Rheinwesterwälder volcanic ridges

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Rheinwesterwälder volcanic ridges
Systematics according to Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany
Greater region 1st order Low mountain range threshold
Greater region 2nd order Rhenish Slate Mountains
Main unit group 32 →
Westerwald
4th order region
(main unit)		 324 →
Niederwesterwald
Natural space 324.9 → Rheinwesterwald volcanic ridge
Highest peak Asberg ( 430.2  m )
Geographical location
Coordinates 50 ° 37 '35 "  N , 7 ° 17' 45.2"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 37 '35 "  N , 7 ° 17' 45.2"  E
Rheinwesterwälder volcanic ridge (Rhineland-Palatinate)
Rheinwesterwälder volcanic ridges
Location Rheinwesterwälder volcanic ridge
circle Neuwied district , Rhein-Sieg district
state Rhineland-Palatinate , North Rhine-Westphalia
Country Germany

The Rheinwesterwälder volcanic ridge (occasionally: Asberg plateau ) is an approximately 13 km long and 3 to 4 km wide ridge and natural area in the north of Rhineland-Palatinate on the right bank of the Rhine and south of North Rhine-Westphalia , which connects to the Siebengebirge to the south . The term "Rheinwesterwald volcanic ridge" was introduced at the end of the 1950s together with the natural spatial main unit Niederwesterwald , to whose western edge it belongs.

The ridge and the plateau located on it also bear the landscape name Linzer Höhe south of the Asberg . From the 17th century at the latest, this name was used to designate the mountain-side villages of the Linz parish outside the city walls . They belonged to the city of Linz am Rhein as an “external” part, the citizens were “external citizens” of the city. These included the localities (from north to south) Notscheid , Hilkerscheid , Noll , Hargarten and Ginsterhahn , the Grendel farm and, later, the village that developed around the St. Katharinen monastery . In 1670 the Linzer Höhe comprised 30 houses. At the beginning of the 19th century it was divided between the newly formed communities of Notscheid and Hargarten.

Demarcation

Unlike the kuppige as a whole, the natural environment bulk region ( lower ) means Rhine area attributed to seven mountains, the volcano back is a high surface with applied, smaller peaks corresponding to the bulk region ( low ) Westerwald is allocated. The absolute heights of the peaks are on average 350  m above sea level. NHN comparable to those of the Siebengebirge. Geologically , the volcanic ridge, like the Siebengebirge, is counted as part of the "Middle Rhine volcanic area", but differs from it in that it has a lower number of volcanic rock types (predominantly alkali basalt ). The border between the two natural areas runs on the northern edge of the Schmelztal ; the gap between the two mountain ranges corresponds to the watershed of Logebach ( Sieg ) and Ohbach (Rhine), with the pass height a good 240  m above sea level. NHN is.

In the east, the natural area merges into the lower Asbach plateau , in the southeast into the Rhein-Wied-ridge, which is at the same height, and in the west into the Linz terrace of the Middle Rhine Bay . With the northern continuation of the Linz terrace, occasionally referred to as the Honnef terrace hill, the Rheinwesterwälder volcanic ridge near Bad Honnef borders directly on the Rhine valley ( Honnef valley widening ). There, the demarcation between the natural areas of the Siebengebirge, the Honnef valley widening and the Rheinwesterwälder volcanic ridges cannot be defined as linear.

Landscape characteristics

The Rheinwesterwälder volcanic ridge is located on a Devonian pleated base and forms the watershed between the Rhine and Wied , north of the Asberg between the Rhine and Sieg . In the 19th and 20th centuries, the volcanic peaks were gradually quarried in numerous basalt , and on the northern edge of the ridge also latite quarries, so that its two highest peaks are still around 430 instead of the previous up to 448  m above sea level. Reach N (H) N. As a result, the landscape is shaped by newly created excavation waters ("basalt lakes"). The Rheinwesterwälder volcanic ridge is covered in roughly equal parts by coniferous and hardwood plants , with a total of three quarters of the forest. A large part of it is attributable to the Erpeler Kirchspielwald , the Datt Wald , the Leubsdorfer forest and Honnefer city forest . Some near-natural flowing waters line the sometimes steep valleys in the peripheral areas of the natural area. The part of the natural area located in the city of Bad Honnef (North Rhine-Westphalia) has been part of the Siebengebirge nature reserve since 1922 .

