Mikhail Dmitrievich Skobelev
Mikhail Skobelev ( Russian Михаил Дмитриевич Скобелев ., Scientific transliteration Mikhail Skobelev Dmitrievič ; born September 17, jul. / 29. September 1843 greg. In St. Petersburg ; † June 25 jul. / 7. July 1882 greg. In Moscow ) was a general in the Imperial Russian Army . Also called AK-Pasha (turk: the white general) by his Turkish opponents .
Skobeleff stepped 1861 in a guard cavalry regiment one, in 1863 as a cornet in the Grodno Hussars ( Hussars offset) and struggled to 1865 as Lt. in Congress Poland . In 1866 he was called up to the General Staff Academy, later transferred to the General Staff , and in 1869 came to Turkestan as a captain at his own request . He served there first in Samarkand , later under Stoletow with the Caucasian troops used in the Turkmen steppe.
In 1871 and 1872 he distinguished himself as a staff assistant master through excellent reconnaissance , during which important material for the campaign against Khiva was collected and important geographical discoveries were made (e.g. the old bed of Oxus ). Skobelev took part in this campaign in 1873 as a general staff major and was the first in the city to storm Khiva. Promoted to general, he captured Kokand in 1875 and became governor of Ferghana . In 1877 he was division commander and stormed in the war against the Turks ( Russian-Ottoman War (1877-1878) ) on September 3, Lovech (Lowatz). He commanded the left wing in the Battle of Plewna ( Pleven ) on September 11th , conquered several entrenchments with enormous losses, but lost them again on the 12th, received interim command of the IV Army Corps and invaded with them on December 10th Failure of Osman Pasha in Plevna, which he occupied.
He also distinguished himself in the advance over the Balkans, the capture of the Shipka army (January 9, 1878) and the capture of Adrianople . In 1878 he was appointed Commanding General of the IV Corps of the Occupation Army in Minsk and on August 30, 1878, Adjutant General of the Tsar. In 1880 he was made head of the expedition against the Tekinzen in Central Asia . He stormed the fortress Gök-Tepe on January 24th, 1881. Since 1881 governor of Minsk , he placed himself at the head of the Pan-Slavic war party and thereby increased the popularity acquired in the Turkish war .
death
He died unexpectedly on July 7, 1882 in Moscow at the Hotel England at the age of only 38. A well-known brothel at the time. In order to cover up the inglorious end, the bodyguard brought the corpse back to its room in the Hotel Dussaud (Russian: гостиница Дюссо). The autopsy by Professor Neyding of Moscow University revealed that the cause of death was paralysis of the lungs and heart. The day before he had handed the poet Aksakov a few documents with the words: I'm afraid they will be stolen from me. For some time now I've become suspicious. He was friends with Aksakov because of their common Pan-Slavic ideas. He must have felt persecuted because he had already ordered a crypt in the cemetery.
Opposite the Hotel Dresden, the Moscow department of the Russian Military History Society RVIO (Russian: Московское отделение Российского военно-исторического общества) a rider in honor of his. This was demolished during the Soviet era. On December 9, 2014, the RVIO, which was founded on December 29, 2012, erected a new memorial elsewhere. This date was chosen because it is the Day of the Heroes of the Fatherland (Russian: День Героев Отечества).
Boris Akunin wrote a book in 1998: Death of Achilles (Russian: Смерть Ахиллеса). Subtitle detective novella about a hit man . In it the last hours of Skobolev in Moscow are described with only slightly changed names. But this describes only one of many death variants. There is still a possible coup, Freemasons feeling threatened, envious officers and the evil Germans.
The poet Jakow Polonski dedicated a poem to the deceased. In his honor, the highest peak of the Kitschik Alai Mountains (Little Alai) Pik Skobelew ( 5069 m ) was named. The Vitjas , a corvette of the Imperial Russian Navy , was renamed Skobelew on June 27, 1882, a few days after his death .
literature
- Ossip Ossipowitsch: Michael Dmitriewitsch Skobolev, his life, his character and his deeds according to Russian sources and especially according to his own orders of the day. sn, Hanover 1886.
- Gradowsky. In: Yearbooks for the Army and Navy. Vol. 60, 1886, ZDB -ID 140029-0 .
Web links
- Article Michail Dmitrijewitsch Skobelew in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ https://um.mos.ru/houses/dokhodnyy_dom_a_s_grachevoy/
- ↑ http://www.horntip.com/html/books_&_MSS/1920s/1922_my_life_and_loves__frank_harris_(HC)/vol_2/index.htm
- ↑ https://histrf.ru/biblioteka/b/kratkii-kurs-istorii-niepobiedimyi-bielyi-gienieral
- ↑ https://rvio.histrf.ru/activities/news/item-5465
- ↑ http://www.trud.ru/article/09-07-2013/1296522_chto_zhe_javljaetsja_istinnoj_prichinoj_gibeli_generala_skobeleva.html
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Skobelew, Mikhail Dmitrievich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Skobelew, Michael Dmitrievich; Михаил Дмитриевич Скобелев |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian general |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 29, 1843 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | St. Petersburg |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 7, 1882 |
| Place of death | Moscow |