Himmerich
| Himmerich | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Steep slope at the summit |
|
| height | 367.1 m above sea level NHN |
| location | Bad Honnef |
| Mountains | Westerwald |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 38 '36 " N , 7 ° 16' 23" E |
| rock | Latite |
The Himmerich (formerly Hemmerich and Hummerich ; popularly also "Riesenschiss") is a 367.1 meter high mountain on the Rheinwesterwälder volcanic ridge ( Niederwesterwald ), which adjoins the Siebengebirge to the south .
geography
The Himmerich is located about four kilometers east of the Rhine between the town of Bad Honnef in the west and the Himberg district in the east, which is part of the Aegidienberg district . It is the north-western hill of the so-called Dreiergipfels , which is formed by Himmerich, Mittelberg and Broderkonsberg and towers over the surrounding plateau of the Rheinwesterwald volcanic ridge by about 60 m. Around 35 meters below the summit there is a plateau on the southwest side, from which the view over the whole of Bad Honnef, the Löwenburg , the Drachenfels and some smaller mountains of the Siebengebirge is free. On the north side of the summit, a Latitkuppe , the mountain is due to quarry activities disrupted .
history
The mountain name is interpreted as "Hirschkuhberg" and is said to have developed from Hindberg ("Hinde" = Hirschkuh ), Hinberg and Himberg ( dialect "Himberich") to Himmerich .
The latite mining on the Himmerich was started in the 19th century, in 1896 it was operated by the Doloritwerk Himmerich . The recovered material was transported to the Mucher Wiesental by means of a brake mountain , from where two cable cars with a total length of 1.15 kilometers led to just before Bad Honnef, overcoming an altitude of 190 meters . The quarry on the Himmerich was shut down in 1910. In February 1920, the local mine in Cologne-Brück of the social democratically oriented tourist association Naturfreunde leased a former quarry barracks on the Himmerich, then rebuilt it into a hostel for hikers and dedicated it March 13, 1920 a. It initially included two overnight rooms with 16 beds and was run on a voluntary basis; the lease was extended a few years later for an indefinite period including a - later redeemed - right of first refusal , so that the hostel acquired in October 1924 a two-story barrack with six overnight rooms, which was acquired by the association in Cologne-Deutz , transported by truck to the Himmerich and there rebuilt 40 beds could be expanded. In the same year the association leased the operation of the hostel. A high level of occupancy at the facility was reached in 1927 with 6,623 overnight stays; at the beginning of the 1930s, it fell, with the number of day visitors rising significantly in the opposite direction. After the National Socialist seizure of power , the SA and the Stahlhelm occupied the two buildings of the hostel on March 3, 1933, at the end of March the SA took over and set up a permanent guard there.
During the time of National Socialism, it was planned to erect a "Memorial to the memory of the separatist defense battles in 1923 " ("Separatist Defense Monument" for short) on the summit of the Himmerich . Plans for such a monument had already emerged at the end of the 1920s, although the location question initially remained unanswered. After the National Socialists came to power , the plans were accelerated in the spring of 1933 and concentrated on the communities of Honnef and Aegidienberg, which wanted to see the memorial placed on their own landmarks . Compromise proposals for the erection of two monuments in both communities came to nothing, at the end of May 1933, with the participation of the Prussian government , Himmerich, originally brought into discussion by the acting mayor of Honnef, Behr, was chosen as the location. The previous buildings of the Friends of Nature Association, which had meanwhile passed into the possession of the Prussian state, were demolished a little later for the construction of the monument.
The design of the monument was put out to tender under a number of artists. The winning design included a 14-meter-high cross on the summit, which can be reached by stairs, and a meeting place on the plateau below. On October 15, 1933, the foundation stone was laid with Reich Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels , which was also declared to be the “ten-year celebration of the entire Rhineland”. It was one of the first events in which Goebbels commented on the withdrawal of the German Reich from the League of Nations announced the day before . On the occasion of the celebration, a road was laid from Honnef through the Mucherwiesental to Himmerich, and from there the access road to Himberg was expanded. The plans to erect the monument were abandoned in 1938 by the Propaganda Ministry , ostensibly because of the unsuitability of the site and financing problems.
References and comments
- ↑ Information according to the digital terrain model and digital topographic map 1: 25,000 and 1: 50,000 (available in the TIM-online map service )
- ↑ a b Geological State Office of North Rhine-Westphalia (ed.); Gangolf Knapp, Klaus Vieten: Geological map of North Rhine-Westphalia 1: 25,000. Explanations for sheet 5309 Königswinter . 3rd, revised edition, Krefeld 1995, p. 31.
- ↑ Carl Wilhelm Nose : Orographic letters about the Siebengebirge and the neighboring partly volcanic areas on the banks of the Lower Rhine. First part: Eastern Rhine side , Gebhard and Körder, Frankfurt am Main 1789, p. 150 .
- ↑ The origin of the Siebengebirge, in www.rheinischersagenweg.de
- ↑ J [ohann] J [oseph] Brungs : Mountain and field names from the area of the Siebengebirge , 1931, p. 12/13.
- ↑ Helmut Arntz (with the assistance of Adolf Nekum ): Urkataster und Gewannen: using the example of the community of Honnef 1824/1826 . (= Heimat- und Geschichtsverein “Herrschaft Löwenburg” eV : Studies on the local history of the city of Bad Honnef am Rhein , Issue 13, Bad Honnef 2000; Society for the History of Wine eV : Writings on Wine History , ISSN 0302-0967 , No. 133, Wiesbaden 2000), p. 133.
- ↑ Carsten Gussmann, Wolfgang Clössner: The Heisterbacher Valley Railway and industrial railways in the Seven Mountains. History, vehicles, track plans and maps. EK-Verlag, Freiburg (Breisgau) 2006, ISBN 3-88255-456-8 ( Regional Transport History 39), p. 40
- ↑ a b c d Ansgar Sebastian Klein : Rise and rule of National Socialism in the Siebengebirge . 1st edition, Klartext Verlag, Essen 2008, ISBN 978-3-89861-915-8 . (also dissertation University of Bonn, 2007)
- ^ Die neue Himmerich-Strasse , Deutsche Reichs-Zeitung, September 20, 1933
