Minderberg

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Minderberg
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height 417.4  m above sea level NN (as of 1996)
location Rhineland-Palatinate , Germany
Mountains Rheinwesterwälder volcanic ridge , Niederwesterwald
Coordinates 50 ° 36'7 "  N , 7 ° 18'1"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 36'7 "  N , 7 ° 18'1"  E
Minderberg (Rhineland-Palatinate)
Minderberg
rock basalt
particularities Basalt lake

The Minderberg (formerly also Mendenberg or Mendeberg ) is now about 405  m above sea level. NHN , previously at least 424  m above sea level. NN , high mountain on the Rheinwesterwälder volcanic ridge or on the Linzer Höhe .

geography

The Minderberg, which is largely removed by a basalt quarry, lies above and northeast of Obererl ( Kasbach-Ohlenberg municipality ) in the northern urban area of Linz am Rhein . To the east, the mountain falls steeply to Landesstraße 253 (Linz– Rottbitze ) into the Losbach valley , as well as to the south and west, while to the north it descends significantly more gently into its higher neighboring mountain , which is still 429  m above sea level today . NHN high Meerberg passes. To the south of the mountain peak, which is not freely accessible, there is a lake in a cut.

geology

The type of rock that mainly occurs on the crest of the Minderberg is nepheline basanite , a volcanic alkali rock . To the southeast, Oligocene deposits, the so-called clayey lying layers, also come to light. Two blocks of opal , which belonged to the Miocene age, were transported away after they were found on the Minderberg. Other minerals found include chalcedony , feldspar , harmotome , natrolite , phillipsite , pyrrhotite and smoky quartz .

history

The Minderberg is one of the oldest quarries on the Middle Rhine, in which basalt columns were mined. It is possible that the building of the Rennenberg Castle with basalt from the Minderberg was contested. From the local quarry, the Ockenfels Castle and the parish church in Linz were built in the first half of the 13th century , the walls of the St. Katharinen monastery church probably from 1257 and the Linz city wall in the first half of the 14th century and the Unkel city wall in 1583 been. In a Linz city bill from 1465/66 “7 karren mynre berger steyne” (Minderberger stones) are mentioned. Early 18th century had been the acquisition of the minority mountain leaves coal recorded in mining field Stösschen it was in three seams (one lignite ) 1828-1869 operated.

The systematic basalt mining began at the end of the 19th century, initially through the company Ankenbrand & Wehrhahn from Linz, registered as the owner in 1873, then through the Linzer Basalt-Actien-Gesellschaft founded in 1888 . The quarries on the Minderberg, Meerberg and Willscheider Berg represented an operational unit - with the crusher system on Meerberg as well as the car park and the repair workshop on Willscheider Berg. After increasing exhaustion towards the end of the 20th century, the quarry on the Minderberg was shut down together with the Meerberg in 2010, leaving behind a smaller lake in a mining depression. The original mountain top has been removed in the course of the mining activity. In 2014, the quarrying of the miner was resumed.

References and comments

  1. ↑ a b 424  m above sea level NN according to the topographic map in the editions from 1895 to 1990; 1996 and 2000 is a height of 417.4  m above sea level. NN specified
  2. ↑ approximate information according to the contour lines in the digital topographic map 1: 5,000 (DTK5) (available from the LANIS map service )
  3. ^ Geological State Office North Rhine-Westphalia (ed.); Gangolf Knapp, Klaus Vieten: Geological map of North Rhine-Westphalia 1: 25,000. Explanations for sheet 5309 Königswinter . 3rd, revised edition, Krefeld 1995, pp. 17, 19, 33.
  4. ↑ Alexander Oelpenich: Guide through Linz a. Rhine and the surrounding area - along with a signpost to the Winzerhaus am Kaiserberg , Linz am Rhein ~ 1910, p. 43
  5. ↑ Hermannsburg Hard, Cordula Kapser: Linz am Rhein: The city's history from prehistoric times to the present . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar 2002, p. 89.
  6. ↑ Parish St. Katharinen (ed.); Heiner Strauss: St. Katharinen. Festival and homeland book . St. Katharinen 1994, 2nd supplemented edition 2001, p. 189.
  7. ^ Geological State Office North Rhine-Westphalia (ed.); Gangolf Knapp, Klaus Vieten: Geological map of North Rhine-Westphalia 1: 25,000. Explanations for sheet 5309 Königswinter . 3rd, revised edition, Krefeld 1995, p. 50.
  8. ↑ The quarry More Mountain , Basalt AG
  9. ↑ BPBV project Gelbbauchunke , Basalt AG