Moor research station
A bog experimental station , also Moor research - or Moorkultur station , -anstalt or -institut called, is a agronomic research institute that deals with moors employ and their use by humans. These stations experimentally examine the biological, hydrological and soil mechanical processes in the bog and, based on the results, develop methods for more effective management, for example for cultivation and colonization, but also for the extraction of peat as fuel and fertilizer .
In Central Europe, moorland test stations came into being, particularly in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, when, in the course of industrialization and the associated population growth, the demand for land for agriculture and settlement and for fuel for energy supply increased sharply. In some countries, especially those with extensive bog areas in Northern and Eastern Europe (Scandinavia, the Baltic States, ...), some of these stations are still maintained today.
list
Mud experimental stations known in the past and present are u. a .:
In Germany:
- Moor research station Bremen ( Bremen ): The most important station in the German-speaking area, founded in 1876, still exists today as a soil technology institute
- Moor test station Königsmoor (Lower Saxony), branch of the Bremen station
- Moorkulturstation Karlshuld (Bavaria), founded in 1895
- Moorkulturstation Erdingermoos (Bavaria)
- Bernau bog culture station (Bavaria)
- Moorkulturstation Puchheim ( Dachauer Moos , Bavaria)
- Landstuhl moor test station ( West Palatinate moorland , Rhineland-Palatinate)
- Sigmaringen moor test station (station of the water management office, Pfrunger-Burgweiler Ried , Baden-Württemberg)
- Klein Markow moor test station ( Jördenstorf , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania), station of the University of Rostock , founded in 1994
- Heinrichswalde moor experimental station (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania), experimental station of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences of the GDR , founded in 1977
- Institute for Grassland and Moor Research Paulinenaue ( Havelländisches Luch , Brandenburg)
In other countries:
- Mud experiment / culture station Sebastiansberg (Bohemian Ore Mountains, today Hora Svatého Šebestiána , Czech Republic)
- Neu-Hammerstein moor test station (then East Pomerania , today Wicko , Poland)
- Moor Research Institute Neydharting ( Neydhartinger Moor , Austria)
- Tooma peat research station ( Estonia )
- Jönköping moor research station ( Sweden )
- Minsk peat research station (Russia)
- Novgorod peat research station (Russia)
criticism
The early application-oriented peatland research and thus also the peatland test stations did not deal with the importance of the peatland as an indispensable carbon sink and questions of climate protection .
literature
- Hans Schreiber: News about peat culture and peat utilization . in two volumes. Publishing house of the German-Austrian Moor Association, Staab (Bohemia) 1903.
- Austrian moor magazine . Monthly booklet of the German-Austrian moor association. Publishing house of the German-Austrian Moor Association, Staab (Böhmen) - (1900-19 ??).