Schömberg fools guild
| Fools Guild Schömberg eV | |
|---|---|
| purpose | Preservation of the carnival tradition |
| Chair: | Bernhard Wuhrer |
| Establishment date: | February 8, 1922 |
| Seat : | Schömberg |
| Website: | nz-schoemberg.de |
The Narrenzunft Schömberg eV is a fool's guild whose tasks as a non-profit registered association is the preservation of the traditions of the carnival and the organization of the fool jumps in Schömberg .
Schömberg in the Zollernalb district is a stronghold of the Swabian-Alemannic Fasnet , which has been included in the nationwide list of intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO since 2014 . The Schömberg fool's guild has been a member of the Swabian-Alemannic Fool's Guilds Association (VSAN) since 1929 and is part of the Neckar-Alb region.
The Schömberger Fasnet is known nationwide for the fool's dance “dr Bolanes” (Swabian “ Polonaise ”) and the colorful, eponymous fringed fools decorated with woolen fringes.
Goal and structure
The goal of the Schömberg fools' guild is to preserve the carnival tradition as well as to organize and organize the carnival in Schömberg. The Schömberg fool's guild is a registered association .
Organs and members
The organs of the association are the board of directors and the general assembly. The general assembly elects the board. Every member of the fool's guild is entitled to vote from the age of 18.
In contrast to the usual practice with associations, the fee is not transferred or collected by direct debit. The board members - called fools' councils - collect the membership fees during a house gathering. Each fool's council has an assigned area, which it works through in the time between Epiphany and Carnival Saturday (Saturday before Ash Wednesday ). Anyone who donates at least 1 euro (previously 2 DM ) per season is a member. In the course of this, membership badges with an annually changing motif are also sold.
The fool's advice
The entire board of directors is called the council of fools . This forms committees such as B. the rabbit committee, which coordinates the registration of rabbits and the rabbit rules, or the guild ball committee, which organizes the hall events.
In addition to the guild master (1st chairman) and his deputy guild master (2nd chairman), the statutes know the sack master (cashier), the treasurer (equipment manager) and the secretary. All other fools' councils act as assessors. According to the statutes, the council of fools can have up to twenty members and is not, as in many other guilds of fools, limited to eleven members ( council of fools ).
The fool's council usually meets once a month - except in August - for a board meeting. A delegation of 20s and 19s is invited to act in an advisory capacity. From time to time other participants such as B. invited the hussars or representatives of the music associations, there should be a common theme. The latter are also not entitled to vote.
clothing
The councilors of fools wear a jacket made of white fabric with sewn-on wool fringes, leaning against the fringed fool. As with fringed fools, the color of the wool fringes is up to each fool's advice, as long as the colors adhere to the rules of the rabbit.
The councilors of fools wear black trousers, black shoes and white gloves as well as a black felt hat with sewn woolen balls and a feather wiper with their jacket. Underneath is a vest made of dark red velvet with a pattern in the zipper area, which is also based on the fringe fan. A golden house medal in the shape of a star is worn around the neck, on the vest there is a small house medal with a colored border depending on the length of service (→ see honors ).
In contrast to many other fools' guilds, the Schömberg fool's guild knows different rabbits for the fool's council. In addition to the “large service suit” mentioned above, there is also a “small service suit” that is worn without the jacket and with a bollard cap instead of the large felt hat. In addition, a black jacket can be worn over the vest.
At the house collections, the fool's council only wears the bollard cap with civilian clothes.
Councilors of honor
After 25 years of activity in the council of fools, the respective board member becomes “council of honor” . Honorary fools 'councils may keep their foolish councilors' rabbits even if they leave as active fools 'councils and wear them on official events of the fools' guild. Often they still help in the background and support the active fool council in its work. Furthermore, they are allowed to appear at official events of the fools 'guild, the VSAN and the landscape in the Narrenratshäs and to supplement the active fools' councils. The councilors of honorary jesters are no longer entitled to vote if they are no longer active.
Honors
Merited members can be made honorary members. There are currently four honorary members (as of: Fasnet 2020).
Active fools 'councils are honored after 10 (bronze house medals) and 20 years (silver house medals) as well as after 25 years (golden house medals and appointment as honorary fools' council). There are currently seven councils of honorary jesters (as of: Fasnet 2020).
Furthermore, there are honors from the Association of Swabian-Alemannic Fools' Guilds (VSAN) and the Neckar-Alb region according to the rules of honor there.
history
Until 1921
The origin of the Schömberger Fasnet can be traced back to the year 1796. However, due to a major fire in the city in 1750, in which all but two buildings burned down, it is possible that the carnival took place earlier. The first surviving fool's dress dates from 1812, which is still in the private property of a Schömberg resident today. In good weather, the figure of the old Harzer can still be seen on Carnival Sunday .
1922 until after the war
Only in 1922 was the Schömberg fools' guild officially founded as a registered association. Before that, the carnival was organized and carried out by the craft guilds. Due to regulations and bans on the part of the government authorities, the Fasnet could no longer be held without an official association.
During the First (1915–1918) as well as during the Second World War (1940–1945) and its post-war period (1946–1948) there was no or almost no carnival in Schömberg. In 1946, the 20s at that time (born in 1926) celebrated their 20s carnival, albeit under very poor circumstances. This was not approved by the French occupying forces. The same thing happened in 1948. Only a year later did the military government accept the election of a new council of fools.
