, Kunsthalle im Lipsius-Bau , Dresden

Awards

literature

  • Martin Hänisch . In: Birgit Dalbajewa (ed.): New Objectivity in Dresden . Sandstein Verlag, Dresden 2011, ISBN 978-3-942422-57-4 , p. 233 .

Web links

Commons : Martin Hänisch  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans-Peter Klausch: The history of the probation battalions 999…, Cologne 1987, Pahl-Rugenstein Verlag, Hochschulschriften 245, vol. 1: p. 447 ff .; Vol. 2: pp. 741 ff .; ISBN 3-7609-5245-3
  2. ^ Creation of the emblem of the GDR together with Martin Hänisch , Herbert Gute estate, no. 3594–3612; Saxon State and University Library Dresden
  3. ↑ Norbert Fuchs: The cheerfulness should not be lost in all work, views of the Dresden graphic artist and painter Martin Hänisch, Sächsische Zeitung, supplement we, number 41, October 14, 1988
  4. ^ Art in public space , information brochure of the state capital Dresden, December 1996
personal data
SURNAME Hänisch, Martin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German graphic artist and painter
DATE OF BIRTH July 28, 1910
PLACE OF BIRTH Dresden
DATE OF DEATH January 10, 1998
Place of death Dresden