Nyonoksa
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Njonoksa
Нёнокса
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Njonoksa ( Russian Нёнокса , also transliterated as Nenoksa ) is a village (selo) in northwestern Russia with 468 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010). It is located in Arkhangelsk Oblast and belongs to the Severodvinsk urban district . North of the village is a missile launch site for the Russian Navy .
geography
Njonoksa is located about 64 km west of the oblast capital Arkhangelsk , about three kilometers south of the coast of the White Sea . The village is located about 31 km west of the city of Severodvinsk, to which it is administratively subordinate. The Verkhovka River ( Верховка ) runs through Njonoksa and the Lake Nizhneje ( Озеро Нижнее ) in the north of the village and flows into the White Sea north of Njonoksa. From the west, the eponymous, around six kilometers long river Njonoksa crosses the village and flows into the Verkhovka within Njonoksas.
Njonoska is the administrative center of the Administrative circuit Nyonoksa ( Нёнокский административный округ ), in which also the settlements Sopka ( Сопка ) Seljony boron ( Зелёный Бор ) and the villages Solsa ( Солза ) and Sjusma ( Сюзьма ) are located.
history
The Pomoric village of Njonoksa was first mentioned in 1397 in a document of the Moscow Grand Duke Vasily Dmitrijewitsch .
In 1553, the English navigator Richard Chancellor landed an attempt to open up a north-east passage for the English merchant fleet west of the Nikolo Korelski monastery near Njonoksa. In the following, lively trade relations developed between the Kingdom of England and Tsarist Russia , in the course of which the city of Arkhangelsk was established in 1584.
Up until the 19th century, Njonoksa was one of the largest centers of salt boiling and by 1890 had more than 1200 inhabitants. Due to the extraction of salt from large salt deposits in the Urals , production became unprofitable, so that salt production was stopped in the 20th century.
On August 8, 2019, the Njonoksa nuclear accident occurred near the site , in which several people were killed or seriously injured.
Rocket launch site
About two kilometers north of Njonoksa, east of the Sopka settlement , there is a military training area for testing submarine-based ballistic missiles for nuclear submarines . Since the 1960s, prototypes of the R-29 and R-39 missiles have been tested here. For reasons of secrecy, the Ukrainian city of Feodosia in the Crimean Oblast was officially given as the location of the military training area for a long time .
Like Severodvinsk, Njonoksa, due to its military importance, is located in an area with restricted access that foreigners without special permission are not allowed to enter. Furthermore, Russian citizens can only travel to Njonoksa with a special ID.
Economy and Infrastructure
In Njonoksa is the Troitsky Church ( Троицкая церковь ) built in 1724, the only wooden church in Russia with five tent roofs . There are also two sacred buildings , the Nikolsky Church ( Никольская церковь ) built in 1763 and a bell tower built in 1834.
There are no year-round road connections to Njonoksa. The most important transport and traffic connection is on the 65 km long railway line Issakogorga - Severodvinsk - Njonoksa , which is owned by the Russian Northern Railway . The most important employer is the military training area.
literature
- Ju.M. Sul'man: Istorija posada Nënoksy. Istoriko-kraevedčeskij očerk. AIB, Moscow 1997, ISBN 5-89227-002-8 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service of State Statistics of the Russian Federation); Čislennost 'naselenija po municipal'nym obrazovanijam i naselennym punktam Archangel'skoj oblasti, vključaja Neneckij avtonomnyj okru Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 Goda (population number of municipal structure and places the Arkhangelsk including the Autonomous circles Nenets results of the All-Russian census 2010.) Table (Download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of Arkhangelsk Oblast)
- ↑ Law "On the Status of the Boundaries of Municipal Forms of Arkhangelsk Oblast". Accessed May 21, 2011
- ↑ Soviet General Staff Map ; Available at poehali.org ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Reviewed May 21, 2011
- ^ "Statute on the Municipal Structure of Severodvinsk". Accessed on January 16, 2016
- ↑ a b c Галина Чарупа: С юбилеем, Ненокса !, Северный рабочий, June 11, 2007 Retrieved May 21, 2011
- ↑ a b c d e f Article about Njonoksa on towns.ru.Retrieved on May 21, 2011
- ↑ Article about the Nikolo-Korelsky monastery on towns.ru.Retrieved on May 21, 2011
- ^ Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, Volume 12, Fourth Edition, Leipzig and Vienna 1885-1892, p. 49 Leipzig and Vienna Retrieved on May 21, 2011
- ↑ Article on R-29 / SS-N-8 SAWFLY on globalsecurity.net.Retrieved on May 21, 2011
- ↑ Article on R-39 / SS-N-20 STURGEON on globalsecurity.net.Retrieved on May 21, 2011
- ↑ Андрей Михайлов: Полигон, связавший Неноксу и Кубу , Pravda, December 3, 2004
- ↑ List of areas of the Russian Federation with regulated visits for foreigners.Retrieved on May 21, 2011
- ↑ a b Article on the Issakogorga - Severodvinsk - Njonoksa railway line on Sergei Bolashenko's website. Accessed May 21, 2011
