Napoléon Joseph Charles Paul Bonaparte

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Napoléon Joseph Charles Paul Bonaparte, portrait by Hippolyte Flandrin , 1860
Prince Napoléon "Plon-Plon", by August Grahl , around 1830

Napoléon Joseph Charles Paul Bonaparte , called Prince Napoléon or Plon-Plon (born September 9, 1822 in Trieste , † March 17, 1891 in Rome ), was a French general and politician. In 1870 he was appointed Count of Moncalieri by his father-in-law Victor Emanuel II .

Life

Napoléon Joseph Charles Paul Bonaparte was the second son from the marriage of Jérôme Bonaparte (1807 to 1813 King of Westphalia ) and Catherine of Württemberg , the daughter of King Frederick I of Württemberg . From his mother he was nicknamed "Plon-Plon". He was later called that mockingly. From 1837 to 1840 he was an officer in the Württemberg service. In 1848 he was a member of the French Constituent Assembly.

After his cousin Napoleon III came to power. he became a general in the army. As commander of the 3rd  Division , he took part in the Crimean War and commanded the division in the Battle of the Alma . When the campaign lasted longer than planned, Prince Napoléon left the troops. The public therefore accused him of cowardice. The French commander-in-chief Marshal Canrobert named the uncleanness and inconvenience of camp life as the reason for the Prince's departure .

Marie Clotilde of Savoy (1843–1911)

Napoléon Joseph Charles Paul Bonaparte married Marie Clotilde of Savoy on January 30, 1859 , daughter of King Victor Emanuel II of Sardinia-Piedmont (later the first King of Italy ). This marriage should the alliance between Emperor Napoleon III. and Victor Emmanuel. In the Sardinian War of 1859, which opened the way to the unification of Italy through the defeat of Austria , he commanded the French V  Corps .

Since he was part of the rule of his cousin Napoleon III. did not trust, he acquired the La Bergerie domain in Prangins on Lake Geneva in Switzerland in 1859 . Already from 1814 to 1827 it belonged to his uncle Joseph Bonaparte , the older brother of Napoleon I, as an accessory to his exile residence at Schloss Prangins . From 1862 Prince Napoléon had the magnificent Villa de Prangins built there, which he sold again in 1870, whereupon he had a new, more modest Villa La Bergerie de Prangins built on a remaining part of the domain . This served him and his descendants as exile from 1886 and is still owned by the Bonaparte family today .

From 1864 to 1865 he was a member and vice-president of the Secret Council. In the Third Republic in 1876 he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies. After the death of Napoleon Eugène Louis Bonaparte , son of Napoleon III, in the Zulu War (1879), he was recognized as the head of the Bonaparte family . On January 16, 1883, Prince Napoléon was arrested in Paris. He had called for a referendum in favor of his claim to the throne. In 1886 he was banished from France - like all potential heirs to the throne.

children

His grandson Louis Bonaparte (1914–1997) continued the Bonaparte dynasty, he had two sons, Charles and Jérôme (unmarried).
Charles is the current head of the family. His son Jean, born in 1986, is the last male descendant of the Bonapartes .

literature

  • Hugh Montgomery-Massingberd (Ed.): Burke's Royal Families of the World. Volume 1: Europe & Latin America. Burke's Peerage Ltd., London 1977, ISBN 0-85011-029-7 , p. 108.
  • Jiří Louda, Michael MacLagan: Lines of Succession. Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe. Little, Brown and Company, London 1999, ISBN 0-316-84820-4 , plate 72.

Web links

Commons : Napoléon Joseph Charles Paul Bonaparte  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Heinz Rieder: Napoleon III. Adventure and Imperator , p. 213.
  2. ^ Marco Jorio : Bonaparte. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . March 11, 2010 , accessed June 8, 2019 .
personal data
SURNAME Bonaparte, Napoléon Joseph Charles Paul
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bonaparte, Napoléon Joseph; Prince Napoleon; Plon-Plon
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French general
DATE OF BIRTH September 9, 1822
PLACE OF BIRTH Trieste
DATE OF DEATH March 17, 1891
Place of death Rome