1960s – 1970s
In 1963 a fool's meeting took place in Schömberg for the first time, which was organized by the fools' guild. One year later, the fool's fountain designed by the artist Alfred Sessler was inaugurated on Schömberg's market square (→ see fool's fountain ). At the official inauguration, red wine flowed from the fountain. On the occasion of the 700th anniversary of the city of Schömberg, another meeting of fools took place in Schömberg in 1967.
In the 1970s, around midnight on Shrove Tuesday, some fools began what is now called the midnight bolane . In 1977 this idea was made available to all carnival enthusiasts by the 1920s with a torch sale for the last move. Today the midnight polonaise has become an integral part of the Schömberger Fasnet, but it is not part of the official Schömberger Fasnet program.
Two years later, the European mask museum in Binche ( Belgium ) asked for a Schömberger fringed dress, which the jester's council presented on an excursion there.
1980s
A guild ball took place for the first time in 1981 and is still held today during a longer carnival season. In 1982, the Neckar-Alb landscape meeting took place in Schömberg.
In 1988, thanks to a generous donation, the Schömberg fools' guild was able to set up its own guild room and the fool's museum (→ see fool's museum ).
1990s
During the Second Gulf War (1991) the VSAN was forced by the enormous media pressure to recommend that the member guilds cancel their carnival events. The Schömberger Narrenrat also canceled the carnival after lengthy discussions, which understandably did not appeal to the 20s. So the 20s dared to sell the Narrenblättle on Carnival Sunday and the Fool's Jump on Carnival Monday, where they were accompanied by other brave Schömberg fools.
In 1992 another landscape meeting of the Neckar-Alb landscape took place in Schömberg.
With the 1997 carnival, the systematic recording and numbering of all Schömberger fool's clothes began. These are equipped with a patch on which the Schömberg coat of arms, the words “Narrenzunft Schömberg” and a serial number are embroidered. 1,773 rabbits are currently registered (→ see figures of the Schömberger Fasnet ).
On October 17, 1998, after the fool's fountain, the second carnival figures were erected and inaugurated in the city little town (→ see fool's sculptures ).
2000s
The so-called Maschgera-Tag was introduced for Fasnet 2001 , which took place for the first time on the Saturday before the Schmotziga on February 17, 2001. Since then, Maschgera Day has taken place every year on the last Saturday before the main carnival. The Schömberg fool's guild has committed itself not to attend any away appointments this weekend.
From February 2 to 3, 2002, the fools' guild celebrated its 80th anniversary with the Neckar-Alb landscape meeting. As part of this, the first book specifically about the Schömberger Fasnet "Fasnet in Schömberg" was created and published by Wulf Wager (→ see literature ).
A half-hour documentary about Fasnet 2005, especially about the 20s born in 1984, was filmed as part of the SWR program “Treffpunkt” with the motto “Fasnet Ade” and broadcast shortly afterwards (→ see media ).
2010s
On February 4th and 5th, 2012 the Schömberger Narrentage took place on the occasion of the 90th anniversary of the fools' guild and the 200th anniversary of the old Harzer .
On Whit Monday, May 21, 2018, the 30th anniversary of the Narrenmuseum was celebrated with a ceremony. At the same time, the 20s tied up the Allebär and drove it, like every year on Whit Monday, through the inns and alleys.
From January 28th to 30th, 2022, on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the fools' guild, the Neckar-Alb landscape meeting will take place in Schömberg.
Course of the Schömberger Fasnet
In front of the main carnival
General Assembly of the Fools Guild
The carnival in Schömberg does not start on November 11th, for example at the Rhenish Carnival , but on January 5th, the day before Epiphany, with the general assembly of the fools' guild in the reservoir in Schömberg. In addition to the usual procedures of a general meeting, the fool's march is played by the Schömberg town band for the first time when the 20s, who are dressed in a fringed dress or fox needle, arrive. The rest of the gathering hardly differs from that of a sports or music club. The meeting ends with the common singing of the Schömberger jester song.
Dust off
On January 6th, Epiphany, dusting, which is widespread in Swabian-Alemannic carnival, takes place. The 20s visit the important fools' houses and symbolically dust off the fool's clothes and larvae with a so-called "Feadrawisch" (feather duster made from cock feathers).
Maschgera
Formerly from February 2nd ( Candlemas ), today even earlier, smaller groups or age groups go “maschgera” (Italian “Mascera” = masking). These usually disguise themselves beyond recognition and move through restaurants and private houses. Traditionally, people usually go to the Maschgera in the evening on Tuesdays, Thursdays or Sundays. Saturday has also established itself as machine tool day since the 2000s.
Guild ball
The organized since 1981. Hall event (colloquially guild ball called) is in long carnival season instead and therefore not automatically every year. The program is designed by the 20s, the Narrenrat, associations and private groups.
While the guild ball used to take place on two evenings, today it takes place on a Saturday before the carnival. The date depends on the away visits and the carnival and therefore varies.
Visiting external events
From the beginning of January, fools' meetings, traditional evenings, etc. take place in other places on individual weekends. The Schömberger Narrenzunft goes to a maximum of two away events per year, even if the number of invitations is usually larger. The reason for this is that the weekends are used by many groups (including the 20s) for Maschgera and more than a hundred fools are not in town at a weekend for fools, which affects the traditional carnival in Schömberg's streets and restaurants.
