Michael Neander (Educator)

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Michael Neander. Engraving by Johann Ludwig Meil , 1729

Michael Neander , graced from Neumann (* 1525 in Sorau ; † April 26, 1595 in Ilfeld ), was a German educator and rector of the Ilfeld monastery school .

Life

He was born as the son of the businessman Hans Neumann and his wife Agnes in Sorau in the then margraviate of Niederlausitz , where he also attended the city school. After training in Goldberg with Valentin Potsendorf , he studied from March 1544 at the University of Wittenberg . Martin Luther and Philipp Melanchthon were among his teachers here. Since that time he has called himself Neander, according to the scholarly custom of the time, translating the name into Greek. At the intercession of Melanchthon, he received a position as a third teacher at the city school in Nordhausen and later became vice principal of this institution. Due to his further diligent studies, he earned a high reputation as a scholar and was considered one of the most well-read men of his time.

Neander as school principal in Ilfeld, contemporary copper engraving

On June 30, 1550, he accepted a call to the Ilfeld convent school. On July 31, 1554, after a brilliant examination, he obtained his master's degree in Wittenberg . In 1562 he married Anna Winkler from Nordhausen.

Through his work in the small school, he quickly made it widely famous. He developed a new concept for a closed course for students from six to eighteen years of age from what had previously been quite unsystematic teaching. He placed particular emphasis on the study of Latin and Greek; at the age of sixteen, unusual for the time, the study of Hebrew was added. For the last two years the students have been studying dialectics, rhetoric, ethics, physics; History and description of the earth. Religious instruction accompanied the students over the entire 12 years; Neander saw the goal of education in learned and eloquent piety in the sense of Orthodox Protestantism. For this purpose he wrote several school books and instructions, including the educational treatise "Michael Neander's concerns about a good gentleman and friend, how to lead and instruct a boy". The school enjoyed such a good reputation in Neander's time that parents from all over Europe sent their children to Ilfeld, but most of its students came from the surrounding area, especially from Nordhausen and the County of Stolberg . The later botanist Johann Thal , who created the first special flora work with his "Sylva Hercynia" , a description of the Harz flora, was one of the pupils of the famous pedagogue .

In the last five years Neander was supported by his former student Johannes Cajus as deputy, who previously held the position of rector in Ilsenburg .

Michael Neander died on April 26, 1595 and was buried in the Ilfeld monastery church, which was demolished in the 19th century.

marriage and family

Michael Neander was married to Anna, daughter of Heinrich Winckler († before 1562) from Nordhausen since May 25, 1562. This marriage resulted in two sons and two daughters.

  • Johann (Hans) Neander
  • Michael Neander
  • Anna Neander, married to Johannes Cajus from Königstein
  • Maria Neander (* July 8, 1577 in Ilefeld; † October 9, 1603 in Nordhausen), married to David Speiser on November 12, 1599 in Sondershausen

Honors

Since 1985 a memorial, created by Eckhard Maler from Mihla , in the courtyard of the former monastery school has been commemorating Neanders. The Standmal was at the instigation of the United Church Klosterkammer Erfurt to 600th anniversary of the independent patch placed Ilfelds.

Works (selection)

Portrait of Neanders as a frontispiece in his work Theologia Christiana , 1595
  • Graecae linguae Tabulae , Basel: Johannes Oporin, 1553.
  • Aristologia Pindarica Graecolatina , Basel: Ludwig Lucius, 1556.
  • Anthologicum Graecolatinum , Basel: Johannes Oporin, 1556.
  • Gnomologia graecolatina, hoc est… Sentential… ex magna atuhologio Joannis Stobaei excerptae… Acccssit practerea “Oveipos vel” Aλєĸτανων id est somnium vel Gallus, dialogus Luciani… graece et latinc. Basel, 1557
  • Graecae linguae Erotemata , Basel: Johannes Oporin, 1561.
  • Opus aureum et scholasticum, in quo continentur Pythagorae carmina aurea, Phocylidis, Theognidis & aliorum poemata ... , Leipzig: Johannes Steinmann, 1577.
  • Compendium. Rerum physicarum, conscriptum, in gratiam & usum studiosae inventutis . Wittenberg: Simon Gronenberg, 1587.
  • Chronicon sive Synopsis historiarum, quae res gestas praecipuarum in orbe gentium a rebus humanis conditis […] continet . Leipzig, (Abraham Lamberg), 1590
  • Orbis terrae partium succincta explicatio seu simplex enumeratio distributa in singularum partium regiones, Leipzig 1586
  • Theologia Christiana. 1595.
  • Spiritual human mirror. That is: Of the person before and after the fall, after the resurrection, and the same bliss ... Every now and then improved and with the author's life runf (by Val. Mylius), also a preface to new ones published by Erdmann Neumeister, Sorau: Hebold, 1737.
  • Rudolf Bouterwek (ed.): Michael Neander's report from the Ilfeld monastery. A contribution to the history of the 16th century. Nordhausen: Kirchner, 1873 ( digitized ; PDF)

literature

Web links

Commons : Michael Neander  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ AAV 210b, 7
  2. ↑ Köstlin: Bacc. & Like.
  3. ^ Michael Neander history portal Nordhausen
  4. ^ Johann Georg Heinzmann : Litterarian Chronicle. Bern 1785. p. 223
  5. ↑ Chronicle of the community of Ilfeld (PDF; 223 kB)
personal data
SURNAME Neander, Michael
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Neumann, Michael
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German educator and rector
DATE OF BIRTH 1525
PLACE OF BIRTH Sorau
DATE OF DEATH April 26, 1595
Place of death Ilfeld