mountains

Asberg, highest point on the volcanic ridge

The mountains and heights of the natural area within Rhineland-Palatinate include the Asberg ( 430  m above sea level ), the Meerberg ( 429  m above sea level ), the Hummelsberg ( 407  m above sea level ), the Minderberg (approx. 405  m) above sea level ), the Römerich ( 386  m above sea level ), the Willscheider Berg ( 363  m above sea level ) and the castle hill of therace mountain castle ( 350  m above sea level ). On the North Rhine-Westphalian side, in the Siebengebirge nature park, you can find the Broderkonsberg ( 378  m above sea level ), the Himmerich ( 367  m above sea level ), the Leyberg ( 359  m above sea level ), the Mittelberg ( 352  m above sea level ), among others . NHN ) and the Himberg ( 335  m above sea level ) (see also full list ).

places

The localities in the natural area are Ginsterhahn , Grendel , Hargarten , Kaimig (all local parish of St. Katharinen ), Kretzhaus (city of Linz am Rhein ), Ober- and Untererl (local parish Kasbach-Ohlenberg ), Vettelschoss (south-western part), Oberkalenborn (local parish Vettelschoss), Ronigerhof (city of Linz on the Rhine), Rothe Kreuz (municipality of Leubsdorf ) and Rottbitze (partially; city of Bad Honnef ).

References and comments

  1. ↑ see Kremer 2007, does not include the Hummelsberg and the areas to the south
  2. ↑ Heiner Strauss, Karl-Josef Rings: 750 Years Church of St. Katharinen - Festival and Homeland Book , 1988, page 166 ff
  3. ^ Wilhelm Fabricius : Explanations for the historical atlas of the Rhine province, Volume 2: The map of 1789. Bonn 1898, p. 70.
  4. ↑ Various authors: Geographische Landesaufnahme: The natural spatial units in single sheets 1: 200,000 . Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1952–1994. → Online maps
    • Sheet 122/123: Cologne / Aachen (Ewald Glässer 1978; 52 pages); Unit 324.9 in the southeast → map (PDF, 8.9 MB)
    • Sheet 124: Siegen (Heinz Fischer 1972; 36 pages); Unit 324.9 in the southwest → map (PDF, 4.3 MB)
  5. ^ Geological State Office North Rhine-Westphalia (ed.); Gangolf Knapp, Klaus Vieten: Geological map of North Rhine-Westphalia 1: 25,000. Explanations for sheet 5309 Königswinter . 3rd, revised edition, Krefeld 1995, p. 20.
  6. ^ Heinrich Müller-Miny: The demarcation of the Cologne Bay as a geographical problem . In: Kurt Kayser, Theodor Kraus (ed.): Cologne and the Rhineland . Festschrift for the 33rd German Geographers' Day from May 22 to 26, 1961 in Cologne, Franz Steiner Verlag, Wiesbaden 1961, pp. 25–31 (here: p. 28).
  7. ↑ Heinrich Müller-Miny: The Niederwesterwald and its natural spatial structure . In: Federal Institute for Regional Studies (Ed.): Reports on German Regional Studies . Volume 21, Issue 2 (September 1958), self-published by the Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Remagen 1958, pp. 233–246 (here: pp. 241/242).
  8. ↑ Nature reserves and the Eifel National Park in North Rhine-Westphalia

literature

  • Heinrich Müller-Miny: The Niederwesterwald and its natural spatial structure . In: Federal Institute for Regional Studies (Ed.): Reports on German Regional Studies . Volume 21, Issue 2 (September 1958), self-published by the Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Remagen 1958, pp. 233–246 (here: pp. 240–242).
  • Bruno P. Kremer: Landscapes and landscape forms in the Neuwied district . In: Heimat-Jahrbuch des Landkreis Neuwied 2007 , pp. 305-310.

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