Since 2001, the so-called Maschgera day has been taking place on the Saturday before the carnival , which is why there are generally no away dates on this weekend.
Carnival
Schmotziga Dauschdig
The first day of the main carnival is called Schmotziga . This is always the Thursday before Ash Wednesday , which, like Easter , follows the first full moon in spring.
At the Schmotziga, the 20s and other Fransennarren and Fuchswädel meet in the upper Alte Hauptstrasse, who make their way to the two Schömberg kindergartens and schools at nine in the morning. Here the fool's march is played for the first time at the carnival and the first round of dance is danced through all the rooms together with the children. The children then receive sweets from the fools and the fool council. After the student exemption, the school day ends regardless of the timetable. The individual figures are mostly worn by the 20s. Since 2019, the two Schömberg senior citizens' facilities have been visited in parallel.
At 2 p.m., hundreds of children, young people and parents, some of them from neighboring communities, meet in front of the Plettenberg Inn for the children's parade. The young people and the 20s wear civilian clothes - mostly jeans and a simple sweater - as well as the head (larva) of the respective figure, a "Gschellriemen" (strap with bells) from left to right.
This custom comes from the time after the Second World War, when there were hardly any families who had their own fool's clothes. The few foolish clothes that existed were tailored to the size of a full-grown man. So that the youngsters could itch, they lent them the larvae and a belt strap. The remaining participants go as Maschgera. The parade is musically framed by the youth band of the town band Schömberg, as well as some active and former musicians of the town band in the historical Landsknecht uniform. The move leads to the Lindner company, where the children and young people are greeted with a bar of chocolate and drinks.
After a short break, we continue over the wing and the village to the market square where - once at the Schömberger Fasnet - a “small Bolanes” (small polonaise) takes place. After the final waltz, everyone goes to the reservoir, where all children who have taken part in the parade receive a voucher for a drink from the Narrenrat.
On the evening of the Schmotziga, many groups (including the 20s again) go maschgera again and everyone is invited to dance. The celebrations often drag on into the morning hours of the next day.
Friday
On the Friday after the Schmotziga, out of respect for Jesus Christ's death on the cross, all activities taking place at night are suspended.
Fasnetssamschdig
On Saturday, the carnival takes place exclusively in the evening. Here the years of the 15s to 20s but also many older years and other groups traditionally go maschgera in the most unusual disguises. Each group has its own motto and this is how they present themselves to the public. The aim of the groups is to show themselves in as many restaurants as possible. They often carry sweets, a small snack or schnapps with them, which they distribute to the guests. The common move into the respective restaurant is usually accompanied by music, often based on the motto.
Carnival Sunday
Sunday traditionally begins with Holy Mass or a liturgical service at 9 a.m. in the town church. For the 20s, as for many other fools, this is a must visit. The fools attend the service in the Häs, but without larva and Gschell. In the first row of the bench sit the 20s in tails and top hats, of which one delegation is available as an altar boy for the pastor or deacon . The pastor or the deacon give a humorous, mostly rhymed sermon this Sunday. When the organist leaves the church , the fool's march is played on the church organ .
After the service, the 20s distribute the Schömberger Narrenblättle in pairs, with the exception of two: They move in a carriage or on horseback through the streets of Schömberg and proclaim the carnival. They also wear historical herald's uniforms.
At 2 p.m. the big parade starts again at the Plettenberg Inn. Hundreds of fools and fox heads itch along the Swiss road and across the market square. From there it goes through the Badstuben-, Schul- and Kirchgasse into the Suppenlochgasse, where the town band Schömberg as the head of the parade waits for all Häträger. From there, dr Bolanes starts , which is danced in the market square. The parade and the polonaise are musically framed by four music bands: the Schömberg town band, the Schömberg youth band, the Ratshausen music association and the Zimmer music association. If the weather is fine, there can be up to 800 participants. The streets and the market square are lined with over a thousand visitors.
After the move, the reservoir is hosted by the fools' guild.
Compared to the other evenings, the evening is a bit quieter for many. The reason for this is the fool's jump on Monday morning at 8:11 a.m.
Fasnetsmedig
Monday, like Tuesday, is one of the main days of the Schömberger Fasnet. Virtually all fools took those two days off. Many Schömberg companies partially or completely stopped operations on these days.
It starts at 8:11 a.m. on the grand piano. From there it goes without audible musical accompaniment towards the market square, where the town band has positioned itself and plays the fool's march. The fool's jump leads across the market square and the Alte Hauptstrasse to the former Waldhorn guesthouse on the Halde. There the rows of four separate into rows of two, which turn into Gaberstall- and Rauchwinkelgasse. After a turning point, the fool's leap ends.
At 9:15 a.m. the fool's song begins in the lower Alte Hauptstrasse. At the intersection of Alte Hauptstrasse / Schulgasse / Kirchgasse, the move splits into the two streets and ends there.
At 10:31, however, it continues: Dr Bolanes starts punctually in the upper old main street, where all the fools gather again. The polonaise can take up to an hour and a half for many participants. After the Bolanes, a parade through the city begins, which stops at various restaurants.
