Moosstrasse
The Moosstraße is an inner-city street today in the Salzburg districts Riedenburg and Leopoldskron-Moos . It connects the city with parts of the municipality of Grödig, south of Salzburg . The road was created as a farm road in the course of the drainage of the moss there and the beginning of peat extraction in the 18th century.
Location and description
The 5.5 km long and around 4 meters wide Moosstraße begins west of the Rainberg on Neutorstraße in the Riedenburg district and from there leads in a straight line south through the Leopoldskron-Moos district to Glanegg , a district of the surrounding community of Grödig, where you can take the Tauernautobahn ( A10) is bridged. From there there is a short connection to the Fürstenbrunn district .
The street is surrounded on the left and right by a strip of building land, each about eighty to one hundred meters wide, which represents the main settlement area of Leopoldskron-Moos, the majority of the rest of the district is a nature reserve. The settlement area is divided into Unter-, Mitter- and Obermoos .
The Moosstraße has been the only continuous connection through Leopoldskron-Moos and the longest straight road in the state of Salzburg. The entire Moosstraße is currently used by the urban bus line 21 and, in the inner area, also by the line 22.
History and meaning
The Leopoldskroner Moos south of the settlement area Riedenburg was an uncultivated moor area until the beginning of the 18th century. In 1709 a first straight drainage ditch was created. In the 1730s, a second trench was added at a distance of 18 feet , which was completed in 1740 as far as Glanegg. In the middle, a Knüppelweg was laid out, which is shown on a map of the same year as the Fürstenweg . The name refers to Prince Archbishop Leopold Anton von Firmian , who arranged for the moor to be cultivated as planned. The path, which is very difficult to walk in the outer area from today's Mittermoos, first served, among other things, the so-called water riders, who brought water from the spring in Glanegg to Leopoldskron Castle , which was also built by Firmian shortly before and now belongs to the Riedenburg district .
After the completion of the new gate through the Mönchsberg in 1766, Riedenburg was more easily accessible from the city of Salzburg. As a result, some manors were built by the citizens of Salzburg at the beginning of Moosstrasse, most of which no longer exist today. In 1802, Anton Moll, the owner of one of these properties, made an application to the prince-archbishop's administration to create the Fürstenweg as a paved road. This fortification was carried out in the years 1805–1807 by the administration of what is now the Electorate of Salzburg under the supervision of Joseph Ernst von Koch-Sternfeld . As a result, on the one hand there was an increase in construction activity along the street, on the other hand there was also a considerable increase in land prices. In 1806 there were 40 numbered houses in the entire Leopoldskron, two years later there were already 62. Records by Koch-Sternfeld attest to building costs of 17,840 guilders for the fortification of the road . One difficulty in creating the path was always the water-rich subsoil, which was later considered a problem, for example with regard to the construction of a water pipe from Untersberg to the city of Salzburg along Moosstrasse at the beginning of the 1870s.
In the course of the following decades, the settlement along the Fürstenweg gained increasing importance. In 1833 the school, which had previously been housed in Leopoldskron Castle, was relocated to Moosstrasse 63. With the establishment of the independent political community Leopoldskronmoos in 1850, which was accompanied by the formation of its own parish, the parish church Maria-Hilf was built in Mittermoos in the 1850s on the street .
In the first half of the 19th century, a bathing culture emerged in the area. Several bathing establishments were set up on Fürstenweg, offering different types of spa and medicinal baths with the moor from the surrounding area. The most important were the Marienbad, also built in Mittermoos, which preferred the wealthier as a clientele, and the more distant Ludwigs-Bad. Both had trips to the city of Salzburg in “social cars” or “omnibuses” several times a day for bathers. The bathing culture came to an end towards the turn of the 20th century. Only these two baths existed longer: Ludwigsbad until 1930 and Marienbad until 1980.
In 1856, the municipality of Leopldskronmoos parceled out the embankments on both sides of the street, as they left their land to residents for use. They could mow grass there and use the embankments as storage space. In return, they were obliged to plant trees along the road (for their own use) and to ensure that the road was maintained in their respective sections, which, however, was followed in very different ways. In the course of a legal dispute in 1874, the abandonment of the embankment areas to neighbors turned out to be illegal and the regulation was repealed.
The official renaming of the Fürstenweg in Moosstraße took place in 1873. In 1894 the plan was published to build a horse-drawn tram along the road from Riedenburg to Fürstenbrunn, which would connect the city area with the Leopoldskroner Weiher, which was already popular with day trippers, as well as the mud baths and the settlements along the foot of the Untersbergs would connect. However, the plan was never implemented.
In 1902, on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the completion of Moosstrasse, the roadway was completely renovated. The municipality of Leopoldskronmoos took this opportunity to apply to the State of Salzburg for financial support for the construction of an accompanying footpath, which was rejected.
Despite modernization, the condition of Moosstrasse worsened due to the emerging motorized traffic. There were disputes in this regard at the beginning of the 1920s with the Mayr-Melnhof forest administration, which severely affected the road with its trucks. In the course of the following legal dispute, the municipality applied to the State of Salzburg to collect a toll for using the road. As a result, Moosstrasse was a toll road from February 1925 to May 1931.
On January 1, 1939, Leopoldskronmoos was incorporated into Salzburg, and since then the city of Salzburg has been responsible for maintaining Moosstrasse as a municipal road. In the 1950s the road was paved and in the 1960s it was gradually equipped with street lighting. The last major innovation was in 1974/75 the lane for cyclists and pedestrians, which was previously requested, was created right next to the road.
Measured against today's traffic volume, Moosstraße only just meets the requirements; the accompanying lane for cyclists and pedestrians is assessed as inadequate.
nature
Trees are set along the Moosstrasse. The first plantings probably date from the time when the road was created. Almost the entire street thus forms an avenue. The trees are made up of noble ash , bog birch , robinia , winter linden , pedunculate oak and sycamore maple . In 1986 the avenue was placed under protection in the form of a protected part of the landscape with the area of 8.67 hectares under the number GLT00051 . All is considered worthy of protection, especially with regard to the landscape aesthetics and its cultural and historical value. Several biotopes also belong to the protected area .
literature
- Josef Hauer: About the creation of Moosstrasse. In: Bastei , magazine of the Salzburg City Association, 66th year, autumn 2017, pp. 8-10.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Measurement on the official geographic information system of the State of Salzburg ( SAGIS ).
- ↑ See Salzburger Zeitung of January 11, 1871, p. 2 .
- ^ Franz Martin : Salzburg street names. List of streets, alleys, squares, paths, bridges, gates and parks with an explanation of their names. 5th, substantially revised edition by Willa Leitner-Martin and Andreas Martin. Announcements of the Society for Salzburg Regional Studies , 25th supplement, self-published by the Society, Salzburg 2006.
- ↑ For all information regarding protection cf. Nature Conservation Book Salzburg .
