Max Planck Institute for Iron Research

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Max Planck Institute for
Iron Research GmbH
Max Planck Institute for Iron Research GmbH
Institute building in Düsseldorf
Category: research Institute
Carrier: none (legally independent GmbH )
Facility location: Dusseldorf
Type of research: Basic research
Subjects: Natural sciences
Areas of expertise: Materials science
Management: Dierk Raabe
(Chairman of the Management Board)
Employee: approx. 350
Homepage: www.mpie.de

The Max Planck Institute for Iron Research GmbH (MPIE) is a non-university research facility in Düsseldorf . The institute has been legally independent since 1971 in the form of a GmbH , shareholders are the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science. V. (MPG) and the steel institute VDEh . The institute's area of activity is application-oriented and interdisciplinary basic research in the field of iron , steel and related materials.

history

The founding of the institute was decided in March 1917 on the initiative of Otto Petersen by the Association of German Ironworking People, now the VDEh Steel Institute , chaired by Friedrich Springorum . In the same year, the decision was implemented by the new VDEh chairman Albert Vögler and the new institute was incorporated into the Kaiser Wilhelm Society as the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Iron Research with Düsseldorf as its location , with the financing being taken over by the steelworks association . The founding director was Fritz Wüst , Professor of Metallurgy at the TH Aachen , so that the new Kaiser Wilhelm Institute began its work in 1918 at Wüst's Ironworks Institute in Aachen .

In 1921 it was relocated to Düsseldorf, where the institute was initially housed in a hall of what was then the Rheinische Metallwaaren- und Maschinenfabrik . After Wüst retired on December 31, 1922, his previous deputy and head of the mechanical-technological department, Friedrich Körber, became institute director at Wüst's suggestion . During his first year in office, the institute got into great difficulties due to extreme inflation and the occupation of the Ruhr , from which the institute slowly recovered from 1924. Since 1925, additional support from the German Research Foundation has contributed to this.

The institute continued to develop successfully, so that the previous buildings were no longer sufficient and Körber and his employees began to plan a future-proof, modern institute building. In 1934–1935, the VDEh, chaired by Albert Vögler, built what is now the institute's building, the House of the Iron Industry, on a piece of land made available by the city for a purpose .

Before and during the war , the institute was integrated into the system of war-relevant research of National Socialism. The institute was relocated to the Clausthal mining academy in 1943 due to severe bomb damage . Körber died in 1944 and Franz Wever , head of the physics department , became director of the institute. In 1945, the Duesseldorf Institute site was from the British occupied , but the VDEh CEO Otto Petersen succeeded in raising funds from the steel industry, so that even from 1946 to 1947 the institute building to be rebuilt and the Institute of Clausthal could return. After the Max Planck Society was founded in 1948, the institute was taken over by it.

With its research work, the institute achieved top positions worldwide, as shown, for example, by the investigations into the temporal course of the transformations of steels with the discovery of the intermediate structure , which was first examined in detail by Wever and H. Lange and was internationally known as bainite . After Wever's retirement in 1959, Willy Oelsen , Professor of Metallurgy and Foundry at the Clausthal Mining Academy, was appointed director of the institute. He was well acquainted with the institute because he had been head of the chemical and metallurgical department there before the war . The institute was now divided into laboratories. Laboratory Head of the Laboratory constitution research was Adolf Rose . Together with him, Angelica Schrader published the standard work De ferri metallographia (Alta auctoritas Communitatis Europaeae carbonis ferrique), part 2: Structure of the steels (Verlag Stahleisen, Düsseldorf 1966). In 1953 Otto Krisement took over the management of the newly established microcalorimetric laboratory . Wolfgang Pitsch continued Angelica Schrader's work and headed the metal physics group . Oelsen headed the institute until his death in 1970.

With the appointment of Hans-Jürgen Engell as institute director and scientific member of the Max Planck Society in 1971, the institute was restructured with department heads as directors at the institute and scientific members of the Max Planck Society. The institute has been a limited liability company of the two partners Max Planck Society and VDEh since 1971 and, unlike the other Max Planck institutes, has been legally independent since then. Engell ensured that basic research was expanded to include materials outside the institute's traditional field of work, so that intermetallic phases and their alloys were also examined in particular.