At 2:31 p.m. the big children's parade starts again from Gasthaus Plettenberg towards the market square, in which the other fools also take part. The parade route is identical to Fasnetssonndig until after passing the market square and Badstubengasse. Then the move will take place through Gaberstallgasse into Rathausgasse. From there, the Maschgera, who itch at the top during this move, itch through the Schulviertel- and Brunnengasse to the Alte Hauptstraße. The Häträger turn directly from Rathausgasse into Alte Hauptstraße and overtake the Maschgera and are now back at the top. A dance ensues in the market square. Afterwards there is sausage and wake for the children, donated by the fools guild.
Around 6 p.m. all fools have their larvae and belts at home. Because before the prayer ring at 6 p.m., these must be taken at home. Some change their clothes and put on a maschgeragewall, others go foolishly.
Fasnetszeischdig
On Tuesday - the last day of Carnival - the fools start a little later. At 10:02 a.m. the fools meet again in the lower Alte Hauptstrasse. The fool's song follows with the same sequence as the day before.
At 11 a.m. the big polonaise will take place on the market square. A large number of Maschgera line up behind the fringed fools and fox heads. After that, the move through the city from the previous day will continue. The last round ends punctually at 6 p.m. at bedtime in the upper Alte Hauptstrasse. The official carnival ends at this point.
Towards evening, the 20 torches sell for the upcoming midnight Bolanes, which is not an official part of the Schömberger Fasnet program.
At about 11:30 p.m. all those still present gather in the market square and itch one last time. Some musicians play the fool's march in different variations. At 11:59 p.m. at the latest, the sound of the fool's march stops and the 20s gather around a prepared iron wagon into which all torches are thrown. The 20s are in the front row around the fire. The Facklasonndigslieder are sung for the first time, and some tears show up in them.
After the carnival
Wednesday
On Ash Wednesday , the 20s have one more task: They go back to the Schömberg shops in tails and top hats to collect donations so that they can pay their debts and bills. In gratitude, they distribute herrings and bread to business people and passers-by. In advance they carry a wooden cross with empty wallets hanging from it as a sign that all money has been used up. The 20s get many small gifts on their way, which they all attach to the wooden cross.
On this day, the fool's council removes the street decorations, tidies up the reservoir and then goes to eat snails together. Many other groups join this and fill all Schömberger restaurants again. A visit to the Holy Mass is also on the agenda for many.
Torchlight damage
On the Saturday after the carnival, the men of the age groups (15 to 19) build several witches and a sign with the annual motto of the year for the "Facklafiar" that takes place on Sunday. The young people meet at places that are mostly secret in advance to build the witches so that other age groups cannot steal them in advance, which is always tried to play a trick on the other age group.
On this day, the 20s help the youngest generation build the witches and build witches themselves at the same time. Furthermore, final preparations are made for the coming day such as B. the search for the motto signs of the past years.
In the evening, the young men invite the young women of their year to join tomorrow's torchlight. Here the year-olds meet in previously agreed groups and the year-old women are symbolically invited. Here, a vesper or dinner is often taken. Then all the years meet in the restaurants.
Those born in the previous year (30s, 40s, 50s and less often the 60s) often take part in the torchlight again.
Torch light
The Sunday after Fasnet, the first Sunday of Lent, is the "Facklasonndig". It starts early in the morning for the 20s on the fairground at the Werkreal- und Realschule. With the help of experienced Schömberger, the torch will be set up. The 20s have been preparing the wood for the meter-high work since Thursday, sometimes even before the carnival. About 12 to 18 solid cubic meters of wood are piled up.
The young men of the other age groups get their witches and the shield out of their hiding places in the late afternoon and carry them to the town church in time for the prayer ring (6 p.m.). As soon as the witches and the sign are on the church, nobody should steal them anymore. The vintages usually meet a little earlier to have a drink in the surrounding bars. Meanwhile, the rest of the population gathers on the fairground and prays together with the 20s after the prayer time for the " Angel of the Lord ".
Shortly afterwards, the pile of wood from the 20s is set on fire. As soon as the smoke rises into the sky, a 20-year-old who has positioned himself in front of the church sends the first year on the way to the Facklafiar. Then it goes to the sounds of the Facklasonndig songs "Oh Strasbourg", "A guard sat on the little tower" and "Now goodbye now it's over". On the approx. 500 meter long way to the Facklafiar there are further stations where the youngsters of the 20s are received.
When they arrive at the fire, each year group walks around the fire singing in a precisely defined sequence and at the end throws the witches into it. The sign is taken with you and kept until your own carnival. Only there are all signs burned. The conclusion is made by the 20s, who are the last to throw their old motto signs, the wooden cross from Ash Wednesday, etc. into the fire. The other vintages then go to the inns to eat. Here is celebrated again together and the close connection to the carnival and tradition with old Schömberger songs, toasts, etc. are maintained.
The evening or night usually ends with another visit to the Facklafiar, where the 20s will sit all night. The carnival is finally over and the fools will have to wait a long time until it starts again on January 5th.
Figures of the Schömberger Fasnet
The Schömberger Fasnet has a total of seven active figures. The main characters are the fringed dress and the fox needle. All other figures are single figures, ie only one hat can be seen in a move or Bolanes. 1,773 rabbits are currently registered with the fool's guild, of which 870 are velvet fools and 807 foxes (as of January 5, 2020).
