Max Oppenheimer (painter)

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Portrait of Max Oppenheimer by Egon Schiele , 1910

Max Oppenheimer (called Mopp ; born July 1, 1885 in Vienna , Austria-Hungary , † May 19, 1954 in New York City ) was an Austrian painter .

Life

Max Oppenheimer was the son of the journalist and editor Ludwig Oppenheimer and the brother of the writer Friedrich Heydenau . From 1900 to 1903 he was a student at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna and from 1903 to 1906 at the Prague Art Academy . In 1906 he joined the Prague group " OSMA ", one of the first "Associations of Czech Avant-gardists ".

In 1907 he returned to Vienna, where he took part in the art show in 1908 and 1909. In Vienna, Oppenheimer , who was initially influenced by van Gogh , initially belonged to the circle of “Viennese Expressionism ”, stylistically influenced by Oskar Kokoschka , Egon Schiele and Albert Paris Gütersloh . From 1911 to 1915 Oppenheimer worked in Berlin , incorporated cubist elements into his painting and worked on the magazine Die Aktion . During his stay in Switzerland (1915–1925) he began to deal with music ( music and painting , 1919; portraits of musicians ). Then back in Berlin, he returned to Vienna in 1931. A year later, as part of the wave of persecution following the Reichstag fire , his work fell victim to a defamation campaign by the SA. Max Oppenheimer fled to Switzerland where he found refuge with Chiel Weissmann and then emigrated to the USA .

power

Oppenheimer created portraits (including by Chiel Weissmann, Thomas and Heinrich Mann , Arnold Schönberg , Anton Webern , Tilla Durieux , Karl Marx ), religious compositions such as the Descent from the Cross and depictions from contemporary life (including sports, medical practice). His graphic work includes the cycle on Heinrich Heine's ideas. The book Le Grand (1914, 10 etchings). His monumental painting The Symphony ( Gustav Mahler conducts the Vienna Philharmonic), completed in 1923, caused a sensation at the time. There are two versions of the monumental painting that Oppenheimer had already painted in 1923 under the impression of a final rehearsal of the fourth movement of Gustav Mahler's 4th Symphony under the conductor Oskar Fried , namely the passage in which the soprano solo from " Des Knaben Wunderhorn " begins. Thomas Mann described the painting in an essay in the Berliner Tageblatt in 1926 : “A modern orchestra in full activity, led by a conductor whose glasses and lip-sharp physiognomy in its ecstatic will and religious intelligence is reminiscent of Gustav Mahler's. His profile standing in front of Byzantine gold, his upturned arm command a roaring tutti that can be heard - truly! It urges me to testify to the incredible acoustic effect of the picture. "

Oppenheimer's autobiography People Find Their Painter was published in 1938.

Works

  • Egon Schiele (Wien Museum, inv.no.102.953), 1910, oil on canvas
  • Portrait of Tilla Durieux (Vienna, Leopold Museum, inv.no.443), around 1912, oil on canvas, 95.5 × 78.9 cm
  • Gustav Mahler conducts the Vienna Philharmonic (Vienna, Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, inv. No. Lg 813), 1935–40, oil on panel, 302 × 155 cm
  • Kolisch Quartet , 1940, oil on canvas

Fonts

  • People find their painter. Text, images and graphics . Zurich: Oprecht, 1938

literature

  • Wilhelm Michel: Max Oppenheimer . Munich, Georg Müller 1911.
  • Michael Pabst: Max Oppenheimer. Directory of prints . Munich: Galerie Michael Pabst, 1993
  • MOPP - Max Oppenheimer 1885-1954 . Exhibition catalog. Vienna: Jewish Museum, 1994
  • Max Oppenheimer (MOPP) 1885-1954. Paintings and graphics . Exhibition catalog. Baden: Langmatt Sidney and Jenny Brown Foundation, 1995
  • Marie-Agnes von Puttkamer: Max Oppenheimer - MOPP (1885-1954). Life and painterly work with a catalog raisonné of the paintings . Vienna / Cologne / Weimar: Böhlau, 1999
  • Marie-Agnes von Puttkamer:  Max Oppenheimer (painter). In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 19, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-428-00200-8 , p. 575 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Oppenheimer, Max , in: Joseph Walk (ed.): Short biographies on the history of the Jews 1918–1945 . Munich: Saur, 1988, ISBN 3-598-10477-4 , p. 289

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