Mautner (family)

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The Mautner family is an Austrian family from Bohemia . Its importance in the 19th and 20th centuries lay on the one hand in entrepreneurship and on the other in the cultural and artistic fields. In the 19th century, the family founded one of the largest European textile companies in Europe at the time, with around 23,000 employees in its heyday.

The most important representative of the family is Isidor Mautner , born in Náchod in East Bohemia , who was accepted as a partner in what is now Isaac Mautner & Son by his father Isaak Mautner in 1874 and who took over the management of the Vienna branch founded in 1867.

Isidor was married to Jenny, née Neumann (1856–1938), daughter of a Viennese silk merchant. She was considered to be very interested in art and a patron . Through them numerous artists frequented their Viennese domicile, in the Geymüllerschlössel . She herself sang in a women's choir under the direction of the opera singer Selma Kurz . The sculptor Josef Breitner and the painter Ferdinand Schmutzer took over the artistic education of the children in the Mautner house. Isidor and Jenny's marriage resulted in the sons Stephan and Konrad and the daughters Katharina and Marie .

Stephan Mautner (1877–1944), like his father, held a leading position in the textile empire. Before that, however, he traveled to East Asia on various ships of the Kuk Marine as the commanding commercial reporter of the Department of Commerce and then returned via the United States. In 1900 he married Elsa Eissler (1877–1944), with whom he had four children. After the collapse of his father's group of companies and his death, he retired from all business functions in 1930 and devoted himself to painting. In addition to his artistic education at home, he had also received additional training from the painter Hugo Charlemont . After Austria's " annexation " to the National Socialist German Reich , Stephan Mautner emigrated to Budapest with his wife on November 3, 1938 . The dates of death are not entirely saved. According to various sources, he was murdered in Auschwitz concentration camp in July 1944 .

Konrad Mautner (1880–1924) attended the Schottengymnasium in Vienna for two years . Otherwise he received private lessons, mainly from the Viennese philosopher Richard Wahle . He spent a year of college in the United States , from which he returned disaffected. In 1909 he married his cousin Anna, with whom he had five children. He increasingly rejected his father's entrepreneurship, converted to Protestantism in 1919 and retired from all entrepreneurial functions in 1921. He stayed most of the time at Grundlsee in Ausseer Land, where he owned a villa and undertook extensive folklore studies.

Katharina (Käthy) Breuer-Mautner (1883–1979), like her siblings, was brought up musically. Like her mother, she was a choir singer and sang in the choirs of Bruno Walter and Eusebius Mandyczewski . Katharina was married to the lawyer Hans Breuer, the son of the physician and co-founder of the psychoanalysis Josef Breuer . The marriage produced three sons. In 1939 Katharina, who had been widowed since 1926, fled to England. In contrast to her son Franz, she did not return to Vienna after the Second World War , but lived in Reading until her death .

Marie Mautner-Kalbeck (1886–1972) devoted herself primarily to painting and supported her brother Konrad in his ethnographic research. In 1919 she married the director Paul Kalbeck (1884-1949), who had previously been married to Helene Thimig . With him she had a son, the writer Florian Kalbeck and the daughter Marianne, who emigrated to England in 1938, initially without her family. Marie followed her in 1939 and returned to Austria with her daughter in 1947. Paul Kalbeck and her son Florian were in exile in Switzerland at the time. Her son also returned to Vienna after the war.

The decline of the industrial empire of the Mautner family began with the end of Austria-Hungary after the First World War . Isidor Mautner's commitment to the "Neue Wiener Bankgesellschaft", headed by his son Stefan, proved to be fatal, the decline of which cost him a large part of his financial resources. The family's textile factories also included the branch in Marienthal from 1925 to 1929 , after the collapse of which in 1933 the study The Unemployed von Marienthal was carried out. The works of art and goods the family lost through auctions due to lack of money or through the Aryanization and expulsion initiated in 1938 are still being investigated today. Negotiations on restitution have not yet been concluded.

In 1993 the Mautnerweg in Vienna- Währing (18th district) was named after Konrad Mautner. To the family Mautner also remember the Mautner street in Trattenbach and a plaque for Konrad Mautner in Gößl am Grundlsee. Also known are the "Mautner prints", traditional costumes that were developed by Konrad Mautner's widow Anna.

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Individual evidence

  1. ^ Restitution report 2007 (PDF; 1.2 MB) of the City of Vienna, page 100 ff