Fringed dress
The Schömberger fringed dress, the fringe fool or, colloquially, simply called “fool”, is one of the two main characters of the Schömberg carnival. This dress is one of the most beautiful and imposing carnival dresses in the entire Swabian-Alemannic region.
The fool, who bears testimony to the late baroque and high rococo period through its whole optics, has mainly contributed to the fact that the Schömberger Fasnet is known far beyond its borders and arouses admiration and joy everywhere.
A fool consists of countless meters of woolen fringes, which are sewn onto valuable velvet in the prescribed form. The smooth, lovely wooden mask, which is mostly carved by local artists, is attached to the imposing hat. On this there are countless balls of pigeon wool and a detailed border, which makes the fool a colorful work of art. Three shells of cock feathers and a long shawl complete this. A white shirt and a white bow tie must be worn under the jacket. There are also white gloves and black shoes, of course. The fool's bell counts only two belts with light bells. In addition, some fools carry a box of chocolates with them. The chocolates are often distributed to spectators after the Bolanes.
Most researchers largely agree on the origin of the discussion about the age of the various fool's clothes. The fringed dress is probably one of the youngest. Since there is a similar dress in Rottweil , it is not certain where it first appeared. Another possibility is that a bride brought a similar fringed dress from Ettenheim when she married to Schömberg around 1800 .
Before 1930 the fringed dress was still made from old peasant linen, as only a few citizens could afford the expensive velvet. Only six out of twenty 20s had a fringed velvet dress at their 20s carnival in 1914. With growing prosperity, this variant no longer appears today. However, there are still Schömberg citizens who want to remember the tradition and make fringed clothes out of linen. The hat was different too. Paper roses used to be common here instead of today's woolen balls.
The choice of color is left to the citizens themselves, but there are certain limits on the part of the jester's council, which should not be exceeded, otherwise the newly made jester's dress will not be allowed.
Fox needle
The fox's needle is one of the large family of white fools, which can be found in many fools' guilds of the Swabian-Alemannic carnival. Similar figures can also be seen in neighboring communities such as Ratshausen and Schörzingen . In addition, the fox's needle is the second main character of the Schömberger Fasnet.
The fox needle wears a light dress made of linen, but a heavy gschell with up to six straps. Like a fool, the larva is smooth and friendly. A painted shawl and three foxtails are attached to this. Fuchswadel's jacket and trousers are painted with imaginative figures from the world of fairy tales, uniforms or traditional costumes. Also scenes from forest work or comics, such as B. from the Walt Disney world have already been seen. In addition to the usual clothing (black shoes, white shirt and white bow tie), a foxswadl has a sandwurst with him, which is lifted during the bolane.
The hussar
The hussar is one of the individual figures of the Schömberger Fasnet, but two hussars are always present at the Bolanes. You are considered a person of respect, which is clearly shown by the male appearance of the hussar.
According to unproven oral tradition, the hussars owe their clothes to an unhappy love affair. During the Austrian War of Succession from 1740 to 1748, a woman from Schömberg fell in love with a soldier on horseback. However, he did not return from the war as promised. In memory of him, the young Schömberger woman made a replica of his uniform.
The two hussars are still privately owned by the Kiene family from Schömberg. These were still borrowed from the fools 'guild for a small amount until the 1990s, until the fools' guild had two of their own hussar clothes made.
The male larva of the hussar with an artial mustache wears a tin helmet from that time on his head. This makes the hussar appear stricter than the other participants, which makes the office of steward des Bolanes much easier for him. The dress itself consists of coarse linen and a striking chest trim, which is reminiscent of the Austrian uniforms. The lines are painted like those of the fox's needle, but kept simple in black and red. The word “§ 11” adorns the back of the hussar. The meaning is still unknown, but it can be assumed that the elf often appears in connection with the carnival.
The half black
The half-black is also a single figure of the Schömberger Fasnet, which really only appears once.
The larva and hat correspond to the fringed fool, with half of the larva being painted black. The dress is similar to the Blätzle, whereby one half is black, the other half white or light. The symbolism between light and darkness, good and bad and also winter and summer is conceivable. The origin could be as early as the 15th century. But this kind of fool is also present in other guilds.
The task of the half-black at Bolanes is to run along the spectators and to whistle with them. He also carries a basket with sweets, which he hands out to the younger audience.
That or that Blätzle
The Blätze is traditionally the "dress of the poor fool". The period of origin and appearance are similar to the fringed fool, but there are decisive differences. The dress of the Blätzle consists of simple, coarse peasant linen. The fringes of the Blätzle are made of felt strips. In the curvatures of the fringes ("Sautenach"), patches of fabric are attached and give the leaf its name. The headgear and the larva are no different from the fringed fool. The white gloves, the white bow tie and the black shoes are a matter of course here.
Like the half-black, the Blätzle is a single figure and has a similar area of responsibility to this one. Distributing sweets from the basket of the Blätzle is just as much a part of it as walking along during the Bolane.
