Jägersburger Moor

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Natural area map: Peterswaldmoor, Landstuhler Bruch and their northern edge
Plastic fence as a sign of decline

The Jägersburger Moor , also called "Devil's Moor" is a nature reserve on the district of Jägersburg . It is located in the west of the Peterswaldmoor natural area , within the St. Ingbert-Kaiserslauterer Senke and is one of the Natura 2000 protected areas .

Location and demarcation

The Peterswaldmoor natural area (consecutive numbering: 192.2) stretches south from Jägersburg to east of Bruchmühlbach and has an extension of about 12 km in east-west direction and a maximum of 4 km in north-south direction. It crosses the border between Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland . In its western part it is drained by the Erbach and in its eastern part by the Glan . It is surrounded in the southwest and west by the natural area Homburg Basin , in the north by the northern edge of the West Palatinate Moorniederung , in the east by Landstuhler Bruch and in the south by the Sickinger step .

The nature reserve Jägersburger Moor / Königsbruch is located in the very east of the Saarland in the Saarpfalz district and borders directly on Rhineland-Palatinate . It is an extension of the West Palatinate Moorniederung , which consists of several finger-like flat valleys. The middle finger runs almost in an east-west direction. Its middle part, which is referred to as Lindenbruch on a cadastral map from 1844, is today called Jägersburger Moor, or in the vernacular called Teufelsmoor. A nature reserve (NSG) designated in 1961 was initially around six hectares in size and was expanded to 74 hectares in 2000 and renamed the Jägersburger Moor natural forest cell . In the meantime (2004) another, the 647-hectare nature reserve “Jägersburger Wald / Königsbruch” was created around this nature reserve and the old NSG integrated into it.

From a regional perspective, the Teufelsmoor (Jägersburger Moor) is no longer a moor because it was drained by human hands. The name of the corridor has been preserved to this day.

history

After heavy rainfall, marshy areas continue to form in the Jägersburger Moor NSG
Tap roots of a birch
The Spickelweiher
Notice board on Jägersburger Moor

The origin of the Jägersburger Moors was scientifically investigated as early as the first half of the 20th century. Was instrumental in this Franz Firbas , the 1934 operational break ground surveys in Landstuhl. In 1938 J. Jaeschke from Frankfurt also published an article in “Supplements to the Botanical Centralblatt ” (BBC), Verlag C. Heinrich, Dresden-Neustadt, and found a great deal of agreement in it with the investigations of his colleague, but stated that the Jägersburger Moor must be significantly younger. In contrast to Firbas, Jaeschke succeeded in determining the time of the tree population with the help of a pollen analysis. To do this, he drilled holes in the bog to a depth of 1.85 meters and determined the proportion of beech, alder, birch, hazel, linden, elm and oak. The pollen was not humified, but could largely be determined. Based on these provisions, a clear picture of the vegetation can be shown.

In the first half of the 18th century, during the reign of Christian IV , the peat extraction began to disturb the ecological balance . The peat obtained was used to heat his greenhouses at Jägersburg Castle.

A moor fire allegedly caused by careless hikers in 1904 was not easy to put out because the embers settled in ever deeper layers of peat. Only the introduction of a brook specially laid for peat extraction finally put out the fire. This is how a “peat pond”, the Lindenweiher, also shown on the maps, was created . This pond was acidic and poor in vegetation. It should have consisted of peat moss swinging lawn as well as isolated alder and birch trees.

In 1904 the Glantalbahn was opened, whose Jägersburg station is located on the north-western edge of the Jägersburger Moors.

At the end of the First World War , the groundwater level was lowered because in the adjacent forest areas, due to the heavy swamp, logging and other forest use was not possible. Another reason was the production of drinking water for the St. Wendeler and Ottweiler area , which is poor in groundwater . The paved paths and the concrete structures bridging the trenches also date from this time.

In the following 50 years or more, what had formed over the centuries was destroyed. In 1933, at the instigation of the community of Waldmohr, the nearby Glan was straightened and regulated. The faster draining water now also no longer supplied enough water to the Jägersburger Moor; Trenches dried up, springs dried up. The peat that had swelled up by then sagged; the stilt roots of the trees were now exposed.

The plans for the Saar-Palatinate Canal , which originated at the same time but were not carried out several times for various reasons, would have run through right here. But another major construction project, the alignment of today's A 6 (Kaiserslautern – Saarbrücken) , which runs only 250 meters to the north, was carried out in 1958/59 and caused massive changes in the runoff of superficial water flows. The Spickelwald further north, which formed an important groundwater collection region for the Jägersburger Moor, was now separated and could no longer contribute to the preservation of the moor. Until the early 1970s, sluices and plastic fences were used to keep the water out. Even an “ecological water supply concept” launched in the 1980s could no longer stop the decline.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Landscape profile of the landscape area 191.2 Peterswaldmoor of the landscape information system of the Rhineland-Palatinate nature conservation administration ( notes )
  2. ↑ List of nature reserves in Saarland. (PDF; 39 kB) Lower Nature Conservation Authority Homburg, accessed on May 1, 2019 .
  3. ^ Dieter Dorda: Nature conservation as a local task. (PDF) City of Homburg, accessed on May 1, 2019 . , P. 40
  4. ↑ On the post-glacial forest history of the Saar and Rhine Palatinate. (PDF; 301 kB) Accessed May 1, 2019 .

swell

  • Dieter Dorda: The Teufelsmoor near Jägersburg no longer exists; A nature reserve between myth and need for care. Saarpfalz Calendar 2009, Office for Heritage and Monument Preservation, Homburg, ISBN 3-9807983-6-4

Coordinates: 49 ° 22 ′ 7 ″  N , 7 ° 21 ′ 53 ″  E