Election to the National Council in Austria in 1930
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The National Council election on November 9, 1930 was the fourth in the history of Austria and the last of the First Republic. The Social Democratic Workers' Party of German Austria became the party with the largest number of votes and seats. Second place went to the Christian Social Party , which in some federal states ran together with national organizations of the Home Guard. A list association of Greater Germans , Landbund für Österreich and smaller parties became the third strongest force. The home bloc , the Heimwehr party around Ernst Rüdiger Starhemberg , also made it into the National Council . Thus for the first time in the first republic the parties of the third camp (GdP / LB, NSDAP and partly HB) were able to gain.
4,121,282 people were eligible to vote. The turnout was 90.5 percent (1927: 89.3 percent).
background
After Johann Schober resigned as Federal Chancellor on September 25, 1930 , the Christian Social Party Chairman Carl Vaugoin was to form a new government. However, the previous coalition partners, the Greater German People's Party and the Landbund, considered the coalition pact to be broken and were no longer available to participate in government without new elections. The social democratic opposition also called for new elections. The federal government Vaugoin had a minority government has no majority in parliament behind him, which is why President Wilhelm Miklas dissolved the National Assembly and new elections were scheduled. Incidentally, it was the first and only time that an Austrian Federal President has used this power introduced in the 1929 constitutional amendment .
While Christian Socials, Greater Germans and parts of the National Socialist movement ran as a single list in the National Council elections in 1927 , they again ran separately in this election. The Christian Social Party formed an electoral party in Vienna , Lower Austria and parts of Burgenland with the local Heimwehr regional organizations around their leaders Emil Fey , Julius Raab and Michael Vas , while the Greater Germans entered into an electoral alliance with the Landbund under the name of the National Economic Bloc and Landbund (according to their list leader also called "Schober Block"). The Heimwehr built its own political party with the home block within a very short time.
Election campaign
The election campaign reflected the strong conflicts between the political camps. The posters of the Christian Social Party were directed strongly against the Social Democratic Workers' Party, which was blamed for the July revolt in 1927. The social democratic Glöckel decree , which diminished the strong influence of the Roman Catholic Church on the school system, also became an election campaign topic for the Christian Socials.
The Social Democrats advertised a strengthening of tenant protection , which they saw threatened by the Christian Socialists, and demanded the introduction of general unemployment benefits . They accused the Christian Socialists of not doing anything about high unemployment . The poor economic situation and issues such as the federal railway scandal and various bank affairs, in which Christian social politicians were significantly involved, dominated the social democratic election campaign. Furthermore, they warned on their posters of an impending civil war and called for general disarmament .
Bottom line
| Candidates | be right | proportion of | Mandates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1930 | ± | 1930 | ± | ||
| Social Democratic Workers' Party of German Austria (SDAPDÖ) | 1,517,146 | 41.1% | -1.2% p | 72 | +1 |
| Christian Social Party (CS) (partly with Heimwehr ) 1) | 1,314,956 | 35.7% | -12.5% p | 66 | –7 |
| National economic bloc and land alliance | 428.255 | 11.6% | + 5.3% p | 19th | -2 |
| Home block | 227,401 | 6.2% | nk | 8th | +8 |
| National Socialist German Workers' Party (Hitler Movement) (NSDAP) | 111,627 | 3.0% | + 2.2% p | 0 | - |
| Land federation for Austria | 43,689 | 1.2% | nk | 0 | - |
| Communist Party of Austria (KPÖ) | 20,951 | 0.6% | + 0.2% p | 0 | ± 0 |
| Austrian People's Party ( Harand Movement ) | 14,980 | 0.4% | nk | 0 | - |
| Democratic Middle Party (DMP) | 6,719 | 0.2% | -0.2% p | 0 | - |
| Jewish list | 2.133 | 0.1% | -0.2% p | 0 | ± 0 |
| People's party loyal to the emperor (Wolff Association) | 157 | 0.0% | nk | 0 | - |
| National Democratic Association (Höberth Party) | 54 | 0.0% | nk | 0 | - |
nk = not running
1) Christian Social Party and Heimwehr in Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland
consequences
The National Council election in 1930 was the last before the Austro-Fascist coup on March 4, 1933, which Engelbert Dollfuss referred to in the Austrian newsreel as a " self-elimination of parliament ".
Web links
- www.bmi.gv.at ( Memento of February 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Result of the elections in votes and percentages (PDF file; 11 kB)
- Editions digitized by the Austrian National Library : Daily overview of November 10, 1930 (online at ANNO ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ We are calling for new elections! In: Arbeiter-Zeitung , September 27, 1930, p. 1 (online at ANNO ). .
- ^ Hugo Portisch : Austria I: The underestimated republic . Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1989, ISBN 978-3-218-00485-5 , p. 378 .
- ↑ A head of state with limited power. In: Courier . March 4, 2016, accessed September 4, 2018 .
- ^ Edition of Austrian newsreels of the Film Archive Austria, Austria in picture and sound 1933