The wart '
The wart is probably the most mysterious dress of the Schömberger Fasnet. According to the stories of older Schömberger citizens, the wart was represented as a single figure on the Schömberger in the 19th century. The wart has not been worn as a costume since 1886. Through the story of Schömberg Pius Seifriz (* 1878 † 1982) the Schömberg hobby painter Walter Leis began to restore the wart in 1967. The original warz 'has not appeared to this day. The whereabouts can only be guessed at. Either it was burned in a roof truss fire, which was not uncommon at the time, or it was destroyed in the 1950s, when the bad habit prevailed to throw old larvae into the torch. In 2000, a document was found in which the whereabouts of the original warty larva was in the Rottweiler antiquity hall. The new wart was worn in public for the first time at the 1968 carnival.
Today's wart is similar in facial expression to the Harz. However, the beard is missing and a large wart sits on the right cheek, which gives the costume its name. The headgear and the cut of the dress is the same as that of the Harzer. The contemporary witness could no longer remember the original painting of the wart. Today's painting was created in the artist's imagination, but it is similar to the painting of the fox's needle. The writing "† 1886 * 1968" is located on the shawl, which symbolically stands for the "dying" of the Urwarz and the "rebirth" of the Wart. Like the Harzer, the wart only wears a belt strap with only one bell. A white shirt, white bow tie, white gloves and black shoes are also standard clothing here.
The tasks of the warts are similar to the tasks of the half-black and the blätzle: "Welschen" and distributing sweets.
The Harzer
The Harzer is probably the oldest Schömberg carnival dress still in existence. The year 1812 is on the back of the old Harzer. Since then, the Harzer has been present at almost every carnival with his broom. The beard shows that the Harzer wants to be respected. The broom is also an expression of this.
The single Harzer figure has the same headgear as the wart and an artistically painted dress, although the motifs here are not the same or similar to those of the fox's needle or the wart. Even the Gschell of the Harzer is limited to one strap and only one bell.
The Harzer is the focus of the Schömberg children on Fasnetszeischdig (Carnival Tuesday) in the afternoon from 4 p.m. These persecute the Harzer with the words "D'Fasnet isch soon out, d'Harzer has an intoxication", which indicates the condition of the Harzer at that time.
The suction lock '
The suction lock 'is not a current Schömberger carnival figure. During the research for the book “Fasnet in Schömberg” (→ see literature ), the suction lock was found in Karl Leipold's hometown sheets. According to Pius Seifriz, the suction lock 'was the female counterpart to the Harzer, which the appearance and equipment of this figure also suggests. Except for the beard and the fringe of hair, everything is the same.
There is only one figuratively documented proof of the suction block. At the meeting of fools in Rottweil in 1930, she can be seen for two seconds on a film made at the time. After that, the suction block was mysteriously never seen again.
The polonaise
Dr Bolanes in Schömberg
The polonaise, called “dr Bolanes” in Schömberg, is, in addition to the colorful and unique figures, the unique selling point of the Schömberger Fasnet. Dr Bolanes takes place in its complete form exclusively in Schömberg during the carnival. When performing at traditional events, for example in the context of fools' meetings, only a round dance - a greatly shortened version of the Bolanes - is performed.
The polonaise is only performed three times a year in identical order on the market square as the central square in Schömberg:
- Carnival Sunday after the parade at 2 p.m.
- Fasnetsmedig at 10:31 a.m.
- Fasnetszeischdig at 11 a.m.
The so-called "small Bolanes" on Schmotziga is a shortened, but still significantly longer version than the round dance.
In addition to the traditional events, after the children's parade on the Fasnetsmedig and after the return to Schömberg, the dance crowd is itchy for away events.
procedure
Dr Bolanes traditionally begins in the upper Alte Hauptstrasse and leads from there across the square in front of the former Gasthaus Lamm across the market square towards the customs house. There is the first turning point before it goes back again. A set sequence of polonaise is danced, led by the hussars.
In the course of the Bolane, the processes for outsiders become more and more complex and opaque. This impression is reinforced by the many colors, especially the fringes. During the Bolanes, the Schömberger Fool's March is played and repeated until the hussars give the signal that the Bolanes is over. A waltz follows, in which all parade participants, sometimes also with the audience, dance together in pairs.
If there are many participants, a Bolanes can take up to an hour and a half. Mostly the duration levels off at a little over an hour.
history
The Bolanes has been known as a dance, especially in France, since the 17th century. It was not until 1900 that the blacksmith Johann Wuhrer brought this dance from France with him from the waltz. How exactly the Bolanes prevailed at the Fasnet can no longer be proven beyond doubt. However, it was part of the Fasnet well before the First World War and has remained so to this day.
music
Fool's march
The Schömberger Narrenmarsch has been played in this form in Schömberg since the beginning of the 20th century. In “Bolanes” the fool's march is repeated up to thirty times.
The fool's march has no known text and it is only hummed along. As soon as the fool's march starts all over again, the fools “cheer” out loud (“Juuuuuhuuuuuu”).
Performances
The fool's march is played at all parades and at the “Bolanes”. Only in the fool's song it is not played (→ see fool's song ).
The fool's march will be played for the first time in one season at the opening of the general assembly of the Schömberg fool's guild on January 5th. The last official fool's march ends on Fasnetszeischdig at 6 p.m., the last unofficial one at midnight Bolanes on Fasnetszeischdig at around 11:59 p.m.
During the year it is unusual and frowned upon to play, play or listen to the fool's march. Many musicians do not practice the fool's march even before the general assembly, because it has "become flesh and blood". The first official rehearsal will take place a few minutes before the start of the General Assembly on January 5th.
