Landstuhler Bruch
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The Landstuhler Bruch , also called Spesbach-Landstuhler Bruch , is on the one hand a natural area , on the other hand a landscape in the western Palatinate ( Rhineland-Palatinate ).
According to the handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany , the 67 km² Landstuhler Bruch belongs to the Kaiserslauter Senke and lies in its center. The Kaiserslauter Senke forms a sub-unit of the Saar-Nahe mountain and table land within the northern French layered state .
geography
The Landstuhler Bruch natural area extends as a depression about 20 km long and a maximum of 7 km wide from Hauptstuhl in the south-west via Spesbach , Ramstein-Miesenbach and Landstuhl to Kaiserslautern in the north-east. Its lowest point is 223 m above sea level. NHN in the west near Hütschenhausen , its highest with 267 m above sea level. NHN south of Siegelbach in the far east. In the north it is limited by the North Palatinate Uplands , which gradually rise from the lowlands. In the south, on the other hand, the Sickinger Höhe forms a very clear stratification with a height difference of around 200 m. The area is mainly drained by the Glan (western part) and the 20 km long Mohrbach (middle part), which rises not far south of the Moordamm-Mühle and flows into the Glan at Niedermohr . The brooks in the far east flow towards the Lauter , which is regionally also called Waldlauter .
The terms Westricher Moorniederung or Westpfälzische Moorniederung, which are occasionally used synonymously for the landscape, are not identical in their extension to the natural area of Landstuhler Bruch. The fauna-flora-habitat area Westricher Moorniederung is only with its eastern part in the Landstuhler Bruch. The western part, on the other hand, lies in the adjoining Peterswaldmoor nature area, which is also called Jägersburger Moor .
history
Kaisersgrund Castle, located here in 1359, was probably never built.
Moorland
Peat extraction
Originally the Landstuhler Bruch was a moorland . As late as 1800, the area was almost inaccessible due to its extensive marshes and could only be crossed via stick dams. During the spring floods, large expanses of water often emerged, which made the use of boats necessary. The peat extraction began at the end of the 18th century . Today the moor has long been peated out .
Drainage
The peat extraction and various construction measures in and on the edge of the quarry have significantly lowered the water table. As a result, the Bruch now presents itself as a relatively dry plain , although the windward side of the Palatinate Forest in the east has plenty of rainfall .
Biotope
An area of around 8 hectares near Kindsbach , the Geisweiher , has been successfully preserved as a primeval landscape since the beginning of the 19th century. A biotope has developed there that offers a habitat for plants , amphibians and birds that depend on rising and falling water levels in line with the seasons . In the Geisweiher nature reserve there is a diverse flora, including sundew , a carnivorous plant. At the edge of the Geisweiher, a “peat cutter hut” invites you to take a break. Moordamm-Mühle and Geisweiher can be reached after a 30-minute walk from the Kindsbach forester's lodge on well-paved paths that are also open to cyclists.
In addition to the Geisweiher, there are a number of other nature and landscape protection areas in Landstuhler Bruch, and a non-contiguous 2,152 hectare area has been protected by the European Union as a FFH area under the Natura 2000 directive . The purpose of protection is the preservation and development of the remaining reed stands , swamp forests , sedge reeds and other wetlands. To the south of Hütschenhausen is the Kranichwoog , which, with two shallow water ponds, is intended to help provide new living space for the animal species whose populations had declined due to the drainage.
Characteristic animal species of the Bruch are, in addition to many other species, in particular the gray heron (the only breeding colony in the West Palatinate is currently located here), the resettled white stork , the water rail , the pond claw , the lapwing , the mallard , the reed warbler , the reed warbler and the kingfisher . Mammals such as wild boar , roe deer , hare , polecat , red fox , muskrat , water vole and water shrew are also found - sometimes in large numbers.
Attractions
The Bismarck tower on the Kirchberg offers an impressive panoramic view of Landstuhl, Nanstein Castle , Landstuhler Bruch and the North Palatinate Uplands.
traffic
Since the middle of the 20th century, the Autobahn 6 (Kaiserslautern– Saarbrücken ) has been running lengthways through the Bruch. In the 1970s, the A 62 ( Pirmasens - Nonnweiler ), which is connected via the A 1 in the direction of Trier , was created as a cross connection with the intersection of the Landstuhl motorway junction .
Military use
In the eastern part of the Landstuhler Bruch is Ramstein Air Base , the largest base of the US Air Force outside the USA and the headquarters of the United States Air Forces in Europe (USAFE) and NATO base.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Geodata.
- ↑ Landscape profile of the landscape area 192.1 of the landscape information system of the Rhineland-Palatinate nature conservation administration ( notes )
- ↑ a b Natural area table with area data from the State Office for the Environment, Water Management and Trade Inspectorate Rhineland-Palatinate (PDF; 250 kB)
- ↑ map.
- ↑ geographie.giersbeck.de/karten/160.pdf
- ↑ a b State of Rhineland-Palatinate, Natura 2000, Fauna-Flora-Habitat (FFH) areas: Profile on FFH area 6511-301 - Westricher Moorniederung. Retrieved December 22, 2011 .
- ↑ Geodata.
- ↑ Stephanie Walter: "Nature can come". March 12, 2020, accessed April 10, 2020 .
Coordinates: 49 ° 24 ′ 30 ″ N , 7 ° 29 ′ 0 ″ E