After Engell's retirement in 1990, Peter Neumann was appointed director of the institute, who had been director of the physical metal science department since 1980 . Under his direction, the general renovation of the institute began in 1999 , and he introduced collegial management of the institute. In 2004 Neumann retired. Martin Stratmann , who returned to the institute in 2000 as a Scientific Member of the Max Planck Society and Director of the Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Technology, took over the chairmanship of the management (regularly until 2010) . This was followed by Dierk Raabe , Scientific Member of the Max Planck Society and Director of the Department of Microstructure Physics and Alloy Design since 1999, who received the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize in 2004 for his formative influence on modern materials science. To this end, Jörg Neugebauer (2004), Anke Pyzalla (2005–2008) and Gerhard Dehm (2012) were newly appointed as Scientific Members of the Max Planck Society and Directors at the Institute .

Work areas

The main goals of the institute are the elucidation of physical and chemical processes and reactions of the materials as well as the development of novel materials for highly specialized technical applications.

It is divided into the four scientific departments:

Together with the Max Planck Institute for Coal Research , the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , the Ruhr University Bochum and the University of Duisburg-Essen , the Max Planck Institute for Iron Research maintains the International Max Planck Research School for Interface Controlled Materials for Energy Conversion IMPRS-SurMat.

Infrastructure

The institute has a location where the office buildings, workshops and experimental equipment are located. The equipment includes three atom probes , several electron microscopes (SEMs & TEMs), high-performance computers, nanoindenters and universal testing machines .

Managing directors:

literature

  • Adolf von Harnack: Speech for the consecration of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Iron Research. 1921, In: Adolf von Harnack: Scientific policy speeches and essays. compiled and edited by Bernhard Fabian. Olms-Weidmann, Hildesheim / Zurich / New York 2001, ISBN 3-487-11369-4 .
  • Max Planck Society (ed.): Max Planck Institute for Iron Research. Series: Reports and communications from the Max Planck Society 1993/5, ISSN  0341-7778 .
  • Sören Flachowsky: Max Planck Institute for Iron Research. In: Peter Gruss , Reinhard Rürup (ed.): Places of thought: Max Planck Society and Kaiser Wilhelm Society, Breaks and Continuities 1911–2011. Sandstein Verlag, Dresden 2010, ISBN 978-3-942422-01-7 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Max Planck Institute for Iron Research Düsseldorf . Max Planck Society reports and communications 5/93, publisher Max Planck Society, Munich 1993, 116 pp.
  2. ↑ a b c Messages from the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Iron Research in Düsseldorf (Ed. Friedrich Körber), XXV. Volume, Verlag Stahleisen mbH Düsseldorf 1942, p. 11.
  3. ↑ a b c Max Planck Institute for Iron Research - 10 Years of Iron Research 1945-1954 . Verlag Stahleisen mbH, Düsseldorf 1955, p. 5ff.
  4. ↑ Sören Flachowsky: "All work of the institute serves the German armaments with passionate dedication" - The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Iron Research as an interinstitutional interface for war-relevant knowledge production 1917-1945 . In: Community research, authorized representatives and knowledge transfer: the role of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society in the system of war-relevant research under National Socialism (Ed. Helmut Maier ). Wallstein-Verlag, Göttingen 2007, pp. 153-214.
  5. ^ Georg Masing : Textbook of General Metallkunde . Springer, Berlin Heidelberg 1950, p. 571.
  6. ^ G. Sauthoff : Multiphase Intermetallic Alloys for Structural Applications . Intermetallics 8 (2000), pp. 1101-1109.
  7. ^ Max Planck Institute for Iron Research: Scientific Report 2001/2002
  8. ^ Max Planck Institute for Iron Research: Scientific Report 2003/2004
  9. ^ Max Planck Institute for Iron Research: Scientific Report 2011/2012
  10. ↑ International Max Planck Research School for Interface Controlled Materials for Energy Conversion (IMPRS-SurMat). Website of the Max Planck Institute for Iron Research. Retrieved February 25, 2016.

Coordinates: 51 ° 14 ′ 22 "  N , 6 ° 48 ′ 47"  E