Music bands
The Schömberger Narrenmarsch is mostly played by the Schömberg town band. At some fools meetings, where the fools are not accompanied by the town band, they are replaced by the Musikverein Hausen am Tann . At the Schmotziga only a delegation of active and former musicians plays as land servants, but the leadership is taken over by the youth band of the town band.
On Carnival Sunday, the parade and “Bolanes” are supported by the youth band, as well as the music associations from Ratshausen and Zimmer unter der Burg . The youth band also supports the children's parade on the Fasnetsmedig.
Fool's song
The fool's march is not based on a text, as is usual in most places. In Schömberg there is therefore the fool's song. This is only played and itchy on Fasnetsmedig at 9:15 a.m. and on Fasnetszeischdig at 10:02 a.m. It will also be played orchestral at the end of the general assembly of the Schömberg fools' guild on January 5th.
The fool's song is reminiscent of a processional march. Accordingly, the rhythm adapts to "itch" and the familiar, orderly picture emerges.
text
The text of the fool's song comprises six stanzas and is not sung by the Schömberg town band. Therefore, the fool's song participants sing the text under the larva, the audience on the roadside.
Now the long desired hour
is coming, it comes and comes to us,
all the fools from the whole town, they
prepare for the festival.
Yes, today begins the life of a fool that
all citizens like.
There really cannot be anything more beautiful
in the whole world.
The fools only want to cultivate
the real foolish humor today ,
so whoever finds joy in something like that
lends his ear to the foolishness.
The two hussars keep order,
and that is their strict duty;
jump around with the guns,
but the girls are not afraid.
The old Harzer with the bell
makes such a smart face,
he is as happy as a young boy
and is not ashamed of his age.
You fools all from the whole town
for the feast you appeared!
So call out loudly from a happy heart
a "Cheer" to Schömberg's time of fools.
Since the number of participants is often very high, the fool's song is not played exactly six times, but mostly more often.
The 20s
General
There is hardly any other place in southwest Germany that has such a pronounced vintage life as in Schömberg. It is because the 20s in Schömberg play a very important role, especially at the Fasnet. Preparations for this start at the age of 14. As a 14er - this is the age group whose members turned 14 in the previous year - they run for the first time around the torch.
The 20er Fasnet is the highlight of every young person. The whole thing can be traced back to the recruitment period, which began at this age. Therefore, in the phase between adolescence and adulthood, you have a kind of "fool's freedom". Another reason that supports this assumption is that old recruits' songs are sung at the Facklasonndig to this day.
20er carnival
All curiosities, embarrassments, missteps, inadequacies, etc. are written down by the 20s with the help of the Schömberg population, wrapped in rhymes and later printed in the fool's paper.
The baptism of the new 20s takes place on Lord's Day ( Corpus Christi ) on the market square. After the Corpus Christi procession, the new 20s from the previous year are baptized. In the past, the fool's fountain was used for this purpose, which at that time still stood on the market square. The year to be baptized is currently organizing a water basin or something similar.
Around November 11th, the Narrenkästle is handed over to the 20s by its predecessors and hung up in front of the old school in which the Schömberg fool's guild is located. Here the population can anonymously send one or the other incident that has come to light to the 20s. For a few years now there has also been an online Narrenkästle, which can be found on the Schömberg Narrenzunft website.
At the general assembly of the fools guild on January 5th, the actual carnival begins for the 20s. This is followed by tasks such as dusting and collecting the house, where the 20s are allowed to accompany the fools' councils. In addition, the 20s go every Saturday before the carnival maschgera. From the Schmotziga, the 20s are in constant use up to the Facklasonndig (→ see the Schömberger Fasnet process ).
The 20s show up for the last time on Whit Monday , when a year old completely wrapped in lilac is driven through the farms as an "allebear". On Ascension Day and Corpus Christi , the 20s do the last two courses: Four of the 20s carry the large church flags through the city during the processions. On Corpus Christi afternoon, the already mentioned baptism is only this time in the role of the Baptist.
Others
Fool's well
On Carnival Sunday in 1964, a long-cherished wish of the fool's guild came true: The fool's fountain directly on the market square was inaugurated. On that day, instead of water, red wine flowed through the fountain. After the successful meeting of fools in 1962 - also from a financial point of view - the idea was discussed for the first time in the fools' council. The Strasbourg-based carver Alfred Sessler was enthusiastically commissioned to design and manufacture the figure or the fountain. The 1.42-meter-high wooden fringed man weighed just under a hundred kilograms.
With the redesign of the market square, the fool's fountain has been moved several meters. The original wooden figure of Sessler is no longer located here, but a faithful metal copy made in 1980 that adorns the fountain of fools. The reason for this was the too rapid weathering of the wood. The wooden original is still in the guild room today.
In autumn 2011, the fool figure was restored just in time for the 2012 fool days.
Fool sculptures
On the other side of the market square is the bronze jester sculpture that adorns the parking lot in front of the Sparkasse, the cemetery, the Zehntscheuer and the former Gasthaus Lamm. The sculpture, which was created by Gunter Dietrich from Inzigkofen , was inaugurated on October 17, 1998. The costs of 96,000 DM were financed on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the fools' guild through donations and the surplus of a major event.
