Mehmed Emin Ali Pasha

Mehmed Emin Ali

Signature of Mehmed Emin Aali Pasha from the Treaty of Paris 1856

Mehmed Emin Ali Pasha (* 1815 in Constantinople , † September 6, 1871 in Erenkeni ) was an Ottoman statesman and Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire.

Life

Mehmed Emin was born the son of a civil servant, his father was a porter at the entrance to the Mercan Mosque of the Egyptian Bazaar in Istanbul , and he also sold spices and other things at a small stall.

After the death of his father, Mehmed Emin - presumably mediated by the guild of spice dealers - received a job as an apprentice clerk in the office of the Grand State Secretariat ( Sadâret Dîvân-ı hümâyûn ). In recognition of his achievements, his superiors gave him the nickname Âli ( Arabic : "the sublime"). From then on he was addressed as "Âli Efendi", later as "Âli Pascha". The gifted boy learned the French language and at the age of 18 became a translator in the Grand Translation Office ( Tercume odası ) at the Sublime Porte .

On the recommendation of Mustafa Reşid Pasha , he entered the diplomatic service and was successively second legation secretary in Vienna , envoy in London (1840-1844) and foreign minister under Reşid Pasha (1846-1852). In 1852, at the age of 37, he was promoted to the youngest grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire, but soon returned to private life. During the Crimean War he was recalled in 1854 to take over the field of external affairs under Reşid Pasha again. In this function he took part in the Vienna Conference on the Oriental Question, which met from March to June 1855. After he became Grand Vizier again that year - an office he held no less than five times - he represented the Ottoman Empire at the Congress of Paris in 1856 and drafted the Edict Islâhat Hatt-ı Hümâyûnu (“Grand Magnificent Reform Decree”) from 18 February 1856, with which the Millet system was abolished. On September 5, 1863, he was awarded the High Order of the Black Eagle , the highest distinction of the Kingdom of Prussia . In 1867, while the Sultan was visiting the Paris World's Fair , he was made regent.

Together with Reşid Pascha, Ali Pascha shaped the time of Tanzimat . He was one of the most ardent advocates of Western reforms under the sultans Abdülmecid I and Abdülaziz . As a scholar and linguist , he was equal to the diplomats of the Christian powers and defended the interests of his country against them.

According to the Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of Turkey , Mehmed Emin Ali Pasha was a Freemason .

literature

Rasim Marz: Ali Pasha. Europe's forgotten statesman . Frank & Timme Verlag for Scientific Literature, Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-7329-0247-7 .

Web links

Wikisource: Aali Pascha - Article of the 4th edition of Meyers Konversations-Lexikon

Commons : Mehmed Emin Ali Pascha - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Rasim Marz: Ali Pasha. Europe's forgotten statesman . Berlin 2016, p. 18.
↑ Rasim Marz: Ali Pasha. Europe's forgotten statesman . Berlin 2016, p. 19.
↑ Rasim Marz: Ali Pasha. Europe's forgotten statesman . Berlin 2016, p. 20.
^ The negotiations of the Vienna Conference on the Oriental Question . Deckersche Geheime Ober-Hofbuchdruckerei, Berlin 1855, p. 16.
↑ Rasim Marz: The Ottoman Empire on the way to Europe. New Ottoman historiography . Norderstedt 2013, ISBN 978-3-7322-9273-8 , p. 46.
↑ Hermann Hengst: The Knights of the Black Eagle Order . Verlag Alexander Duncker, Berlin 1901, p. 51.
↑ Wolfgang Günter Lerch : The Bismarck of the Ottomans . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, August 2, 2016, p. 10.
↑ Grand Lodge of the Free and Accepted Masons of Turkey: Famous Turkish Freemasons ( Memento of April 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (Turkish).

predecessor	Office	successor
Mustafa Resid Pasha	Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire August 7, 1852–4. October 1852	Damat Mehmed Ali Pasha
Mustafa Resid Pasha	Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire May 4, 1855–1. December 1856	Mustafa Resid Pasha
Mustafa Resid Pasha	Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire January 11, 1858–8. October 1859	Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha
Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha	Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire August 6, 1861–22. November 1861	Keçecizade Mehmed Fuad Pasha
Mütercim Mehmed Rüşdi Pascha	Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire February 11, 1867–7. September 1871	Mahmud Nedim Pasha

personal data
SURNAME	Mehmed Emin Ali Pasha
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Mehmet Ali Pasha
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Ottoman statesman
DATE OF BIRTH	1815
PLACE OF BIRTH	Constantinople
DATE OF DEATH	September 6, 1871
Place of death	Erenkeni

[1] Rasim Marz: Ali Pasha. Europe's forgotten statesman . Berlin 2016, p. 18.

[2] Rasim Marz: Ali Pasha. Europe's forgotten statesman . Berlin 2016, p. 19.

[3] Rasim Marz: Ali Pasha. Europe's forgotten statesman . Berlin 2016, p. 20.

[4] The negotiations of the Vienna Conference on the Oriental Question . Deckersche Geheime Ober-Hofbuchdruckerei, Berlin 1855, p. 16.

[5] Rasim Marz: The Ottoman Empire on the way to Europe. New Ottoman historiography . Norderstedt 2013, ISBN 978-3-7322-9273-8 , p. 46.

[6] Hermann Hengst: The Knights of the Black Eagle Order . Verlag Alexander Duncker, Berlin 1901, p. 51.

[7] Wolfgang Günter Lerch : The Bismarck of the Ottomans . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, August 2, 2016, p. 10.

[Mason-8] Grand Lodge of the Free and Accepted Masons of Turkey: Famous Turkish Freemasons ( Memento of April 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (Turkish).