The life-size fool figures Fransennarr, Fuchswadel, Hussar and Harzer stand on the platform.
Fools museum
On September 9, 1988, another dream of the fool's guild came true: the renovation of the "old school" near the market square made many rooms free. In the restored building are currently the volunteer fire brigade , the DRK and club rooms of the Liederkranz Schömberg and the chess club. The notary's office was also located in the building until 2017.
The fool's guild houses both the fool's museum and the guild room. More than 2.5 million DM and more than 5,000 hours of work by volunteers have gone into the historic building.
Today the Narrenmuseum houses around fifty historical clothes in original size, as well as writings, flags, documents and a historical outline of the tradition and customs of the Schömberger Fasnet and its origins. The Narrenzunft Schömberg eV is the sponsor of the Narrenmuseum
The museum and a guild room could be inaugurated thanks to the initiative of the Narrenrat and a generous donation from the deceased patron, Mr. Hans-Erich Lindner.
The museum was extensively renovated in 2009 and opened its doors for the first time in January 2010, just in time for the carnival. In 2018, the 30th anniversary was celebrated with a ceremony on Whit Monday.
Guild room
The guild room is also part of the 200 square meter rooms of the fools' guild. This is where the meetings of the jester's council, the reception on Carnival Sunday and the collection of fools' clothes take place. The archive and the clothing store are also located there.
Before that, the meetings of the Fools' Council took place in a room in the elementary school.
As the volunteer fire brigade moved out of the building, rooms in the old school were vacated, some of which will be used by the fools' guild in the future.
The original wooden figure that Alfred Sessler originally carved for the fountain of fools is located in the guild room.
List of guild masters of the fool's guild
| time | Surname | job |
|---|---|---|
| 1922-1924 | Franz-Josef Baier | Master baker |
| 1925-1927 | Heinrich Schmidberger | farmer |
| 1928-1930 | Karl Strobel | Stonemason |
| 1931-1933 | Franz-Josef Baier | Master baker |
| 1934-1937 | Thomas Riedlinger | facility manager |
| 1938 | Rudolf Faulhaber | Wagon keeper |
| 1939 | Karl Schmidberger | farmer |
| 1940-1946 | no guild master | |
| 1947-1953 | Karl Schmidberger | farmer |
| 1954-1958 | Emil Riedlinger | Bank director |
| 1959-1974 | Paul Riedlinger | gardener |
| 1975-1993 | Emil Riedlinger | Bank director |
| 1994-1995 | Peter Schwabe | Head of Quality Management |
| 1996-2000 | Jürgen Riedlinger | Banking economist |
| 2001-2003 | Hans Unverricht | locksmith |
| since 2004 | Bernhard Wuhrer | architect |
media
Regional and national media reported repeatedly about the Schömberger Fasnet. In addition to the local newspapers Zollern-Alb-Kurier and Schwarzwälder Bote , the SWR is a regular guest in Schömberg. In 2005, a nearly 30-minute video report was filmed as part of the SWR program “Treffpunkt”, with the 20s being accompanied by Fasnetssonndig up to and including Facklasonndig.
A 360 ° video of Bolanes was shot on Carnival Sunday 2018, which has been available to view with VR technology in the Narrenschopf Carnival Museum in Bad Dürrheim since autumn 2018.
Trivia
In 1965 Schömberger Narren went skiing in full gear on the Feldberg . A television team from Süddeutscher Rundfunk happened to be present, which documented the action in great detail. At the following general assembly of the fool's guild, this company, the execution of which was not known to all fools' councils, was heavily criticized because it has nothing to do with the carnival tradition.
On Fasnetssamschdig 2007 a part of the Bundesliga team of HSV Hamburg was in the Zollhaus on Marktplatz and in Goaßahemml, because after the Bundesliga game against HBW Balingen-Weilstetten they received the recommendation to visit the Schömberger Fasnet. National player Pascal Hens , dressed in a dirndl and a blonde, long-haired wig, announced a boot with a North German toast.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Fool Council. In: Narrenzunft Schömberg e. V. Accessed on April 29, 2019 (German).
- ↑ Fool Council. In: Narrenzunft Schömberg e. V. Accessed on April 29, 2019 (German).
- ↑ Narrentreffen 2022. In: Narrenzunft Schömberg e. V. Accessed on January 21, 2019 (German).
- ↑ The sun is shining in the old place: Schömbergs Fasnet is getting its ribbons again. In: Zollern-Alb-Kurier. January 8, 2020, accessed January 8, 2020 .
- ^ K. Leipold: The Schömberger Fasnet. Rottweiler Heimatblätter 1931.
- ↑ K. Leipold: The different types of Schömberger narrenkleider Rottweiler Heimatblätter 1931
- ↑ Bolanes (Polonaise). In: Narrenzunft Schömberg e. V. Accessed on January 22, 2019 (German).
- ^ Carnival 2005 in Schömberg. Retrieved January 22, 2019 .
literature
- Association of Swabian-Alemannic fools guilds (ed.): On the history of the organized carnival . Dold, Vöhrenbach 1999, ISBN 3-927677-17-5
- Wulf Wager: Carnival in Schömberg. Time image of a living complex of customs . Edited by the Schömberg fool's guild. Wager, Altenriet 2001, ISBN 3-9807995-0-6
